The article analyzes the translations and interpretations of the philosophical course Stephan Kalynovskyi taught at the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy in 1729–1731. Drawing on unpublished translations, editorial corrections, letters, etc., the author reconstructs the history of this course’s translation for the first time, which began in the late 1960s. The author analyzes whether the researchers transcribed and translated the handwritten Latin text correctly and to what extent their interpretations of the course’s philosophical ideas are valid. The article demonstrates that researchers neither had (...) the proper knowledge of the scholastic philosophical tradition and, in some cases, its specific type of Latin nor created the necessary critical apparatus. It resulted in many flaws in their works. Ukrainian philosophers grossly misinterpreted Kalynovskyi’s course because they found the Enlightenment, Cartesian, and local Ukrainian ideas in the text, written in Paris in the 1630s. The author also demonstrates that contemporary studies of Kalynovskyi’s course mostly repeat dubious Soviet ideas, while several dishonest scholars even practice plagiarism. (shrink)

This chapter reports the biography of Arthur Schopenhauer and explores his particular thoughts on musical philosophy. Schopenhauer was born on February 22, 1788. With his philosophy in general, and more specifically with his philosophy of art, Schopenhauer has probably exercised a greater effect on artists and musicians than any other thinker or writer. His reflections on music were contributions that either focused on the metaphysical significance of the art form or made factual and normative statements about the factors and forms (...) of musical composition. Schopenhauer's theory of redemption through art and of music's closeness to metaphysical origins was warmly received by Europe's cultivated bourgeoisie. (shrink)

Berkeley doesn't use the Time-Gap Argument, as Leibniz does, to prove either that we immediately see only ideas or that we see physical objects mediately. It may be doubted whether he was even aware of the time-gap problem that gives rise to the argument. But certain passages in the Three Dialogues and elsewhere suggest that Berkeley would have had cogent answers to anyone who claimed that this argument, construed as being in aid of the conclusion that we only perceive ideas, (...) is unsound. Discussing points made by Bertil Belfrage, Len Carrier, John Foster, A. C. Grayling, Howard Robinson, A. D. Smith, Tom Stoneham, and Colin Turbayne, I try to show that the Time-Gap Argument can be expanded into a strong argument for Berkeleian Idealism. I also idnicate how the latter provides a solution to J. J. Valberg's "puzzle of experience" and disarms James Cornman's argument in Perception, Common Sense, and Science that Berkeley, too, faces a time-gap problem. (shrink)

The publication contains the original Latin text of sections "De infinito" from the philosophical courses of Theofan Prokopovych (1707-09) and Georgiy Konyskyi (1749-51). The comparison for the first time conclusively proves that these texts are almost identical. The publication of the text takes into account all the differences that exist in manuscripts known today. In parallel with the originals, there are Ukrainian translations of both texts (published, respectively, 1980 and 1990). Such publication makes it possible to evaluate changes in the (...) Ukrainian philosophical and translation tradition. (shrink)

A sharp distinction between the notions of explanation and understanding is more than relevant for contemporary philosophy. However, it is difficult to understand the current state and prospects of this terminological distinction without considering its origins. The author finds such origins in the field of philosophy and methodology of science of the nineteenth century. One cannot grasp the meaning of explanation and understanding in philosophy without considering the ordinary meanings since both notions are also actively used in the ordinary language. (...) Hence, this paper has a twofold aim. Firstly, it investigates the meaning of explanation and understanding in everyday use. Secondly, it considers the origin of the distinction between the notions in philosophy. It is proven that the origin of the explanation in philosophy can be seen in Auguste Comte’s philosophy of science, namely in the first volume of The Course in Positive Philosophy published in 1830. There Comte introduces the notion of explanation in the context of the law of three stages, as well as the notion of positive explanation which makes positive knowledge or science different from the previous stages of knowledge. As for the origin of understanding in philosophy, it is found in Droysen’s philosophy of history, namely in The Outline of the Principles of History, where Droysen makes a distinction between understanding, which is used in history, and explanation that was discussed by Comte. Consequently, explanation and understanding, after being introduced to philosophy by Comte and Droysen, become the central notions of Dilthey’s well-known methodological distinction between natural sciences and humanities. Manuscript received 16.02.2020. (shrink)

