Specifically tailored industrial control systems attacks are becoming increasingly sophisticated, accentuating the need of ICS cyber security. The nature of these systems makes traditional IT security measures not suitable, requiring expressly developed security countermeasures. Within the past decades, research has been focused in network-based intrusion detection systems. With the appearance of software-defined networks, new opportunities and challenges have shown up in the research community. This paper describes the potential benefits of using SDNs in industrial networks with security purposes and presents (...) the set up and results of a pilot experiment carried out in a scaled physical implementation. The experimental set up consists in the detection of ICMP flood and packet payload alteration based on signature comparison. Results point to the potential viability of the technology for intrusion detection and the need of researching in architectural scalability. (shrink)

Rebirth and the Stream of Life explores the diversity as well as the ethical and religious significance of rebirth beliefs, focusing especially on Hindu and Buddhist traditions but also discussing indigenous religions and ancient Greek thought. Utilizing resources from religious studies, anthropology and theology, an expanded conception of philosophy of religion is exemplified, which takes seriously lived experience rather than treating religious beliefs in isolation from their place in believers' lives. Drawing upon his expertise in interdisciplinary working and Wittgenstein-influenced approaches, (...) Mikel Burley examines several interrelated phenomena, including purported past-life memories, the relationship between metaphysics and ethics, efforts to 'demythologize' rebirth, and moral critiques of the doctrine of karma. This range of topics, with rebirth as a unifying theme, makes the book of value to anyone interested in philosophy, the study of religions, and what it means to believe that we undergo multiple lives. (shrink)

This paper contributes to the long-running debate over Thomas Nagel’s claim that, although we cannot conceive of what it is like to be another type of conscious organism , there most certainly is something it is like. Peter Hacker has examined Nagel’s claim from the perspective of Wittgensteinian analysis, and has argued that the claim is conceptually confused: it makes no sense to say there is ‘something it is like’ to be a person, or a bat, or to be oneself, (...) and hence there can be no place for such expressions in our language. While taking seriously Wittgenstein’s approach to the investigation of language, I propose that Hacker has been too hasty in declaring the phrase ‘something it is like’ to be nonsensical. I put forward three distinct, but mutually supportive, arguments to substantiate my proposal. (shrink)

D.Z. Phillips’ work in the philosophy of religion continues to be criticised, often on the basis of serious misunderstandings. By engaging with criticisms of Phillips’ Wittgenstein-influenced approach, especially those recently exemplified by Graham Oppy and Nick Trakakis, this article seeks to clarify what Phillips’ approach does and does not involve. Focusing on the relation between talk of God’s reality and talk of matters of fact, and on the question whether God is a ‘metaphysical reality’, the extent to which Phillips himself (...) emphasised the need for close attention to how language is used in real-life situations is highlighted, and the persistent mischaracterisation of Phillips as a ‘non-realist’ is rejected. (shrink)

Con este artículo pretendemos esbozar los fundamentos onto-lógicos esenciales de la propuesta metafísica de Alain Badiou; así como identificar los nexos dialécticos imprescindibles para la elaboración de lo que podemos considerar una metafísica contemporánea de lo múltiple infinito –frente a las clásicas metafísicas dogmáticas de lo Uno y las filosofías de la finitud– que incorpora de un modo dialécticamente inclusivo la matemática de la teoría de conjuntos, en _L’être et l’événement_, y la lógica matematizada de la teoría de categorías, en (...) _Logiques des mondes_. Sin adentrarnos en los pormenores de los conceptos vehiculares necesarios para pensar los procedimientos de verdad de la propuesta de Badiou, veremos cómo las relaciones dialécticas que se establecen a nivel onto-lógico en el interior de esta nueva metafísica concentran toda la historicidad del pensamiento de las correlaciones clásicas ser/aparecer, o ser/ser-ahí, univocidad/equivocidad, objeto/relación, extrínseco/intrínseco, lógica binaria/lógica trascendental y matemática/lógica en el pensamiento filosófico de la relación dialéctica contemporánea entre la teoría de conjuntos y la teoría de categorías. (shrink)

