Results for 'Matthias Gerg Ratkowsky'

968 found
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  1. Introduzione enciclopedica allo studio delle scienze del diritto e dello stato.Matthias Gerg Ratkowsky - 1899 - Roma,: E. Loescher.
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  2. The perceptual reality monitoring theory.Matthias Michel - forthcoming - In Michael Herzog, Aaron Schurger & Adrien Doerig, Scientific Theories of Consciousness: The Grand Tour. Cambridge University Press.
    This chapter presents the perceptual reality monitoring theory of consciousness (PRM). PRM is a higher-order theory of consciousness. It holds that consciousness involves monitoring the reliability of one’s own sensory signals. I explain how a perceptual reality monitoring mechanism computes the higher order representations that are crucial for consciousness. While PRM accounts for the difference between conscious and unconscious states, it does not explain, on its own, why experiences feel the way they do—the phenomenal character of experience. PRM is compatible (...)
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  3. The Mismeasure of Consciousness: A problem of coordination for the Perceptual Awareness Scale.Matthias Michel - 2018 - Philosophy of Science (5):1239-1249.
    As for most measurement procedures in the course of their development, measures of consciousness face the problem of coordination, i.e., the problem of knowing whether a measurement procedure actually measures what it is intended to measure. I focus on the case of the Perceptual Awareness Scale to illustrate how ignoring this problem leads to ambiguous interpretations of subjective reports in consciousness science. In turn, I show that empirical results based on this measurement procedure might be systematically misinterpreted.
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  4. Fenomenología, hermenéutica y la posibilidad de la metafísica.Hans-Gerg Gadamer - 1988 - Universitas Philosophica 10:46-47.
     
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  5.  85
    Russell and American Realism.Matthias Neuber - 2024 - Topoi 43 (1):127-133.
    American philosophical realism developed in two forms: “new” and “critical” realism. While the new realists sought to ‘emancipate’ ontology from epistemology and defended a direct theory of perception, the critical realists promoted a representationalist account of perception and thus argued for an epistemological dualism. Bertrand Russell’s early philosophical writings figured prominently in both of these American realist camps. However, while the new realists quite enthusiastically embraced the Russellian analytic style of reasoning (and Russell himself appreciated the American new realists as (...)
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  6. Methodological Artefacts in Consciousness Science.Matthias Michel - 2017 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 24 (11-12):94-117.
    Consciousness is scientifically challenging to study because of its subjective aspect. This leads researchers to rely on report-based experimental paradigms in order to discover neural correlates of consciousness (NCCs). I argue that the reliance on reports has biased the search for NCCs, thus creating what I call 'methodological artefacts'. This paper has three main goals: first, describe the measurement problem in consciousness science and argue that this problem led to the emergence of methodological artefacts. Second, provide a critical assessment of (...)
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  7.  23
    Toward More Secrecy in Science? Comments on Some Structural Changes in Science—and on Their Implications for an Ethics of Science.Matthias Kaiser - 1996 - Perspectives on Science 4 (2):207-230.
    This article discusses the widespread belief that secrecy in science is increasing—and that secrecy in science is ethically problematic. To what extent should we worry about this alleged development? In an introduction it is observed that there is very little hard empirical evidence supporting the belief of increasing secrecy in science. Evidence seems mostly to be of the anecdotal kind. The “purist ideology” of science, in which openness of research figures prominently as normative basis, is revealed as one-sided with respect (...)
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  8. Computationalism: The next generation.Matthias Scheutz - 2002 - In Computationalism: New Directions. MIT Press. pp. 517-524.
  9. An Informal Internet Survey on the Current State of Consciousness Science.Matthias Michel, Stephen M. Fleming, Hakwan Lau, Alan L. F. Lee, Susana Martinez-Conde, Richard E. Passingham, Megan A. K. Peters, Dobromir Rahnev, Claire Sergent & Kayuet Liu - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
    The scientific study of consciousness emerged as an organized field of research only a few decades ago. As empirical results have begun to enhance our understanding of consciousness, it is important to find out whether other factors, such as funding for consciousness research and status of consciousness scientists, provide a suitable environment for the field to grow and develop sustainably. We conducted an online survey on people’s views regarding various aspects of the scientific study of consciousness as a field of (...)