У статті досліджено світові тенденції розвитку морських портів за останні роки. Визначено напрямки розвитку, які демонструють взаємодію морського транспорту і світової економіки. Виділено чинники макросередовища, які суттєво впливають на діяльність підприємств морської галузі України. По кожній групі висвітлена проблема та рекомендовані напрями дій. На думку авторів, утілення в життя запропонованих заходів сприятиме підвищенню конкурентоспроможності українських портів на світовому ринку за рахунок збільшення обсягів перевалки вантажів, залучення нових вантажопотоків, розширення асортименту робіт та послуг.

У статті обґрунтовано характерні особливості сучасних умов господарювання, урахування й моніторинг яких у процесі управління ефективністю діяльністю сприяє підвищенню рівня рентабельності функціонування в поточному й перспективному періодах. Серед характерних особливостей виділено урахування зовнішніх умов господарювання, узгодження вектора й цілей розвитку із рівнем ефективності. Наведено логіку дослідження ефективності діяльності підприємства, що розвивається в сучасних умовах господарювання.

The aim of the study is to analyze viruses using parameters obtained from distributions of nucleotide sequences in the viral RNA. Seeking for the input data homogeneity, we analyze single-stranded RNA viruses only. Two approaches are used to obtain the nucleotide sequences; In the first one, chunks of equal length are considered. In the second approach, the whole RNA genome is divided into parts by adenine or the most frequent nucleotide as a “space”. Rank–frequency distributions are studied in both cases. (...) The defined nucleotide sequences are signs comparable to a certain extent to syllables or words as seen from the nature of their rank–frequency distributions. Within the first approach, the Pólya and the negative hypergeometric distribution yield the best fit. For the distributions obtained within the second approach, we have calculated a set of parameters, including entropy, mean sequence length, and its dispersion. The calculated parameters became the basis for the classification of viruses. We observed that proximity of viruses on planes spanned on various pairs of parameters corresponds to related species. In certain cases, such a proximity is observed for unrelated species as well calling thus for the expansion of the set of parameters used in the classification. We also observed that the fifth most frequent nucleotide sequences obtained within the second approach are of different nature in case of human coronaviruses. We expect that our findings will be useful as a supplementary tool in the classification of diseases caused by RNA viruses with respect to severity and contagiousness. (shrink)

У статті аналізується один із дійових чинників вступу до нового суспільства – результативність феміністського руху, ефективність вирішення його завдань і пошуків засобів та умов вивільнення жінки від існуючих форм пригноблення, формування жіночої свідомості з врахуванням вітчизняного досвіду. Зокрема, дослідження феміністичних ідей Лесі Українки свідчить, що поглибленого переосмислення потребує феміністичний рух – рух, тенденції і наслідки якого привідкривають до цього невідомі, самотворчі особистісні можливості жінки у нових життєвих умовах. Історичний розвиток актуалізує раніше дещо приховані негативні риси патріархату, освячені традиціями відносин статей. (...) Обстоювані Лесею Українкою феміністичні ідеї засвідчують, що дієвість мистецтва жіночності – в умовах його здійснення на усій вертикалі життєдіяльності індивідуальності – від домашнього вогнища і до її індивідуально-особистісних соціально і культурно значущих проявів. (shrink)

The article deals with the main problems connected with the process of institutionalization of theological education in the educational field in the scientific space of our country. At the same time, the necessity of forming effective mechanisms of cooperation between representatives of secular and religious circles in the development of spiritual education is outlined.

Description of the project implementation “Manuscript Heritage of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy: Monuments of the Educational Process of the 17th–18th Centuries”.

