RESUMENMoviéndose por caminos siempre complejos, la obra de Georges Bataille perdura como una de las más originales del pensamiento francés del siglo XX, donde su influencia ha sido inmensa. El presente artículo quiere mostrar el importante rol que jugarán en su obra las nociones de lo sagrado y de experiencia interior. Dicha experiencia, elemento central para entender su concepción de la religión, representará para Bataille la puesta en tela de juicio de todo lo conocido, pero también la íntima comunicación, ajena (...) al discurso racional, que se establece entre el mundo profano y el mundo sagrado.PALABRAS CLAVESAGRADO, EXPERIENCIA INTERIOR, COMUNICACIÓN, SACRIFICIO, MUERTE.ABSTRACTThe work of Georges Bataille, moving through complex paths, remains as one of the most original works of the twentieth-century French thought, where his influence has been immense. This article aims to show the important role that the notions of sacred and inner experience will play in his work. This experience, the central element for understanding his conception of religion, will represent to Bataille the putting into question all the known, but also the intimate communication, foreign to rational discourse, which is set between the profane and the sacred world. KEYWORDSSACRED, INNER EXPERIENCE, COMMUNICATION, SACRIFICE, DEATH. (shrink)

El 40 aniversario de la Pacem in Terris de Juan XXIII muestra su continuidad con Kant y Rawls. Los tres proclaman no a la guerra; se oponen al clash of civilisations; afirman que la paz exige el Estado de Derecho y de derechos, el respeto a los derechos humanos y fundamentales de las personas y de los pueblos y el sometimiento a las Naciones Unidas. Mientras que para Kant el imperativo ético conlleva la erradicación de la guerra, también para Rawls (...) el orden internacional supone la eliminación de la guerra y el triunfo del Derecho; para Juan XXIII el reconocimiento y el respeto universal a los derechos humanos y/o fundamentales es condición y a la vez presupuesto y efecto de la paz que también exige la igualdad y la garantía de las necesidades primarias. (shrink)

Una de las aportaciones más importantes de la obra de Ortega se encuentra en su teoría y práctica de la perspectiva. Independientemente de su filiación nietzscheana, el artículo se plantea una posible segunda inspiración en Renan, autor que Ortega conocía bien en el momento de sus primeros trabajos. Para ello, se realiza una comparación de la posición de Renan ante el pensador Lamennais y la de Ortega ante Pío Baroja, donde se aprecian coincidencias no sólo en la interpretación de los (...) personajes, sino en la forma de concebir la práctica intelectual que subyace en sendos trabajos. (shrink)

Academic Placement Data and Analysis (APDA) has released its complete 2017 Final Report, an 81-page document that collects data on PhD-granting philosophy programs (including ratings by former students, placement rates, and diversity) and the discipline as a whole (including hiring networks, placement maps, cluster analyses of programs, job descriptions, non-academic hiring). The report was created by Carolyn Dicey Jennings, Patrice Cobb, Pablo Contreras Kallens, and Angelo Kyrilov, all of University of California, Merced. (from Daily Nous).

Resumen: En el presente estudio tratamos de aportar algunas concisas indicaciones relativas a la posibilidad de reconstruir una “teoría estética” a partir de las indicaciones formuladas en este sentido por el filósofo checo Jan Patočka. Partiendo de su distinción entre “arte tradicional” y “arte moderno”, esto es, entre el arte concebido como “signo” y el arte entendido de forma autónoma, se trata de mostrar el modo en el que Patočka localiza la esencia del arte en el acto de revelar la (...) cara oculta de lo real. Aquella dimensión extraordinaria de las cosas que se pone de manifiesto en su puro y simple aparecer: más allá de toda mirada pragmática o utilitaria.: In the present work we try to provide some concise remarks concerning the possibility of rebuilding an “aesthetical theory” from the indications framed in this respect by the Czech philosopher Jan Patočka. On the basis of his distinction between “traditional art” and “modern art”, that is, between the art conceived as a “sign” and the art intended in an authonomous manner, we try to show the way in which Patočka places the essence of art in the act of revealing the hidden side of reality. It would be that extraordinary dimension of the things that is revealed in its pure and simple appearing: beyond all utilitarian or pragmatic gaze. (shrink)

As mandated reporters, health care providers have a duty to report concerns about vulnerable adults if they believe abuse, neglect, or financial exploitation has occurred. Filing a report for conce...