Este artículo describe la evolución de los recursos de acogimiento residencial en el contexto del Estado Español, comenzando por la época de la dictadura franquista hasta la actualidad. Explicamos cómo fueron financiados los recursos mediante los cuales se daba ayuda a las personas menores de edad en situación de vulnerabilidad. Asimismo, se analiza la evolución de dichos recursos hasta hoy en día. Estos recursos se han ido profesionalizando a lo largo del tiempo y, hoy en día, dan respuestas especificas a (...) diferentes necesidades de los niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes del territorio histórico de Bizkaia.Recibido. (shrink)

Recent decades have witnessed a growing interest in narrative both in certain areas of philosophy and in the study of religion. The philosophy of religion has not itself been at the forefront of this narrative turn, but exceptions exist—most notably Eleonore Stump’s work on biblical stories and the problem of suffering. Characterizing Stump’s approach as an apologetic orientation, this article contrasts it with pluralistic orientations that, rather than seeking to defend religious faith, are concerned with doing conceptual justice to the (...) range of possible human perspectives, both religious and nonreligious. By discussing various examples, the article makes a case for narrative philosophy of religion, especially in its pluralistic form. (shrink)

Pour l'homme, initialement publie en 1968, marque un moment important dans l'uvre de Mikel Dufrenne (1910-1995). Reconnu jusqu'alors comme un des grands representants de l'esthetique francaise, le philosophe ouvre avec cet "essai" un nouveau sillon, dans lequel s'inscriront ensuite Art et politique (1974) et Subversion, perversion (1977). Il s'agit pour lui de se tourner vers ses contemporains et de s'expliquer avec eux, de prendre acte de l'avenement du concept de structure dans les sciences humaines et la philosophie, et de (...) contester que cet avenement doive s'accompagner de l'effacement de la figure de l'homme, comme si la mort de l'homme devait succeder a celle de Dieu. Pour l'homme ne represente pas pour autant la defense d'un humanisme belant, car Dufrenne entend temoigner de l'appartenance de l'homme a la Nature. Il propose, selon ses propres termes, "les elements d'une philosophie qui joigne au souci de l'etre le souci de l'homme". (shrink)

This article contributes to the ongoing debate initiated by Bernard Williams’ claim that, due to the non-contingent finitude of the categorical desires that give meaning to our lives, an immortal life would necessarily become intolerably boring. Jeremy Wisnewski has argued that even if immortality involves periods in which our categorical desires have been exhausted, this need not divest life of meaning since some categorical desires are revivable. I argue that careful reflection upon the thought-experiments adduced by Wisnewski reveals that they (...) do not substantiate his proposal, and hence that a plausible reason for rejecting Williams’ position has not been provided. (shrink)

Among the philosophical and theological responses to the phenomenon of religious diversity, religious pluralism has been both prominent and influential. Of its various proponents, John Hick and John Cobb represent two important figures whose respective positions, especially that of Hick, have done much to shape the debate over religious pluralism. This article critically analyses their positions, arguing that, by unhelpfully homogenizing religious perspectives, each of them fails to do justice to the radical diversity that exists. As an alternative to these (...) homogenizing tendencies, the article builds upon D. Z. Phillips’ contemplative conception of philosophy to develop a radical pluralist approach, which prioritizes a deepening of understanding of religious diversity rather than the promotion of one’s own theological preferences. (shrink)

Author's Introduction The notion of the a -priori is one of the principal themes elaborated in Kant's philosophy, and is the very origin of his Copernican ...

Via a discussion of various ways in which putative descriptions or explanations can be deemed to be morally insensitive, this article investigates the role of “contemplation” in philosophy of religion and ethics, and especially in connection with the “problem of evil.” Focusing on the Wittgenstein-influenced methods of D. Z. Phillips, the question is considered whether a tension obtains between, on the one hand, a “contemplative conception of philosophy,” and on the other hand, the sort of critique of theodicy according to (...) which the theodicist’s attempt to maintain a contemplative stance with respect to evil and suffering is morally corrupt. (shrink)