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  10.  63
    Assessing fisheries – using an ethical matrix in a participatory process.Matthias Kaiser & Ellen-Marie Forsberg - 2001 - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 14 (2):191-200.
    The Norwegian National Committee for Research Ethics inScience and Technology (NENT), collaborating with The NorwegianFisherman''s Association and The Research Council of Norway,started in 1999 a project aiming at an ethical assessment of Norwegian fisheries for the year 2020. The project was to preparethe ground for ethical debate in and of the fishery sector inview of pending important decisions on long term strategies. Thispaper has its focus on the method used for achieving these aims,rather than the substantive results concerning the fisheries. (...)
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  11.  53
    Limits to wealth in the history of Western philosophy.Matthias Kramm & Ingrid Robeyns - 2020 - European Journal of Philosophy 28 (4):954-969.
    European Journal of Philosophy, EarlyView.
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  12.  48
    A free will needs a free mind: Belief in substance dualism and reductive physicalism differentially predict belief in free will and determinism.Matthias Forstmann & Pascal Burgmer - 2018 - Consciousness and Cognition 63:280-293.
  13.  69
    (1 other version)On Translating Frege's Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik.Matthias Schirn - 2010 - History and Philosophy of Logic 31 (1):47-72.
    In this essay, I critically discuss Dale Jacquette's new English translation of Frege's work Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik as well as his Introduction and Critical Commentary (Frege, G. 2007. The Foundations of Arithmetic. A Logical-Mathematical Investigation into the Concept of Number . Translated with an Introduction and Critical Commentary by Dale Jacquette. New York: Longman. xxxii + 112 pp.). I begin with a short assessment of Frege's book. In sections 2 and 3, I examine several claims that Jacquette makes in (...)
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  14. Confrontation or Dialogue? Productive Tensions between Decolonial and Intercultural Scholarship.Matthias Kramm, David Ludwig, Thierry Ngosso, Pius M. Mosima & Birgit Boogaard - 2024 - Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy 11.
    For several decades, intercultural philosophers have produced an extensive body of scholarly work aimed at mutual intercultural understanding. They have focused on the ideal of intercultural dialogue that is supported by dialogue principles and virtuous attitudes. However, this ideal is challenged by decolonial scholarship as one which neglects power inequalities. Decolonial scholars have emphasized the differences between cultures and worldviews, shifting the focus to colonial history and radical alterity. In return, intercultural philosophers have worried about the very possibility of dialogue (...)
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  15.  22
    Holding the Project Accountable: Research Governance, Ethics, and Democracy.Matthias Leese - 2017 - Science and Engineering Ethics 23 (6):1597-1616.
    This paper seeks to address research governance by highlighting the notion of public accountability as a complementary tool for the establishment of an ethical resonance space for emerging technologies. Public accountability can render development and design process of emerging technologies transparent through practices of holding those in charge of research accountable for their actions, thereby fostering ethical engagement with their potential negative consequences or side-effects. Through practices such as parliamentary questions, audits, and open letters emerging technologies could be effectively rendered (...)
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  16.  37
    Contents and Determinants of Corporate Social Responsibility Website Reporting in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Seven-Country Study.Matthias S. Fifka, Markus Stiglbauer & Anna-Lena Kühn - 2018 - Business and Society 57 (3):437-480.
    Corporate social responsibility in developing countries has recently received increasing attention, and scholars have pointed to the strong contextuality of CSR in the respective regions. Regarding the latter, however, sub-Saharan Africa has been scrutinized only marginally by academia. Moreover, empirical research on the impact of the institutional context has been scant, despite its attributed importance for CSR. Our article seeks to fill a part of this research gap by investigating CSR website reporting of 211 companies in seven sub-Saharan countries. The (...)
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  17. Control over and responsibility for belief.Matthias P. Steup - 2023 - In Taylor W. Cyr, Andrew Law & Neal A. Tognazzini, Freedom, Responsibility, and Value: Essays in Honor of John Martin Fischer. New York: Routledge.
