The contemporary status of images is seductive and at the same time frightening. The images of today have become a space of conflict between truth and the political and aesthetic condition that defines cinema and photography. Author Barrios, curator of contemporary art presents a series of articles and essays focused on the relationship between desire and horror in the contemporary image regime.

This article proposes an object properties approach to object perception. By thinking about objects as clusters of co-instantiated features that possess certain canonical higher-order object properties we can steer a middle way between two extreme views that are dominant in different areas of empirical research into object perception and the development of the object concept. Object perception should be understood in terms of perceptual sensitivity to those object properties, where that perceptual sensitivity can be explained in a manner consistent with (...) the graded representation approach adopted by some connectionist modellers. The object properties approach does justice to the differences between a perceptual system solving the binding problem, on the one hand, and genuinely perceiving objects, on the other, without running into the theoretical problems associated with treating young infants as 'little scientists'. (shrink)

Set theory deals with the most fundamental existence questions in mathematics—questions which affect other areas of mathematics, from the real numbers to structures of all kinds, but which are posed as dealing with the existence of sets. Especially noteworthy are principles establishing the existence of some infinite sets, the so-called “arbitrary sets.” This paper is devoted to an analysis of the motivating goal of studying arbitrary sets, usually referred to under the labels of quasi-combinatorialism or combinatorial maximality. After explaining what (...) is meant by definability and by “arbitrariness,” a first historical part discusses the strong motives why set theory was conceived as a theory of arbitrary sets, emphasizing connections with analysis and particularly with the continuum of real numbers. Judged from this perspective, the axiom of choice stands out as a most central and natural set-theoretic principle (in the sense of quasi-combinatorialism). A second part starts by considering the potential mismatch between the formal systems of mathematics and their motivating conceptions, and proceeds to offer an elementary discussion of how far the Zermelo—Fraenkel system goes in laying out principles that capture the idea of “arbitrary sets”. We argue that the theory is rather poor in this respect. (shrink)

In this paper we study collective identity functions that deal with formation of clubs. Usually the choice offered to individuals is to cast a vote in favor of qualification or not, and the final outcome is qualification or non-qualification. In this context we show that independent collective identity functions are naturally characterized by voting rules, and in particular, consent rules can be represented by one single collection of weighted majorities. In addition, we consider the extended model where voters are allowed (...) to abstain and we distinguish between disqualification and a neutral outcome. We show that this environment allows agents to act in different capacities that cannot be distinguished in the original formulation of the problem. (shrink)

La figura de Yiisuf (José) desempeña un papel estelar en la obra de Ibn 'Arabi, en tanto que paradigma de belleza, señor del mundo simbólico y profeta del vasto campo de la Imaginación. En el presente articulo se hace un seguimiento de dicha figura desde la producción juvenil de al-Sayj-Akbar hasta sus escritos de madurez, observándose el progresivo enriquecimiento conceptual de la misma y el llamativo paralelismo existente entre la imagen coránica de Yiisuf y el propio místico murciano.

Robert Kilwardby on the Human Soul examines Kilwardby’s role in conciliating Aristotelian and Augustinian views on the soul, soul-body relation, and cognition.

Las direcciones filosoficas de la cultura Argentina. Jose Ingenieros. Italo Argentino 1877 - 1925".

En este artículo comenzamos exponiendo los problemas éticos que pueden surgir en los xenotrasplantes desde distintas perspectivas normativas. Tras esto, elaboramos una breve retrospectiva histórica acerca de los xenotrasplantes. Después, recogemos los principales datos científicos, algunos estudios sobre la opinión pública, el marco legal y las respuestas de diferentes comités éticos acerca de los xenotrasplantes. Finalmente, defenderemos la impermisibilidad de los xenotrasplantes desde una perspectiva principialista que incluye a animales no humanos.

Este trabajo discute qué razones tenemos para pensar que existe un espacio ontológico modal y por qué debemos pensar que este espacio está constituido por una pluralidad de mundos posibles. Después se presentan tres teorías metafísicas sobre la naturaleza de los mundos posibles: la concepción realista extrema de David Lewis, la concepción realista moderada de Alvin Plantinga y la concepción de los mundos posibles como universales estructurales máximos. Un breve examen comparativo tratará de mostrar por qué la tercea opción es (...) la más prometedora o, al menos, parece serlo. El trabajo finalmente considera el panorama que tiene por delante una defensa plenamente desarrollada de la teoría modal basada en universales. (shrink)

Entendemos el concepto de “negación mínima” en el sentido clásico definido por Johansson. El propósito de este artículo es definir la lógica positiva mínima Bp+, y probar que la negación mínima puede introducirse en ella. Además, comentaremos algunas de las múltiples extensiones negativas de Bp+.“Minimal negation” is classically understood in a Johansson sense. The aim of this paper is to define the minimal positive logic Bp+ and prove that a minimal negation can be inroduced in it. In addition, some of (...) the many possible negation extensions of Bp+ are commented. (shrink)