Under this name, one of the problem groups worked at the international scientific conference "Christianity and the problems of today"The leading group is Professor M. Zakovich, Head of the Department of Cultural Studies at the Ukrainian Pedagogical University named after. M. Drahomanov informed in detail about the existing project of incorporating theology into the courses obligatory in higher educational institutions of all levels of accreditation and about the introduction of the subject "Fundamentals of Christian Ethics" into the program of general (...) education schools.-Education-upbringing. (shrink)

У статті подається компаративний аналіз феноменів історії та історичної пам’яті; аналізується проблема меж компетентності історичного методу як загальнонаукового. Наводиться ретроспекція явища скепсису щодо об’єктивності та обґрунтованості висновків історичної науки. Робиться висновок, що історична пам’ять є феноменом, корені якого сягають глибин антропогенезу, у зв’язку з чим заторкується вчення К.Юнга про архетипи. Досліджуються архетипічні витоки людської пам’яті, роль історичної пам’яті у формуванні національної ідентичності, модифікації та різновиди сприйняття «історичного минулого». Коментується явище політизації історичної пам’яті під впливом ідеологічної кон'юнктури. Проблема надзвичайно актуалізується тому, (...) що нині політична кон'юнктура та система цінностей соціуму багато в чому детермінують специфіку бачення, розуміння й тлумачення подій минулого. Особлива увага приділяється терміну «національна історична пам’ять». Аргументується положення про некоректність радикального поділу націй на «політичні» та «етнічні». Розглядаються сучасні інтерпретації феноменів етноцентризму та презентизму в історичному контексті. (shrink)

In 2022, an estimated 110,000 people died of an opioid-related drug overdose in the United States (Ahmad et al. 2024) primarily related to illicit fentanyl. However, fatal overdoses comprise only a...

Understanding and explanation are usually considered in the context of continental philosophy in Ukraine, based on Wilhelm Dilthey’s distinction between understanding and explanation as the opposite methods for humanities and natural science respectively as well as relying heavily on hermeneutical philosophy of Martin Heidegger and Hans-Georg Gadamer when it comes to understanding. However, this is not an exclusive feature of continental philosophy, and this article aims to show that the terms are actively used in English-speaking philosophy. This is done by (...) focusing on philosophy of history and philosophy of science which are the areas that actively use such terms. Considering the number of works within these areas helps to outline the general situation in the English-speaking philosophy and demonstrates that the opposition of explanation and understanding is quite artificial now. The first part of the article regards the two-sidedness of the English-speaking philosophy of history, which means that history seeks to be both science and art. The second part of the article analyses understanding and explanation as they are used in philosophy of science. Particularly, it has been shown that such a classic of analytical philosophy as Georg von Wright considered understanding of the humanities to be a continuation of a teleological explanation as well as explanation within natural science to be a different type of explanation: a causal one. It is also shown that a contemporary researcher Kareem Khalifa introduces an important term ‘explanatory understanding’ which appears in the case of a correct scientific explanation within natural science. Based on the materials involved, the author of the article demonstrates that both areas of contemporary English-language philosophy view explanation and understanding not as antipodes but as co-dependent notions.Manuscript received 10.08.2020. (shrink)

Пояснення і розуміння традиційно вважають методами, які властиві різним галузям наукового пізнання – природознавству та гуманітаристиці відповідно. Натомість у межах цієї статті обидва – пояснення і розуміння – розглянуто як методи гуманітарного пізнання. А саме, звернуто увагу на функціонування пояснення і розуміння як в історії загалом, так і в рамках такого специфічного різновиду історичного пізнання, як біографія. Звернення до біографічного виміру допомагає унаочнити специфіку пояснення і розуміння та розширити уявлення щодо їх застосування в гуманітарних науках. У першій частині статті автор (...) аналізує функціонування пояснення і розуміння в історичному пізнанні загалом. Зокрема, розглянуто каузальне пояснення (пояснювальний нарис за Карлом Гемпелем) та раціональне пояснення (історія ідей за Марком Бевіром), а також розглянуто, як вони співвідносяться із герменевтичними уявленнями щодо розуміння. У другій частині статті висвітлено, як функціонує пояснення і розуміння в біографічних дослідженнях. Проаналізовано біографічне розуміння за Тільманом Габермасом та Неше Гатібоглу, а також випадки каузального та раціонального пояснення у біографічних розвідках. Зокрема показано, що каузальне пояснення не є самостійним поняттям, хоча його й наводять у біографії як пояснювальний нарис. Зауважено, що раціональне пояснення також використовують у біографічних реконструкціях із метою прояснення впливу конкретних подій на переконання особистостей. Аналізуючи залучені матеріали, автор статті демонструє своєрідність пояснення і розуміння в біографії порівняно з їх застосуванням в історичному пізнанні загалом. (shrink)