Pour l'homme, initialement publie en 1968, marque un moment important dans l'uvre de Mikel Dufrenne (1910-1995). Reconnu jusqu'alors comme un des grands representants de l'esthetique francaise, le philosophe ouvre avec cet "essai" un nouveau sillon, dans lequel s'inscriront ensuite Art et politique (1974) et Subversion, perversion (1977). Il s'agit pour lui de se tourner vers ses contemporains et de s'expliquer avec eux, de prendre acte de l'avenement du concept de structure dans les sciences humaines et la philosophie, et de (...) contester que cet avenement doive s'accompagner de l'effacement de la figure de l'homme, comme si la mort de l'homme devait succeder a celle de Dieu. Pour l'homme ne represente pas pour autant la defense d'un humanisme belant, car Dufrenne entend temoigner de l'appartenance de l'homme a la Nature. Il propose, selon ses propres termes, "les elements d'une philosophie qui joigne au souci de l'etre le souci de l'homme". (shrink)

It has been observed, by D. Z. Phillips among others, that philosophy suffers from a “lack of imagination”. That is, philosophers often fail to see possibilities of sense in forms of life and discourse due to narrow habits of thinking. This is especially problematic in the philosophy of religion, not least when cross-cultural modes of inquiry are called for. This article examines the problem in relation to the philosophical investigation of reincarnation beliefs in particular. As a remedial strategy, I argue (...) for increased attention both to ethnographic sources and to the articulation of distinctively religious moral visions that reincarnation-talk facilitates. (shrink)

Una comunidad de aprendizaje es un proyecto de transformación social y cultural de un centro educativo y de su entorno, para conseguir una sociedad de la información para todas las personas, basada en el aprendizaje dialógico, mediante la educación participativa de la comunidad que se concreta en todos sus espacios, incluida el aula.

This paper responds to Severin Schroeder's recent charge that Wittgenstein's philosophy of religion contains an ‘unresolved tension’ between three propositions, namely: (1) ‘As a hypothesis, God's existence (&c) is extremely implausible’; (2) ‘Christian faith is not unreasonable’; and (3) ‘Christian faith does involve belief in God's existence (&c)’. I argue as follows: that the first of these propositions has no place in Wittgenstein's thinking on religion; that the second is ill-phrased and should be re-worded as the proposition that ‘Christian faith (...) is neither unreasonable nor reasonable’; and that the third proposition (contrary to what Schroeder seems to assume) tells us nothing about the nature of the objects of religious belief. It follows from my argument that Schroeder has not exposed a tension in Wittgenstein's thoughts on religion. I end with some positive remarks about Wittgenstein's method. (shrink)

The rise of the neurodiversity movement marks a critical shift in understanding mental health, yet medicine has been slow to integrate neurodivergent perspectives into its frameworks. In Mental Hea...

La sustracción es una categoría fundamental en la filosofía de Alain Badiou para pensar tanto el ser como los procedimientos de verdad. Sobre ella se sostiene un concepto de “verdad” postfundacional que elude el esencialismo y se muestra irreductible a las teorías de la coherencia, la correspondencia y la confirmación. Este artículo indaga sobre el papel que la categoría de “sustracción” juega y las formas que adopta en la obra de Alain Badiou, específicamente en lo que a la construcción de (...) los procedimientos de verdad se refiere. El objetivo consiste en sacar a la luz las transformaciones que ha experimentado y los fundamentos racionales y especulativos que la sostienen en cada una de sus variaciones. En concreto, se identifican cuatro variaciones, que se correlacionan con los periodos que marcan la atmósfera conceptual de cada una de las opera magna filosóficas de Badiou (Théorie du sujet, L’être et l’événement, Logiques du mondes y L’immanence des vérités). Se concluye que la sustracción que despliega los procedimientos de verdad se caracteriza por establecer una relación dialéctica triádica con la afirmación y la negación, pero cuyo equilibrio es dinámico, con una idiosincrasia propia en cada una de esas variaciones. (shrink)

