Ferrer, Vicent (2021)De suppositionibusEdició crítica del text llatí, traducció catalana, introducció a cura de Josep Batalla i Elena de la Cruz Vergari, traducció anglesa de Robert D. HughesSanta Coloma de Queralt: Obrador Edèndum, 793 p.ISBN 978-84-120007-4-0.

Cet article a pour objet la synthèse et la critique faites par Arnau de Vilanova, dans le Gladius iugulans thomatistas, des thèses de Thomas d’Aquin sur la possibilité de connaître la fin des temps. De surcroît, nous établirons sa contextualisation dans le cadre de la controverse entre le médecin catalan, Jean Vigorós et Martin d’Ateca. Le fragment mentionné est édité avec trois passages supplémentaires ; une description détaillée du ms. Canon. Misc. 370 (Bodleian Library, Oxford) est également fournie.

Gomes de Lisboa Escrito sobre as Questões Metafísicas de António André: Scriptum super Questiones Metaphisice Antonii AndreeEdição bilingue latim-português. Introdução, edição, tradução e notas Mário João CorreiaPorto: Edições Afrontamento, 195 p.ISBN 978-972-36-1839-6.

The aim of this article is to analyse and explain the differences between the text written by Arnau de Vilanova and edited by M. Flacius Illiricus in 1562 under the title Collocutio Friderici Regis Siciliae et nostra, and the text edited by M. Menéndez y Pelayo in 1879 under the title Interpretatio facta per magistrum Arnaldum de Villa nova de visionibus in somniis dominorum Jacobi Secundi Regis Aragonum et Frederici Tertii Regis Siciliae. Since Menéndez's edition, the idea has spread among (...) Arnau de Vilanova scholars that both works were the same and that the differences were simple textual variants of little importance. The article concludes that the Collocutio is actually the complete and definitive version of the work, and that the Interpretatio is a partial version corresponding to a previous stage in the redaction of the work. Collocutio is also the definitive... (shrink)

Tomàs and Joaquim Carreras stated that either the Scriptum super Metaphysicam Aristotelis was not genuinely by Antonius Andreae, or it was subjected to interpolations because its author demonstrates knowledge of classical culture and a mentality characteristic of the fifteenth century. Experts currently consider this work to be genuinely by Andreae; but could it also have been subjected to interpolations? Only a detailed examination of the manuscript and printed tradition will, in the future, allow this question to be answered definitively. For (...) the moment, this article analyses the knowledge of classical culture demonstrated in this work, and concludes that it is compatible with the knowledge available to an author from the beginning of the fourteenth century. (shrink)

Con su Expositio in XII libros Metaphysicae Aristotelis Antonio Andrés ofrece una alternativa escotista a la obra homónima de Tomás de Aquino y trata de superarla. En esta obra Andrés refuta algunas interpretaciones del Aquinate. El objetivo del presente artículo consiste en analizar la respuesta de Bartolomeo Spina a las críticas de Andrés. Las Defensiones de Spina fueron publicadas en 1517 y posteriormente se integraron en los Commentaria in XII libros Metaphysicorum Aristotelis del Aquinate que Spina editó diversas veces.

Antoni Andreu fue un pensador clave en la formación y difusión del pensamiento escotista. El objetivo del presente número monográfico consiste en arrojar un poco de luz sobre estos dos aspectos fundamentales de la obra de Antoni Andreu: el pensamiento filosófico de Andreu y las diferencias que presenta respecto al de Escoto, y su influencia posterior, fundamentalmente en autores de la modernidad.

The aragonese dominican Martin de Ateca is mostly known thanks to the works of Arnau de Vilanova.This paper edits, translates and analyzes one of the most significant fragments of Arnau de Vilanova’s Antidotum contra venenum effusum per fratrem Martinum de Atheca. Martinannouncement. The aragonese dominican appears to be the first Thomist from the Crown of Aragon tohave been explicitly designated as such.

El artículo presenta, analiza y comenta un texto de Arnau de Vilanova que se ha conservado relativo a la discusión que sostuvo este autor con los teólogos de París sobre la falacia del consecuente, en el contexto de la polémica escatológica . Los teólogos de París descalificaron la argumentación de Arnau de Vilanova porque incurría en la falacia del consecuente. Arnau de Vilanova se defiende de esta acusación.The article presents, analyzes and comments a text of Arnau de Vilanova that has (...) been conserved relative to the discussion that maintained this author with the theologians of Paris on the “fallacia consequentis”, in the context of the eschatological controversy . The theologians of Paris disqualified the argumentation of Arnau de Vilanova because he incurred the “fallacia consequentis”. Arnau de Vilanova defends himself of this accusation. (shrink)