Ґустав Дройзен запропонував розуміння як метод історії. Макс Вебер аналізував роль такого виду каузального пояснення, як твердження умовного способу або контрфактичності. Обидва дослідники мали спільний інтерес до розуміння та пояснення. Утім, пояснення за Дройзеном визначалося як метод природознавства та не мало застосунку в історії, а розуміння Вебера було зосереджено на соціальній реальності, а не історичній. Однак саме ідею контрфактичностей Вебера, що здійснюють зміну (difference-making), було витлумачено як визначальну для історичних контрфактичностей. У статті визначено специфіку розуміння та контрфактичностей у цих двох (...) методологіях, розглянуто, наскільки їхні погляди сумісні та чи є суміщення розуміння та контрфактичностей корисним для історичного дослідження. Для досягнення цієї мети автор реконструює погляди Ґустава Дройзена щодо розуміння у першій частині статті. Розуміння тут є методом, що дає змогу сприймати віддалені у часі події як сучасні за посередництва історичного матеріалу та критики. У другій частині розглянуто традиції контрфактичностей аналітичних філософів (від Родеріка Чизголма та Нельсона Ґудмана до Джуліана Риса) та Макса Вебера. Контрфактичності є твердженнями умовного способу, що суперечать наявним історичним фактам, змінюють або прибирають причини певних подій, щоб у такий спосіб продемонструвати значущість цих причин для історичних подій мірою того, наскільки контрфактичні причини змінюють події. У третій частині автор доводить сумісність контрфактичностей і розуміння, демонструючи корисність сполучення методологій для історичного дослідження. Центральний аргумент щодо корисності цього сполучення полягає у такому: контрфактичності вказують на причини та головних діячів історичних подій; знання про діячів сприяє кращому розумінню їхніх особистостей; це розуміння допомагає відстежити ще більше контрфактичних можливостей, які можуть виявити нові причини, поглибивши наше бачення історії. (shrink)

The article analyzes the features of poetic reflection in the work of A. Krymsky in the relation "man-nature". Coverage of this problem in the conditions of postmodern philosophical discourse requires appropriate embeddedness in the national and cultural experience. Moreover, the poetry of A. Krymsky manifests the deep experiences of the Ukrainian man's ties with the natural world, which includes the actualization of the inner nature of man. The author seeks to "write out" the laws of the "moral constitution" according to (...) which a person is worthy of his purpose of being in nature "has the right" to love according to the vocation of his convictions, his needs and inclinations. On the one hand, the author seems to call us to abide by these "laws", but, on the other hand, his thoughts divert from such categoricalness into the space of "identity" and confessional repentance. As follows from the above, the dignity of a person consists in the awakening and strengthening of an independent, responsible, formed on the path of enriching the inner life of a spiritual personality and the search for a free egress. And in this, in fact, the highest value of the relevance of postmodern self-communication in the interpretation of the poetic work of A. Krymsky is developed. (shrink)

In M.Nesprava’s article "Theoretical Foundations of Radical Salafism", the presence of a conceptual core in the radical Salafism doctrine is shown and the main formation stages of this core are analyzed. Also, the role of the ideas by such authors as Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Muhammad ibn ʿAbd alWahhab, Syed Abul A'la Maududi and Sayyid Qutb in the formation of the conceptual core is argued. The characteristic aspects of the interpretation by radical Salafists of such concepts as tawhid, takfir and jihad (...) are demonstrated. (shrink)