Escuela neoclásica del derecho natural o la nueva teoría del derecho natural - La discusión conceptual y metodológica de Finnis con el positivismo jurídico y la jurisprudencia analítica - Supuestos gnoseológicos para la definición de la ley natural - Definición de los principios básicos de la ley natural - La definición del sistema jurídico - Derivación de la ley humana a partir de la ley natural - La recepción crítica de la obra de Finnis.

Many journals and publishers employ online submission systems to process manuscripts. In some cases, one “template” format exists, but it is then molded slightly to suit the specific needs of each journal, a decision made by the editor-in-chief or editors. In the past few years, there has been an increase in the number of cases in which OSSs have been abused, mostly by the authorship, either through the creation of fake identities or the use of false e-mail accounts. Although the (...) abusive or fraudulent authors are at fault in such cases, the fact that such cases remained undetected for so long is of concern. Moreover, the current OSSs are imperfect, have security issues and may not be able to detect false information, except through post-submission verification. Sting operations, which involve the submission of false manuscripts with false identities and false affiliations, are no less unethical, and those who abuse the publishing protocol deserve to be as reprimanded as those who abuse OSSs. Finally, I question the ethics of editors or publishers creating OSS accounts on behalf of reviewers prior to obtaining their explicit permission. doi: 10.5294/pebi.2016.20.2.3. (shrink)

One of Ortega y Gasset's more important contributions was his theory and methodological use of the concept of perspective. Clearly he´s indebeted to Nietzsche on this issue, but it can also be surmised that Renan was also important in this issue at the time that Ortega was preparing Meditaciones del Quijote. The article compares Renan's criticism of Lamennais with Ortega's interpretation of Pío Baroja focusing not only on the paralelism of their criticisms of established and prominent personalities of their intelectual (...) community, but also on the underlying understanding of cultural practice. (shrink)

En este artículo describiremos la vitalidad del sistema fonológico del mapudungun hablado por escolares pewenches de la Provincia del Biobío, VIII Región. Específicamente, nos hemos propuesto: a) Determinar los fonos/fonemas, y su fonotaxis, que se relevan como indicadores de vitalidad, b) Identificar las transferencias fonético-fonológicas presentes en la fonología del pewenche hablado por estos escolares y c) Interpretar las transferencias encontradas en términos del grado de vitalidad de la fonología de la lengua. La muestra está conformada por un grupo de (...) 20 escolares bilingües de entre 12 y 15 años de edad, que se encuentran cursando 7° y 8° año básico en escuelas rurales pertenecientes a dos comunidades pewenches del valle del Queuco, en la comuna de Alto Biobío. Para la recolección del material fonológico, se aplicó a los participantes una lista léxica de 65 ítems, material que se complementó con la narración oral en mapudungun de un cuento. Según nuestros datos, hemos podido constatar la existencia de una serie de rasgos fónicos en el mapudungun hablado por los escolares pewenches que obedece a la influencia de las estructuras fonológicas del castellano. Sin embargo, el grado y la difusión de los fenómenos de transferencia se desarrollan de manera heterogénea en ambas comunidades en estudio, debido, entre otros factores, a la intensidad del contacto. In this article we will describe the vitality of the phonological system Mapudungun spoken by Pewenche schoolchildren from the Biobío province, VIII Region. We intend: a) To determine the phones/phonemes, and their phonotactics, which are revealed as vitality markers. b) To identify the phonetic-phonological transferences which are present in the Pewenche spoken by these schoolchildren, and, c) To interpret the transferences found in terms of the degree of the language phonological vitality. The sample is composed of 20 bilingual schoolchildren from 12 to 15 years old, who are in 7th and 8th grade in rural primary schools belonging to two Pehuenche comunities from Valle del Queuco, in the city of Alto Biobío. To collect the phonological material, we applied a 64-item lexical list, which was complemented with the oral narration of a tale in Mapudungun. According to our data, we have been able to verify the existence of a series of phonic features in the Mapudungun spoken by Pewenche schoolchildren, which originate because of the influence of the Spanish phonological structure. However, the degree and spread of the transference phenomena develop in a heterogeneous way in both of the studied communities. due to the contact intensity, among other possible factors. (shrink)