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  18.  21
    Making the law explicit: the normativity of legal argumentation.Matthias Klatt - 2008 - New York: Hart.
    This book considers Robert Brandom's philosophy and presents an original and exciting analysis of the semantic argument in legal argumentation.
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  19.  45
    Die Dichotomie analytisch-synthetisch bei Frege unter Berücksichtigung von Kant.Matthias Schirn - 2019 - Kant Studien 110 (1):74-125.
  20.  26
    On Wittgenstein’s Dispensation with “ = ” in the Tractatus and its Philosophical Background. A Critical Study.Matthias Schirn - 2024 - Acta Analytica 39 (3):415-437.
    In this essay, I critically analyze Wittgenstein’s dispensation with “ = ” in a correct concept-script. I argue inter alia (a) that in the Tractatus the alleged pseudo-character of sentences containing “ = ” or = -sentences remains largely unexplained and propose how it could be explained; (b) that at least in some cases of replacing = -sentences with equivalent identity-sign free sentences the use of the notion of a translation seems inappropiate; (c) that in the Tractatus it remains unclear (...)
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  21. Doxastic Voluntarism and Up-To-Me-Ness.Matthias Steup - 2018 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 26 (4):611-618.
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  22. Authority through Service: A Mesoamerican Approach to Political Expertise.Matthias Kramm - forthcoming - Social Theory and Practice.
    In this article, I draw on the Mesoamerican institution of community offices (cargo) to support the view that political authority should be based on both political legitimacy and political expertise. I argue that the Mesoamerican tradition of cargos allows for a notion of political expertise that one acquires by rendering a service to one’s community. This expertise could be made a prerequisite for political representation without being vulnerable to several charges that have been levelled against epistocracy.
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  23.  43
    The Basis of Universal Liberal Principles in Nussbaum’s Political Philosophy.Matthias Katzer - 2010 - Public Reason 2 (2):61-76.
    In her political philosophy, Martha C. Nussbaum defends liberal political principles on the basis of an objective conception of the good of human beings. This paper examines whether her argument succeeds. It identifies three methods to which Nussbaum refers in order to select the central human capabilities, whose exercise is seen as constituting the human good. It asks whether these methods – the interpretation of actual ways of human self-understanding, the search for necessary anthropological features, and the idea of an (...)
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  24.  52
    Medizinethik in den Medien: Befunde und Aufgaben in Theorie und Praxis.Matthias Kettner - 2006 - Ethik in der Medizin 18 (4):353-358.
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  25.  49
    Effects of sad mood on time-based prospective memory.Matthias Kliegel, Theodor Jäger, Louise Phillips, Esther Federspiel, Adrian Imfeld, Marianne Keller & Daniel Zimprich - 2005 - Cognition and Emotion 19 (8):1199-1213.
  26. The ontological status of representations.Matthias Scheutz - 1999 - In Alexander Riegler, Understanding Representation in the Cognitive Sciences: Does Representation Need Reality? Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.
     
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  27.  24
    Ein Analyseraster für Traditionskonzeptionen.Matthias Kramm - 2022 - Zeitschrift für Philosophische Forschung 76 (1):100-115.
    Tradition is a complex phenomenon of which we can find a multiplicity of conceptualizations in the philosophical, sociological, anthropological, and economic literature. In this paper, I offer both a critical and a constructive contribution to answering the question of how tradition should be conceptualized. In the critical part, I argue against attempts to construct a unified conception of tradition. In the constructive part, I discuss three taxonomies proposed in the literature and then develop an analytical grid for conceptions of tradition (...)
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  28. Benign Infinity.Matthias Steup - 2019 - In Rodrigo Borges, Branden Fitelson & Cherie Braden, Knowledge, Scepticism, and Defeat: Themes from Klein. Springer Verlag. pp. 235-57.