У статті досліджуються складники світогляду нової техно-інформаційної цивілізації. Розширено зміст розуміння зла в умовах інформаційної цивілізації, нове розуміння його сутності. Описано особливості життєдіяльності індивіда, існування зла і добра, висвітлено роль суспільства споживання інформації в суспільному розвитку. Здійснено аналіз визначення меж зла та їх актуалізації. Дано тлумачення категорії зла у філософії постмодерну. Актуальність дослідження зла зумовлена новими реаліями інформаційної цивілізації. Звернення філософів до категорії зла, спричинене кризою культури та духовності, постає як заперечення повноти буття, утвердженням хаосу, множинності та егоїзму. Визначено концепції, (...) у яких описано поступ цивілізації як процес деградації культури, як поступову деградацію добра. Показано об’єктивність добра, його божественну сутність. Розглянуто питання, що стосуються природи зла, сутності та змісту негативних моральних цінностей. (shrink)

The need to study the documents of the Second Vatican Council on the preservation of the environment is conditioned by concrete changes in modern society, manifested in the escalation of conflicts in relations between man and nature, the transition to the post-industrial stage of development of society, globalization. Along with the positive effects and benefits of civilization, there are also dangers, including environmental ones. In modern Ukraine, the processes associated with the transition to a market economy, the adoption of the (...) values ​​of Western society, which require transformation in all spheres of social life. These changes should be based on the existing spiritual and intellectual traditions of society and provide for the resolution of environmental problems as a priority task for the further development of society. (shrink)

Contributing to the emerging religion and development literature, this study sets out to analyse the role of faith in the context of a particular development approach, 'Use Your Talents' at the Malagasy Lutheran Church in Madagascar. By analysing the views of lay Christian informants with regard to their involvement in the UYT project, the study asked what is the role of faith as an intangible asset in an asset-based community development project? The qualitative data were collected through participant observations and (...) interviews conducted in four congregations across Madagascar in 2018. The results showed that church teachings and biblical stories created a normativity of good and desirable behaviour in the context of the asset-based community development project. Faith may constitute an asset when it promoted the individual's capacity to achieve positive economic and social change.CONTRIBUTION: This research broadened the understanding of religion in the context of asset-based community development projects. The results showed that the participants attributed their engagement in community development to their religious calling. The belief in the existence of a higher power not only seemed to influence individuals to act but also enabled them to feel empowered and have something to contribute. As a contribution to sociology of religion, this study showed that community development can be part of Christians' and congregational holistic activities that depended on local knowledge and resources. Faith not only motivated individuals to engage in community development, but also it seemed to represent the essence of their engagement. (shrink)

From the perspective of socio-economic point of view the author pointed out three groups of consistent patterns of informational and propagandistic support in the armed forces, namely: 1) dependency of its nature, place in the instruments and phenomenology of ideologic work on: peculiarities of security environment; peculiarities of military culture of the particular society; type of society, which is characterized according to the criteria of perception of war as a means of defendind national interests and national ability to act collectively, (...) readiness to sacrifice during the war, as well as the method of information relationships in society; nature of official military discourse, which represents understanding of threats to the military security and methods of reaction to such threats - military ideology and military doctrine; the nature of war and its political goals; methods, objectives, means and results of the armed struggle; 2) dependency of organizational forms of informational and propagandistic support in the armed forces on organizational environment, namely social purpose and structure of the state military administration, responsible for such work, its logistical and management capacities; the level of management culture of the staff, responsible for informational and propagandistic support in the armed forces; general and current efficiency of informational and propagandistic impact on the consciousness and behavior of military personnel, population in the area of military units deployment / combat mission; conditions of implementation of informational and propagandistic support in the armed forces, service and out of service time, devoted to such work; 3) dependency of content of informational and propagandistic support in the armed forces on peculiarities of socio-military environment: system of the armed forces completing, development trends of military and political consciousness of military personnel and population in the area of military units deployment / combat mission, peculiarities of everyday tasks and military activities: conformity of the objective of informational and propagandistic support in the armed forces to the needs of daily and combat activities in the context of specifically defined tasks, restrictions imposed to the process of common and military tasks execution. The author proposes original variant of gradation of principles of the informational and propagandistic support in the armed forces: general ones, which are necessary to determine the mission of system of informational and propagandistic support in the armed forces and build such a system,which are worked out on the basis of the patterns of the first group; special ones, which represent the basis for possible realization of the system of mission of informational and propagandistic support in the armed forces, which are worked out on the basis of the patterns of the second group; methodological ones that are necessary to solve specific problems of informational and propagandistic support in the armed forces, which are worked out on the basis of the patterns of the third group. Taking into account the above principles, the author has formulated the requirements for organization of provision of informational and propagandistic support in the armed forces in current conditions: centralization, consistency, purposefullness, continuity, planned character, activity, flexibility. (shrink)