Este artículo tiene como objetivo, plantear el concepto de la tecnología como mito, y por lo tanto como un espacio mítico, lugar de enunciación desde donde el ser humano establece la comprensión que tiene de la realidad que le corresponde vivir, y así, plantea su actuar sobre ella. Para ello se presenta brevemente y a manera de barrunto una introducción de un análisis de la coyuntura vivida con la pandemia del Covid-19, que servirá para contextualizar la urgencia de reflexionar sobre (...) el tema central, y que además permitirá bosquejar la conclusión de este escrito. Luego se abordará el problema planteado desde la propuesta económico-teológica del pensador crítico Franz Hinkelammert, quien a lo largo de su obra ha presentado, de manera implícita, un análisis sobre el tema de la tecnología, y quien desarrolla radicalmente la concepción de la tecnología como un mito de la modernidad. Hacer este acercamiento nos obligará a recorrer las reflexiones que este mismo pensador tiene sobre la racionalidad económica perfecta, así mismo que sobre la concepción de la economía que emergió con la revolución industrial y que se radicaliza tras las subsiguientes revoluciones que se plantean en esa línea. A lo largo de este desarrollo argumental nos veremos en la obligación de pasar por otros conceptos clave de la propuesta de Hinkelammert, como el de ideología liberal y su concepción de concepto límite. El de mala infinitud que viene desde la lectura que nuestro autor hace de Hegel. Y por supuesto el concepto de mito y espacio mítico, así como el de tecnología y su vínculo con el imaginario social de progreso que es impuesto dentro de la racionalidad económica y social del sistema-mundo imperante. (shrink)

El artículo esboza algunos hitos fundamentales del desarrollo de las ciencias sociales en el siglo XX que dieron cabida al interés por las vidas ordinarias, en disputa con el privilegio de atención concedido entonces a las élites y los grandes personajes, de donde se configura un marco epistemológico que acoge el estudio de los individuos y grupos sociales subordinados en la modernidad, dotado de un nuevo arsenal de métodos y técnicas basados en los testimonios orales y documentos personales. A través (...) del seguimiento de dicha ruta, condicionada por los múltiples tributos de las ciencias de la cultura, la literatura, la sistematización del pensamiento pedagógico y la variopinta experiencia histórica global, se comprenden las condiciones de emergencia del paradigma biográfico narrativo en educación. (shrink)

O autor realça a dicotomia entre asidéias de Homem e de Deus, igualmente enfocadaem J. P. Sartre e em Nietzsche. O conteúdo axiológicoem Deus contém a afirmação absoluta doHomem, logo, não são idéias contrárias, uma vezque o homem tende para Deus. As metas humanasestão contidas na idéias de Deus, portanto,não nos é lícito proclamar "a morte de Deus" antesque o homem se transforme em Deus...

Written in response to what he recognizes as the problematic philosophical underpinnings of “orthodox research ethics,” Alex John London’s For the Common Good reimagines what is called for in any effort to create a better system of oversight and regulation in biomedical research. London weaves a common thread — justice — through this historical and critical account of the practice of research ethics and its organization of stakeholders, institutions and regulations. By introducing the idea of “a common good” London reframes (...) the narrative and responsibilities of the research ethics field to demonstrate that scientific research and regard for the rights and welfare of individuals are not mutually exclusive. This impressive monograph encourages its readers to push past the limitations of traditional research ethics to consider the context in which the discipline is embedded. That is, rather than settling for analysis at the level of researchers and research participants alone, London encourages us to expand our inquiry to encompass a wider array of stakeholders who co-labor in the social undertaking of biomedical knowledge production. London accomplishes the difficult task of upstream analysis — turning his attention to the conditions and assumptions which create ethical dilemmas rather than applying a retrospective ethical salve to injuries near-guaranteed by a broken system. As opposed to the limited domain of orthodox research ethics (researchers, participants, and the institutional bodies which regulate interaction between the two) London also considers the role and contributions of affected communities, pharmaceutical firms, philanthropic organizations, and journal editors among others. (shrink)