    According to infinitism, all justification comes from an infinite series of reasons. Peter Klein defends infinitism as the correct solution to the regress problem by rejecting two alternative solutions: foundationalism and coherentism. I focus on Klein's argument against foundationalism, which relies on the premise that there is no justification without meta-justification. This premise is incompatible with dogmatic foundationalism as defended by Michael Huemer and Time Pryor. It does not, however, conflict with non-dogmatic foundationalism. Whereas dogmatic foundationalism rejects the need for (...)
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  29.  13
    Scaffold proteins in MAP kinase signaling: more than simple passive activating platforms.Nicolas Dard & Matthias Peter - 2006 - Bioessays 28 (2):146-156.
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  30.  27
    Dezentrierungen. Zur Konfrontation von Philosophischer Anthropologie, Strukturalismus und Poststrukturalismus.Thomas Ebke & Matthias Schloßberger - 2012 - Internationales Jahrbuch für Philosophische Anthropologie 3 (1):1-369.
  31. Hilbert's programme and gödel's theorems.Karl-Georg Niebergall & Matthias Schirn - 2002 - Dialectica 56 (4):347–370.
  32.  10
    Wie entscheidet die Truppe?: Agitprop- und Performancekollektive im Vergleich.Matthias Warstat - 2023 - Paragrana: Internationale Zeitschrift für Historische Anthropologie 32 (2):89-102.
    Der Beitrag setzt die Praxis der Agitproptruppen im Deutschland der Jahre um 1930 in Beziehung zur Praxis gegenwärtiger Performancekollektive. In dieser historisierenden Perspektive wird die Heterogenität von Gruppenstrukturen und Entscheidungsprozessen deutlich, die in verschiedenen Phasen der Kunstgeschichte und des Kunstdiskurses mit dem Kollektivbegriff bezeichnet wurden. Um zu verstehen, warum sich Kollektive bisweilen straff geführt und geradezu autoritär, in anderen Fällen aber offen, demokratisch und an Gleichheitspostulaten orientiert zeigen, ist einerseits das Verhältnis der jeweiligen Kollektive zu großen, dominanten Institutionen zu betrachten. (...)
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  33. L'accointance entre omniscience et omnipotence.Matthias Michel - forthcoming - Klesis.
    Introspection is the capacity by which we know our own conscious mental states. Several theories aim to explain it. According to acquaintance theory, we know our experiences by being acquainted with them. Acquaintance is non-causal, non-inferential, and non-observational. I present a dilemma for the acquaintance theory of introspection. Either subjects are always acquainted with all their experiences; or some attentional mechanism selects the relevant experiences (or aspects of experiences) for introspection. The first option is implausible: it implies that subjects are (...)
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  34.  26
    From the editors.Matthias Kaiser - 2002 - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 15 (1):1-5.
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  35.  89
    "The precautionary principle and its implications for science" - introduction.Matthias Kaiser - 1997 - Foundations of Science 2 (2):201-205.
  36. „Was erlaubt das Erlaubnisgesetz-und wozu braucht es Kant?“.Matthias Kaufmann - 2005 - Jahrbuch für Recht Und Ethik 13:195-219.
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  37. Resultant moral luck and the scope of moral responsibility.Matthias Rolffs - 2023 - Philosophical Studies 180 (8):2355-2376.
    Resultant moral luck occurs whenever aspects of an agent’s moral responsibility are affected by luck pertaining to the outcomes of their actions. Many authors reject the existence of moral luck in this sense, but they do so in different ways. Michael Zimmerman argues that resultant luck affects the scope of moral responsibility, but not its degree. That is, it affects what agents are responsible for, but not how responsible they are. Andrew Khoury takes a more resolute approach, arguing that both (...)
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  38. Robert Alexy's philosophy of law as system.Matthias Klatt - 2012 - In Institutionalized reason: the jurisprudence of Robert Alexy. New York: Oxford University Press.
     
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  39.  17
    Das Hauptwerk: 200 Jahre Arthur Schopenhauers Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung.Dieter Birnbacher & Matthias Koßler (eds.) - 2022
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  40.  25
    Fathom: A sonic surface bordering underwater and acoustic worlds.Jane Grant, John Matthias & Simon Honywill - 2014 - Technoetic Arts 12 (1):5-14.