I) La metafísica de la evidencia, cuya más conspicua expresión es la mathesis universalis cartesiana, busca lo apremiante y necesario, el fundamento o fondo de las cosas, el cual se entiende independiente de la forma y alcanzable por un pensamiento sin supuestos: la retórica es la prescindible qualitas de la filosofía. II) La de Vico, por contra, puede considerarse como una retorsión de esa postura filosófica: al contribuir a desvelar sus supuestos ocultos, los niega. III) La tropología viquiana, al proponer (...) la univocidad de los tropos, hace de la filosofía retórica y de la retórica filosofía: la retórica es la imprescindible quidditas de la filosofía. (shrink)

Estudio bibliográfico crítico de: / A Bibliographical and Critical Study of: New Vico Studies, XII, 1994; G. Vico, The Art of Rhetoric, G.A. Pinton & A.W. Shippee trans. - eds., Rodopi, Amsterdam - Atlanta, 1996.

Can one reject copyright law and be a qualified observer of its dispositives? This question was taken up by Bertolt Brecht in an intriguing essay concerning the litigation surrounding the film adaptation ofThe Threepenny Opera(1928). Brecht here develops an experimental observation around the nature of film adaptation and cultural production in copyright. While an experimental approach to law was in itself a subversive gesture, the specific legal process enabled him to expose the paradoxical ways in which the copyright system worked.

It is well-known that adding to a lattice the usual relative meet complement is not conservative, in the sense that distributivity is implied. In this paper we consider a weak relative meet complement that does not have the mentioned effect. We mostly study the mentioned operation from an algebraic point of view. However, we also provide a Hilbert-style axiomatization for its corresponding assertional logic.

Este trabalho tem como propósito contribuir para a desmistificação das atribuições pejorativas sugeridas por diferentes atores do campo não progressista, sustentadas em desinformação e falta de referenciais sólidos de análise, sobre o sentido emancipatório da obra de Paulo Freire e suas incidências sobre a educação em direitos humanos. Também tem o objetivo de analisar as sugestões teóricas de Freire como caminhos para a construção de mecanismos de consolidação de uma radicalidade democrática no seio da sociedade brasileira. Setores da sociedade sugerem (...) que Paulo Freire seria um autor de vertente marxista, postulador de doutrinas ortodoxas “esquerdistas” nos processos de educação formal, justificando propostas cujo teor têm como objetivo a contraposição a esta suposta doutrinação, como o projeto denominado “Escola sem partido”. Buscamos demonstrar que Paulo Freire tem como preocupação primeira o de caráter ontológico nos processos educativos, a formação humana, indicando meios educacionais para o aprimoramento da reflexão e da ação intimamente relacionadas, que levem ao aprimoramento do ser humano e que, no bojo desta preocupação, existe um objetivo maior, emancipatório, comportando todas as ordens deste aprimoramento: a promoção da justiça, o caráter laico e universal da escola pública, o direito à livre manifestação de ideias, o respeito às realidades culturais de cada estudante, a construção coletiva do conhecimento e a defesa dos direitos humanos. (shrink)

This paper argues that liberalism provides democracy with the experience of civic reformism. Without it, democracy loses any tie-argumentative or practical-to a coherent design of public policy endeavoring to provide the resources for the realization of democratic citizenship. The case for liberalism rests on an argumentative reconstruction of the function it performs before the rise of a world economic order and, more specifically, in the creation of the welfare state after the Second World War. Accordingly, liberalism defines a reformist political (...) program: it is an emancipatory political project by virtue of its struggle for an egalitarian and universalist extension of citizenship rights. This is but a formulation of the modern idea of citizenship, conceived of as a universalizable contract of rights. At the same time, liberalism embraces a socioeconomic emancipatory project that endeavors to provide the conditions, within the institutional framework of modern societies, for the accomplishment of citizenship rights. (shrink)

El artículo se propone mostrar, en primer lugar, que el enfoque trascendental a la base de las concepciones de la política deliberativa y hegemónica de Habermas y Laclau-Mouffe, respectivamente, tiene como consecuencia neutralizar el pluralismo de las prácticas políticas, asumiendo una concepción historicista en el sentido que Dipesh Chakravarty ha dado al término, como un proceso unificado destinado a reproducirse en todas partes del mismo modo, en último término eurocentrista. Enseguida, sostener que hay en el modo en que Emil Lask (...) piensa las categorías, una manera de evitar el historicismo. Estas están determinadas temporal e históricamente, y no cabe un reino de la validez autónomo o subsistente por sí mismo, y en el que conocer es tener delante una categoría en una perspectiva, en una disposición o un sesgo, en un giro o aspecto. Esto implica que verdad y diversidad, o verdad y pluralismo, así como verdad, poder y contenidos culturales dejen de ser incompatibles. (shrink)