An interdisciplinary theoretical framework is proposed for analysing justice in global working conditions. In addition to gender and race as popular criteria to identify disadvantaged groups in organizations, in multinational corporations (MNCs) local employees (i.e. host country nationals (HCNs) working in foreign subsidiaries) deserve special attention. Their working conditions are often substantially worse than those of expatriates (i.e. parent country nationals temporarily assigned to a foreign subsidiary). Although a number of reasons have been put forward to justify such inequalities—usually with (...) efficiency goals in mind—recent studies have used equity theory to question the extent to which they are perceived as fair by HCNs. However, since perceptual equity theory has limitations, this study develops an alternative and non-perceptual framework for analysing such inequalities. Employment discrimination theory and elements of Rawls’s ‘Theory of Justice’ are the theoretical pillars of this framework. This article discusses the advantages of this approach for MNCs and identifies some expatriation practices that are fair according to our non-perceptual justice standards, whilst also reasonably (if not highly) efficient. (shrink)

En el presente trabajo se analizan las tensiones surgidas a partir de la pregunta ¿América Latina desde Marx o Marx desde América Latina? Para hacerlo se utilizan los conceptos de escritura idealista y escritura materialista, que identifican dos de las opciones más importantes en la producción teórica marxista. La primera se asocia a la perspectiva que concibe una forma universal de la historia, ligada a ciertos textos de Karl Marx y Friedrich Engels, continuada por la socialdemocracia alemana y cuyo punto (...) máximo es la filosofía de Georg Lukács. Del otro lado están las perspectivas abiertas por el mismo Marx en ciertos segmentos de El capital y en sus cartas a Vera Zasúlich. Así mismo, se retoman algunas de las implicaciones de esta última opción en las tradiciones latinoamericanas. Particularmente se señala la importancia de la obra de Álvaro García Linera. (shrink)

El presente trabajo analiza un conjunto de entrevistas realizadas a poetas mapuche proponiendo una articulación metadiscursiva entre el campo literario y el campo periodístico. El análisis del corpus sugiere la existencia de tensiones en la práctica poética que es posible visualizar en las entrevistas a los autores mapuches. Estas tensiones se manifiestan en tres binomios fundamentales que funcionan aquí como categorías de análisis y que son: alta-baja cultura; distinción público-privado y dinámicas de articulación entre identidad-alteridad. Por último, se propone la (...) dimensión intercultural como pivote articulador de las categorías antes desplegadas y analizadas en la poesía mapuche. (shrink)

Editorial de la revista Franciscanum 163, el significado de la gestión de una revista académica y presentación de diez artículos.

In 2015, the Retraction Watch leadership, Adam Marcus and Ivan Oransky, retracted an article that they had written for The Lab Times in 2013. According to Marcus and Oransky, in the 2013 piece, they had offered “bad advice” to academics. In the 2013 piece, Marcus and Oransky suggested that when an error, actual or potential, was detected in a published paper, that they should first contact – by name or anonymously – the editor, then the author, and finally the research (...) institute, following Committee on Publication Ethics guidelines. They also recommended readers to copy Retraction Watch on their communications – most likely so that Retraction Watch could gather a scoop – suggesting even that by mentioning or copying Retraction Watch would twist the arm of the editor, and perhaps speed up – or influence – the journal’s action, or decision. Offering such bad, flawed and unscholarly advice, claiming boldly, without any citations “that cronyism can protect obvious fraud”, the 2013 Lab Times piece was a clear act of antiscience advice. Clearly recognizing their own bad advice, and flawed and misleading logic, but taking considerable time to do so, Adam Marcus and Ivan Oransky retracted their 2013 article in December of 2015, but replaced it with a substitute offering even worse advice, indicating to concerned academics to scrap their 2013 advice of contacting authors, editors and academic institutes, and opting instead for a potentially biased anonymous option, using a whistle-blower website, PubPeer. Marcus and Oransky failed to indicate any financial or other conflicts of interest in their Lab Times piece. This is important, because, as we now know, the marriage between these watchdogs has been in the pipe-line for years now, reaching public prominence in early 2016 during a meeting in UC Berkeley, and culminating in generous financial backing – in the hundreds of thousands of US$ – by the Laura and John Arnold Foundation, to both Retraction Watch and PubPeer. This commentary examines how the retraction of one badly written journalistic piece for lack of professionalism led to the emergence of an even worse article full of biases. Perspectives on how this could be interpreted, and what should happen, are provided. (shrink)