    Fathom is a sound installation by Jane Grant and John Matthias, which was commissioned by the River Tamar Project and was premiered at the Factory Cooperage Building in Royal William Yard, Plymouth, UK in September 2013. Visitors entering the installation were able to hear live and edited sound recorded underwater in Plymouth Sound, a large estuarine body of water from which the Plym, Tamar and Hamaoze Rivers flow into the sea. Six-step ladders in the centre of the installation space (...)
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  41. Harmless naturalism: The limits of science and the nature of philosophy.Matthias Steup - 2000 - Philosophical Review 109 (3):462-465.
    Should we only believe what science can prove? Robert Almeder analyzes "naturalized epistemology," which holds that the only valid claims that can be made about the world must be proven by the natural sciences and that all philosophical questions are ultimately answered by science. The author examines and refutes different forms of naturalized epistemology before settling on "harmless naturalism," a compromise which implies that certain questions about the world are answerable and have been answered, without appealing to science. (publisher).
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  42.  45
    An evaluation of neurocognitive models of theory of mind.Matthias Schurz & Josef Perner - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
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  43.  27
    Capability and habit.Matthias Kramm - 2019 - Journal of Global Ethics 15 (2):183-192.
    In his action theory, John Dewey makes use of the concept of capability to highlight the way human capacities depend on the environment and the character of an agent. In his capability approach, Amartya Sen likewise refers to the environment by discussing the role of conversion factors. Yet, he abstains from a discussion of character development, presumably in order to allow for a variety of conceptions of the good and ways in which characters can develop. In this paper, I develop (...)
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  44.  53
    Eco-Deconstruction: Derrida and Environmental Philosophy.Matthias Fritsch, Philippe Lynes & David Wood (eds.) - 2018 - New York: Fordham University Press.
    A collection bringing together a wide-varietyof world-renowned scholars on the import of Derrida's philosophy with respectto the current environmental crisis, our ecological relationships to 'nature'and the earth, our responsibilities with respect to climate change, pollution, and nuclear destruction, and the ethics and politics at stake in responding tothese crises.
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  45.  65
    The ‘Perfected System of Criticism’: Schopenhauer's Initial Disagreements with Kant.Matthias Kossler - 2012 - Kantian Review 17 (3):459-478.
    I would like to know who of mycontemporaries should be more competent inKantian philosophy than me.(Schopenhauer in a letter to Rosenkranz and Schubert, 18371)In this paper the attempt is made to show how Schopenhauer's critique of Kant leads from initial disagreements to a fundamental modification, even a new formation, of the Kantian concepts of understanding, reason, imagination, perception, idea and thing-in-itself. The starting point and the core of his critique is the demand for the appreciation of intuitive knowledge which is (...)
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  46.  45
    (1 other version)Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik. Eine Logisch Mathematische Untersuchung über den Begriff der Zahl. [REVIEW]Matthias Schirn - 1988 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 53 (3):993-999.
  47.  10
    Mythos Wertfreiheit? Neue Beiträge zur Objektivität in den Human- und Kulturwissenschaften.Karl-Otto Apel & Matthias Kettner (eds.) - 1994 - Campus.
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  48.  53
    “And yet it moves” or why grammar overrides frequency: a reply to Kempen and Harbusch.Ina Bornkessel, Matthias Schlesewsky & Angela D. Friederici - 2003 - Cognition 90 (2):211-213.
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    Studies in the Book of Jubilees.Bruce Chilton, Matthias Albani, Jörg Frey, Armin Lange & Jorg Frey - 2000 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 120 (2):267.
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  50. Taking Rights less Seriously. A Structural Analysis of Judicial Discretion.Matthias Klatt - 2007 - Ratio Juris 20 (4):506-529.
    This article investigates the concept and the construction of judicial discretion. The strengths and weaknesses of both Dworkin and Hart are analysed, and in view of these, it is argued that a full picture of judicial discretion is between the two extremes. Thus, a moderate theory of judicial discretion is maintained which is based on achievements by Robert Alexy (2002b). The article develops a balancing model of discretion and relates it to the theory of legal argumentation. The limits of discretion (...)
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