The polemical literature of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, comprehensively covering the issue of unification, had already outlined most of the important issues surrounding the transition of part of the Ukrainian Orthodox clergy to the union with Rome. However, their resolution raises a lot of controversy and ambiguous estimates of this controversial event. Therefore, actualization of this problem in modern science is a natural phenomenon. Today, as V. Shevchenko rightly points out, “the passionate relevance of the unified issue (...) has already acquired the importance of historical urgency”. In addition, the role of the two most influential dioceses of the Kyiv Metropolitanate, Lviv and Peremyshka, which actually defined the fate of both Ukrainian Orthodoxy and Ukrainian Greek Catholicism, has not yet been properly considered and objectively assessed in these processes. (shrink)

The concept of mentality in the context of today's post-pandemic society, its role in the development of historical and socio-postmodern scientific thought are analyzed. Its correlation with other categories has been determined, revealing phenomena that are close in meaning. Revealed the significance of the category of mentality for the study of the development of society.Mentality as a system is a categorical characteristic of a nation, and hence of a society, the core of which is a given nation. The study of (...) mentality allows us to understand the internal relationships in society identify the internal reasons for the development of society and do praxeological research. The analysis of mentality within the framework of social philosophy cannot be limited to a certain time period, this category characterizes the nation and society at the present stage, accumulating in itself all the historical influences and changes projected at the present.The article examines the phenomenon of mentality as a system of internal deep-psychological socio-cultural attitudes of the individual. The article considers and substantiates a mental approach to understanding the phenomena of socially individual life. The philosophical and educational aspects of the formation of personality mentality and the main "problematic sides" of modern education through the prism of the mental approach are actualized. (shrink)

The essay is concentrated on emotional affects caused by representation of violence in the case of Russia’s war against Ukraine and beyond. Instant accessibility to first-hand visual information created fertile soil for planting and then multiplying manipulative strategies of one or another political interest. Meanwhile, the demand for shocking content continues to steadily rise because it guarantees popularity, spectacle and even a form of pleasure. This, in turn, supports a very propagandistic version of reality where violence plays a central role (...) in the overall design and transmission of contents, which is driven by shock as an affective medium. Blind Spot, Gradual Loss of Vision and Speck in the Eye represent a body of works by Mykola Ridnyi, address the question of what potential response(s) could be given by artistic interventions understood as a dialectical and critical framework able to face and make visible the problem of dehumanization through violence? (shrink)

Theofan Prokopovych and Georgiy Konyskyi are the most prominent professors of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy in the 18th century. Their courses (1707-09 and 1749/51) are well regarded among the researchers and translated into Ukrainian in 1980 and 1990 respectively. Both texts generally have been considered as original. However, after a careful examination, it possible to notice a strong influence of Prokopovych on Konyskyi. This publication provides a comparative critical edition of a section from both courses on the same topic, on the infinity. (...) The section is published together with the available Ukrainian translations. The four text are synchronized, so it is easy to track the same passage in all the texts. Since the texts of both authors are based on several manuscripts, the publication is accompanied with the apparatus criticus. Because there is no tradition of publishing critical editions of Latin texts in Ukraine, a detailed explanation of the rules of apparatus criticus is provided here. -/- At this stage, it is too early to give a full account of the connection between Konyskyi’s and Prokopovych’ courses; nevertheless, based on the published section, it possible to say that Konyskyi used Prokopovych text mostly verbatim. He made some structural rearrangements, added some comments and clarifications. His text sounds more logical and more easily to apprehend. Considering the main goal of teaching activity – to pass a common knowledge, clarity of explanation is a higher value, than originality. (shrink)