En 1594 el padre Suárez escribe en castellano un memorial destinado al público lego donde da cuenta y razón de la polémica de auxiliis. El memorial desata las iras de los dominicos y otras órdenes porque según ellos se están vulgarizando tendenciosamente problemas que debían reservarse a los teólogos. Por ello el dominico Domingo Báñez escribe en el mismo año una refutación del memorial de Suárez, también en castellano, dirigido a la Inquisición. Este artículo estudia ambos documentos especialmente relevantes para (...) el hispanismo filosófico por varias razones: están pensados y escritos en castellano, lengua vehicular además del latín de las altas especulaciones teológicas de la época; constituyen un momento de aclaración conceptual por parte de Suárez en la configuración de su propio sistema: el congruismo; funcionaron como embrión de la Apología de Bañez; y son una espléndida y sintética introducción al problema para el no iniciado. (shrink)

Leibniz’s role en current political and social thought is complex. On the one hand, he represents the last great synthesis built on the idea of the World as a creation of God and man as his cooperator in history. However his notion of contingency can help to explain some of the problems facing social sciences today in so far as he understandsthis concept not only from an ontological but also from an epistemological point of view. To this one should add (...) that criticisms of classical and modern philosophy such as those of Isaiah Berlin and Hannah Arendt leave intact the need of reason to organise society and we can see in Leibniz use of reason a forerunner of public choice postions. In sum, his vision of reason is very much alive though in new contexts. (shrink)

Leibniz’s role en current political and social thought is complex. On the one hand, he represents the last great synthesis built on the idea of the World as a creation of God and man as his cooperator in history. However his notion of contingency can help to explain some of the problems facing social sciences today in so far as he understandsthis concept not only from an ontological but also from an epistemological point of view. To this one should add (...) that criticisms of classical and modern philosophy such as those of Isaiah Berlin and Hannah Arendt leave intact the need of reason to organise society and we can see in Leibniz use of reason a forerunner of public choice postions. In sum, his vision of reason is very much alive though in new contexts. (shrink)

Suddenly, COVID-19 has changed the world and the way people work. Companies had to accelerate something they knew was imminent in the future, but not immediate and extremely humongous. This situation poses a huge challenge for companies to survive and thrive in this complex business environment and for employees, who must adapt to this new way of working. An effective e-leadership, which promotes companies’ adaptability, is needed. This study investigates the existing knowledge on teleworking and e-leadership; and analyzes the supposed (...) challenges. The literature review shows that companies with effective e-leadership can view teleworking as an opportunity. It is advantageous for not only companies’ productivity but also the environment and people who work remotely. However, a traditional or no leadership can result in some risks. Thriving in remote work environments implies that managers must adjust the companies’ structure, making them less hierarchical, and developing new abilities to establish a strong and trustworthy relationship with their employees to maintain their competitiveness, while retaining a genuine concern for their employees’ well-being. Similarly, successful e-leadership must be able to consolidate and lead effective virtual teams to accomplish organizational goals. This study contributes to the literature and leaders during the pandemic. (shrink)

The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 12, Issue 7, Page 32-33, July 2012.

En este artículo se analizan algunas alternativas posibles para el devenir de la filosofía. Los pronósticos de la filosofía continental y la filosofía analítica suponen dos caminos. Un tercero lo ofrece la eventualidad de una filosofía desinstitucionalizada y asistemática. A partir de ellas intentará derivarse una cuarta opción, la cual, si bien inusitada en su contextura futurista al prospectar una potencial utilidad de las tecnologías de inteligencia artificial al quehacer filosófico, serviría al propósito de dar unas pautas para una reivindicación (...) civilizatoria de la filosofía, si bien con importantes consecuencias epistemológicas en relación con los métodos de producción académica presentes. (shrink)

This paper will show that attempts to control the body in late capitalism are replete with symbolic violence. Filipinos have not succeeded in confining the body, thereby validating Foucault's (1980) critique of the repressive hypothesis. Ordinary narratives about the body in the Philippines exist not in the context of a settled template of silenced debates and repressed desires, but in the explosion of discourse and contestations, and of an intricate articulation between popular knowledge and truth on one hand, and the (...) ordinary and everyday experience of pleasure and desire on the other. (shrink)