Introduction: The use of human samples in genomic research has increased ethical debate about informed consent (IC) requirements and the information that subjects should receive regarding the results of the research. However, there are no quantitative data regarding researchers’ attitudes about these issues. Methods: We present the results of a survey of 104 US and 100 Spanish researchers who had published genomic epidemiology studies in 61 journals during 2006. Results: Researchers preferred a broader IC than the IC they had actually (...) obtained in their published papers. US authors were more likely than their Spanish colleagues to support obtaining a broad IC, covering either any future research project or any projects related to a group of diseases (67.6% vs 43%; adjusted OR = 4.84, 95% CI, 2.32 to 10.12). A slight majority of researchers (55.8%) supported informing participants about individual genomic results only if the reliability and clinical validity of the information had been established. Men were more likely than women to believe that patients should be informed of research results even if these conditions were not met (adjusted OR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.46 to 5.72). Conclusions: This study provides evidence of a wide range of views among scientists regarding some controversial ethical issues related to genomic research, suggesting the need for more study, debate and education. In the interim, journals might consider including the investigators’ policies regarding these ethical issues in the papers they publish in the field of genomic epidemiology. (shrink)

Traditions and rituals play an important role in all facets of human behavior, and those connected with government tell us much about the society in which they are practiced. They point to the history, values, and self-image of the society, and any change in their content or practice reflects a revision of that status, a realignment of the self-image. Among the many traditions that had grown over the centuries and that both framed and shaped the activities and the image of (...) the Florentine government, those of the mensa of the Signoria were particularly significant. From the beginning of the Priorate in 1282, the mensa, the twice-daily communal meals held in the privacy of the Palace of the Signoria, had been conducted with a decorum that emphasized the way in which the executives of the government viewed themselves and their office. When alterations were made to some of these practices in the 1380s, they reflected fundamental changes in the self-perception of the members of the Signoria, and by extension of the city-state as a whole. The alteration on which I wish to focus involves the dinner music, a seemingly insignificant change but one that reflects a profound reorientation of cultural values. Some of the facts of the change have been reported previously in passing, but their significance has gone unnoticed until now. (shrink)

BackgroundPublic awareness and engagement are among the main prerequisites for protecting the rights of research participants and for successful and sustainable functioning of research biobanks. The aim of our study was to analyse public awareness and attitudes towards research biobanks in Latvia, and to compare these data with the results of the 2010 Eurobarometer study. We also analysed the influence of awareness and attitudes towards biobanks on willingness to participate in biobank studies and on preferred type of informed consent.MethodsWe developed (...) a 12-question survey repeating seven questions about biobanks from the 2010 Eurobarometer questionnaire and adding five others. After describing the study variables, we performed a two-stage analysis of the results. In the first stage we analysed differences between the answers from 2010 and 2019 and conducted univariate analyses of relationships among particular variables, and between those variables and the socio-demographic characteristics of participants. In the second stage we investigated multivariable associations of willingness to participate and type of consent with awareness, trust and the socio-economic characteristics of participants.ResultsAccording to our study, the general public in Latvia is still not well informed about research biobanks. Fewer respondents have heard about research biobanks than in 2010. At the same time, the number of respondents who are willing to donate biological samples and personal data to a biobank has increased, e.g. the number of respondents who would definitely or probably be willing to provide information about themselves has increased from 25.8.% to 40.7 since 2010. Overall, concerns about the donation of different types of biological samples and data to a biobank have slightly decreased.ConclusionsPublic awareness about biobanks is important for their sustainability. It needs to be increased not only by traditional methods of informing the public, but also by more innovative and participatory approaches, e.g. by citizen science projects. There is a need to strengthen the public visibility and trustworthiness of ethics committees in Latvia in the field of biobanking. (shrink)

An in-situ transmission electron microscopy straining technique has been used to investigate the dynamics of dislocation-defect interactions in ion-irradiated copper and the subsequent formation of defect-free channels. Defect removal frequently required interaction with multiple dislocations, although screw dislocations were more efficient at annihilating defects than edge dislocations were. The defect pinning strength was determined from the dislocation curvature prior to breakaway and exhibited values ranging from 15 to 175 MPa. Pre-existing dislocations percolated through the defect field but did not show (...) long-range motion, indicating that they are not responsible for creating the defect-free channels and have a limited contribution to the total plasticity. Defect-free channels were associated with the movement of many dislocations, which originated from grain boundaries or regions of high stress concentration such as at a crack tip. These experimental results are compared with atomistic simulations of the interaction of partial dislocations with defects in copper and a dispersed-barrier-hardening crystal plasticity model to correlate the observations to bulk mechanical properties. (shrink)