This is the first book in English on the major works of the German philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte. It examines the transcendental theory of self and world from the writings of Fichte's most influential period, and considers in detail recently discovered lectures on the Foundations of Transcendental Philosophy. At the center of that body of work stands Fichte's attempt to integrate the theories of volition and cognition into a unified but complex 'system of freedom'. The focus of this book is (...) the intricate interplay between thinking and willing in the birth of experience out of the spirit of freedom. Combining incomparable erudition, sensitive readings of some of the most difficult of philosophical texts, clarity in exposition and an acute awareness of historical context this book takes its place as the ideal introduction to Fichte's thought. (shrink)

Автор розглядає процес роздроблення поміщицьких маєтків у Галичині в 1867-1914 рр., спроби польських політичних партій та економічних організацій обмежити доступ українських селян до купівлі земель збанкрутілої шляхти, переселення польських колоністів на українські етнічні землі та вплив польської колонізації Східної Галичини на польсько-українські відносини.

The article analyzes the aspects of problematic human resource management system improvement by identifying the peculiarities of human resource management practice in leisure organizations and establishing measures for human resource management system improvement. In order to achieve the set objective, the theoretical analysis and empirical quantitative research were carried out with the help of online questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was sent to various leisure-service organizations operating in Kaunas city and Kaunas region. The study involved 66 leisure- service organizations. This study (...) revealed that leisure organizations pay less attention to the new employees and their adaptation process, but are more focused on the development and qualification of employees who have worked there for a longer period. The analysis of the data showed that employees often feel negative psychological environment in the workplace that may arise because of experienced routine, underestimation of work, lack of attention paid to the employee and others. The main conclusions - human resource management improvement in leisure organizations requires an integrated approach. Many factors such as working conditions, staff interrelation, etc., may cause negative emotions in employees, which in turn would increase dissatisfaction with the work done and could lead to worse results of the organization. Leisure organizations should pay more attention to new employees’ adaptation and competence development, as well as focus on personal initiative of the employees and their creativity promotion. (shrink)

Пріоритети політики екологічно безпечного розвитку розглядаються відповідно до просторово-часових масштабів. Це – глобальні, регіональні, національно-державні. Вони можуть бути довготривалі і ситуаційні. Така класифікація досить умовна, адже у більшості випадків все ще відсутні обгрунтовані пріоритетні цілі, черговість вирішення поставлених проблем, слабкість прогнозування і моделювання, фінансового забезпечення. І все ж екологічна загроза, що набирає оберти, вимагає обгрунтованих екологічних пріоритетів. Щодо цього пріоритетність стійкого екорозвитку – одна з найважливіших цілей, і зрив її реалізації прирікає людство на загибель.

In the article the author analyzes the phenomenon of ideological work from the socio-philosophical point of view and conducts general conceptualization of ideological work process in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The author proposes his own variant of definition of object, functions, the main tasks of ideological work in the Ukrainian army. The main goal of ideological work in the Armed Forces of Ukraine is to achieve and maintain high morale of the Armed Forces personnel, to train in military servicemen (...) the sense of personal responsibility for protection of Motherland, to understand the principles of state policy and measures taken in the interest of ensuring national and international security. The above goal is achieved through realization of the objective function, which lies in the ideological motivation of military servicemen towards conscientious performance of military duty and defense of the homeland, implemented under the formula "knowledge - attitude - motivation." After decomposition of the objective function of ideological work in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the author has singled out a number of working functions - genetic, epistemological, logical, methodological, methodical, informational, propagandistic, agitational, worldview, regulatory, mobilizational, educational, counter propagandistic, protective, cultural educational, spiritually educational, evaluative ones. The author has defined situations in which genetic function of ideological work in the Armed Forces can be noticeably manifested: the formation of a qualitatively new principles of state construction in the context of social transformation; formation of a qualitatively new principles of military construction and military-political course of the state in the context of military and political changes in the international arena, as well as in the middle of military- political alliances; in the period of preparation for the war, during the direct military operations, in the postwar period with the aim of establishing of "victory image" and "victorious war image " in the media and in the public consciousness. (shrink)