Este trabajo analiza la presencia de la química en el pensamiento leibniciano. Se valora su contribución al nacimiento de la nueva química y la superación de la vieja alquimia. Se analizan los principales escritos consagrados por el filósofo a esta problemática, para establecer cómo evoluciona y qué relaciones tiene con sus trabajos en otras disciplinas.

En la literatura referente al transhumanismo hay mucho espacio dedicado a descripciones y taxonomías, pero escasa discusión en profundidad de las bases y límites de los planteamientos teóricos subyacentes. Los críticos apostan en demasía por los argumentos ad hominem, mientras que los partidarios se entretienen más de lo conveniente en exaltar las futuras prestaciones de un progreso exponencialmente acelerado. En este texto se intenta llevar a cabo una reflexión más serena, centrada en las nociones de «esencia humana», «naturalización» y «autoconciencia».

An interpretation of the “Parmenides” is proposed in base to the Plato’s “unwritten doctrines”. The greek author demonstrates in this dialogue that with the One only is impossible to think (hypothesis I), and this is why a principle of difference is required; that with the ontological conception of this difference neither, because contradictory conclusions would be followed (hypothesis II); and that without the One isimpossible to think, too (hypothesis III). These conclusions suggest the reader that the One is necessary to (...) think, but another or other principles must be searched to stablish a dialectic. Plato confirms this way the parenetic character of his dialogues respecting at the same time the selfconstrained taboo of the “unwritten doctrines” (he doesn’t mention the undefinite dyad). To come to these conclusions the author ofthis paper proposes a plan of the second part of this work, that divides it in three hypothesis, not in eight, like is usual today, and analyzes the categories that sustain the argumentatives subdivisions of each one of the hypotheses: the structure of all the hypotheses is the same. All this in critical discussion with the actual bibliography about the topics. (shrink)

There are different disciplines that make use of reason as an essential element of its work. The most relevant are probably positive science, philosophy and theology. Opening a constructive dialogue between science and theology is very important because of the relevance that science has had in our culture. Unfortunately, the legitimately expected results in this field have not been achieved, mostly because the philosophy has not assumed the pertinent intermediary role as it was expected. In this article, the historic causes (...) of this fact are analyzed and some ways to help to resolve it are proposed. (shrink)

Arguments on determinism and fate must be placed in human being's industry to over come life uncertainties. For a long time was regarded suitable to postulate an ontologi cal necessity to progress towards a more and more sure knowledge. Nowadays it is tended to believe that determinism is unacceptable either theoretical or practically. Nevertheless it does not mean that the notion of fate has to be legitimazed in all levels.

Octavio Paz se vio inmerso a lo largo de su vida en los acontecimientos más significativos del siglo XX. Este contacto directo con la historia le llevó a cuestionar repetidas veces los principios básicos de la acción política y los valores que deben sustentarla. En este trabajo se analizan las diversas fases de la evolución ideológica de Paz, que no estuvo subordinada a las urgencias de una ambición personal, lo que le permitió zafarse del oportunismo de tantos intelectuales latinoamericanos. En (...) lugar de ir a remolque de los tiempos, sus reflexiones responden a la lógica de un desarrollo interno, que profundiza progresivamente en el alcance y las consecuencias de la idea de libertad, una libertad que es concebida lejos del limbo de las abstracciones y se piensa cada vez más en función de las exigencias irrenunciables del hombre de carne y hueso. (shrink)

l propósito de este trabajo es indagar la relación existente entre el fenóme-no de la ciencia, su eclosión y progreso, y la presencia de una atmósfera cultural cristiana. Se trata de dirimir si en la práctica han dominado más las voces que dentro del cristianismo han alentado a los investigadores o si han predominado más las que la han cohibido y reprimido. El autor se inclina por la primera alternativa. A través de una mirada histórica, constata las profundas raíces cristianas (...) de la ciencia moderna. (shrink)

Mariano Artigas and the relationship of philosophy to fundamental theology. Evocation and debate: The first point of the paper evoques the autor’s personal relation with Prof. Mariano Artigas. Draw the convergent and divergent lines of thought between them. The second point summarizes the main thesis of the book The unexplained conciousness, debates with proyects of naturalization of conciousness and studies the alternatives offered by aristotelian and cartesian philosophies in order to clarify the concept.

In the Third Antinomy Kant exposes in a dramatically way the conflict between freedom and natural necessity. Kant uses denominations that they induce to confusion, because he resolves different problems than those we use to attribute to him. According to Kant, the new science opposes natural legality and freedom. This paper maintains that this false interpretation of the scientific epistemology depends on a slanted vision originated in the rationalistic metaphysics; among others reasons, because Kant takes the Physics from Wolff instead (...) of Newton. (shrink)

El estudio se centra en un aspecto de la problemática de las relaciones entre naturaleza y libertad. Con el término “concepto sucedáneo de la libertad” se designa cualquier noción que —conservando o rechazando el término “libertad”— trata de explicar el ser y obrar humanos en función exclusiva de mecanismos naturales. A lo largo de la exposición se explora la viabilidad de este tipo de apuesta teórica, para acabar rechazándola.

A bibliometric index is proposed that accounts for the differential contribution authors make to a joint paper published, the valuation of the number of publications, the quality of the journals in which the authors are published and which cite them, as well as the timeliness of the paper. This approach means the index can be used in selection processes for positions of employment or the award of research projects, as it abides by the premise of considering scientific merit based on (...) the quality and quantity of publications. The term weighted citability index is used to refer to a mathematical process that uses filters proportionally both to the degree of involvement in the joint research and to the values of number, quality, and timeliness of the research papers. (shrink)