The great problem in writing a theory of everything is that it may turn out to be a theory of nothing. Here is how it works. If you develop a theory that only explains some small, simple Thing, then the theory is very strong. It is precise, understandable, and it always works. As you expand the theory to encompass another Thing, it becomes weaker. It may still be precise and understandable, but it is now more complicated, and because it involves (...) two things rather than one, it starts to become conditional. This means that in order for it to work with regard to the second Thing, we may have to take into account something about the first Thing. And so it goes. As the theory covers more and more Things, it becomes less precise, less understandable, and parts need to be added on in order cover multiple contingencies. People who go down this path inevitably come to a critical point, at which their theory has become so precisely complicated that it can barely be understood, and gargantuan efforts become necessary to make it work at all. To resolve this impasse, they have a terminological epiphany. They suddenly find a language (that is, an arcane vocabulary) which confers the appearance of simplicity to the morass they have created. Precision is replaced by undefined terms and relationships, described in forceful but impenetrable prose. Argumentation becomes not an activity of rational thought, but a magical experience in which a swirling array of undefined concepts assembles itself in just the right way to come to whatever conclusion is desired. In the mouth of its inventor the theory does indeed explain everything, but in the ears of the audience it explains nothing. (shrink)

La presente obra navega entre dos conceptos —la heterotopía y la utopía— en el contexto de la posmetrópolis. La heterotopía, tal y como explican en el prefacio los coeditores, ha atraído una innegable atención en el ámbito de las ciencias sociales desde que Foucault trasladara el concepto del ámbito médico al espacial. Frente al no espacio de la utopía y su carácter ideal y regulador, las heterotopías serían lugares reales, en los que la diferencia se manifiesta al invertir y subvertir (...) aquellos órdenes que configuran nuestros espacios cotidianos. Siendo uno de estos lugares cotidianos la ciudad, y atendiendo a las posibilidades emancipatorias y reactivas que pronto se asociaron a lo heterotópico, cabe preguntarse por el estado actual de las heterotopías urbanas: ¿son las heterotopías actuales, como registra el título de la obra, utopías liberales? León Casero y Urabayen ofrecen en el prefacio un amplio panorama al respecto. (shrink)

This book is the result of the contributions by some of the greatest authors of moutaineering literature: Pat Ament, Phil Bartlett, Arlene Blum, Margaret Body, ...

Who owns nature? The question could be less important than reducing animal sufferings in nature. It does not matter if nature does not belong to anyone or if it belongs to someone, because in both cases there are limitations, linked with animal welfare, regarding what we should do in nature. Sentient beings have interests that we must take into account when designing environmental policies. Since neither ecosystems nor plants have interests, preserving nature is less important than reducing animal sufferings. The (...) relevant moral issue is, therefore, knowing what happens to sentient animals in nature and developing policies to reduce their sufferings. This implies that we have the moral obligation of intervening in nature with the aim of reducing animal sufferings, so conservationist environmental policies defended by ecologists are morally unacceptable. (shrink)

Philosophy as well as anthropology is a discipline concerned with what it means to be human, and hence with investigating the multiple ways of making sense of human life. An important task in this process is to remain open to diverse conceptions of human beings, not least conceptions that may on the face of it appear to be morally alien. A case in point are conceptions that are bound up with cannibalism, a practice sometimes assumed to be so morally scandalous (...) that it probably never happens, at least in a culturally sanctioned form. Questioning this assumption, along with Cora Diamond's contention that the very concept of a human being involves a prohibition against consuming human flesh, the present article explores how cannibalism can have an intelligible place in a human society – exemplified by the Wari’ of western Brazil. By coming to see this, we are enabled to enlarge our conception of the heterogeneity of possible ways of being human. (shrink)

The recent article “The Prospects of Artificial Consciousness: Ethical Dimensions and Concerns” by Elisabeth Hildt (2023) in the AJOB Neuroscience presents a thorough examination of the ethical imp...

An increasingly common complaint about philosophy of religion—especially, though not exclusively, as it is pursued in the “analytic tradition”—is that its preoccupation with questions of rationality and justification in relation to “theism” has deflected attention from the diversity of forms that religious life takes. Among measures proposed for ameliorating this condition has been the deployment of “thick description” that facilitates more richly contextualized understandings of religious phenomena. Endorsing and elaborating this proposal, I provide an overview of different but related notions (...) of thick description before turning to two specific examples, which illustrate the potential for engagement with ethnography to contribute to an expanded conception of philosophy of religion. (shrink)