Dossiê dos 25 anos do Instituto de Psicologia Fenomenológico-Existencial do Rio de Janeiro.

A complexa cultura contemporânea faz emergir expressões através deinúmeras dinâmicas midiáticas, revelando o entretenimento não apenas comoconteúdo de distintas indústrias – música, cinema, literatura, games etc – mas como linguagem que permeia, agora, toda a sociedade. Assim, mesmo aquelessetores que pareciam os mais avessos ao entretenimento – como a educação, apolítica e a religião, por exemplo – passam agora a adotá-lo para tornar maiseficiente seus processos comunicacionais. É dentro dessa perspectiva, com oobjetivo de explorar a hibridização entre cultura, entretenimento e (...) práticasmidiáticas, que o presente número da Logos propõe o dossiê Comunicação eEntretenimento: Práticas Sociais, Indústrias e Linguagens. (shrink)

Science is as much defined by the local “instrumentarium,” the equipment available to an experimenter at a particular time and place, as by its discoveries and theories. Instruments are devices for detecting and measuring natural phenomena, linked causally to those aspects of nature they are used to record. Some are inorganic, made of glass and metal, while others are organic, the bodies and body parts of living or once living plants and animals. In contrast, pieces of apparatus are quite different (...) in the ways in which they work. They too can be organic or inorganic, but their role is to model things, process, structures, and so on in the natural world. They are used to study natural processes by simulating them in a user-friendly way. Keeping the distinction between instruments and apparatus in mind is crucial to understanding the power of the experimental method. (shrink)

In a market place crowded with practical rhetoric books what educational value could a challenging work such as Kenneth Burke’s A Rhetoric of Motives possibly have? Burke knows but doesn’t use the terminology of the classical art and rather than analysing the persuasive rhetoric of well-known speeches to equip us with strategies, he weaves his way around literary texts, teasing out meanings that their authors something intended, sometimes did not. Yet, despite such difficulties, A Rhetoric of Motives is a practical (...) rhetoric book. It is just that its process of explication teaches us to think well. This essay tries to explain Burke’s rethinking of the purpose and contents of a traditional teaching tool—the rhetorical handbook—and defends the value of literary-rhetorical reading that aims to ‘equip’ citizens to think openly. (shrink)

Aiming to realize rapid and efficient three-dimensional identification of substation equipment, this article proposes a new method in which the 3D identification of substation equipment is based on K-nearest neighbor classification of subspace feature vector. First of all, the article uses octree encoding to reduce and denoise the point cloud data obtained by a 3D laser scanner. Secondly, position calibration and size standardization are used for the point cloud after pretreatment. Then, the normalized point cloud is divided into a number (...) of cubes with same size. The cosine of the angle between the positive direction of z axis and a vector from the global centroid of the point cloud to the centroid of each subspace is regarded as the feature of the subspace. All cosines of subspaces constitute the feature of the point cloud. Finally, we classify the subspace feature vector by using the KNN algorithm and improve classification accuracy by using the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The simulation results show that the identification accuracy of the proposed method for unknown substation equipment is about 90% and the proposed method is applicable to low-degree losses. Apparently, this method can accurately identify 3D substation equipment. At the same time, increasing the number of subspaces will improve the accuracy; however, it will increase the recognition time. (shrink)

It is my intention to attempt to define pacifism, in its engagement and concept, as a necessary requisite of war and military action, following a phrase used over a hundred years ago by Franz Rosenzweig when speaking of pacifism as “necessary equipment of war.” I will try to defend the importance of pacifism as an integral part of war (as such, pacifism as a requisite of war ought to shorten the period of war and mitigate destruction) and oppose this concept (...) of pacifism to Jan Narveson’s old attempt at constructing pacifism as a position and then designating it as “untenable and unreasonable,” and then further oppose this to his later attempt to find in pacifism the cause of further (and more) violence for ever more vicious wars. (shrink)

In a market place crowded with practical rhetoric books what educational value could a challenging work such as Kenneth Burke’s A Rhetoric of Motives possibly have? Burke knows but doesn’t use the terminology of the classical art and rather than analysing the persuasive rhetoric of well-known speeches to equip us with strategies, he weaves his way around literary texts, teasing out meanings that their authors something intended, sometimes did not. Yet, despite such difficulties, A Rhetoric of Motives is a practical (...) rhetoric book. It is just that its process of explication teaches us to think well. This essay tries to explain Burke’s rethinking of the purpose and contents of a traditional teaching tool—the rhetorical handbook—and defends the value of literary-rhetorical reading that aims to ‘equip’ citizens to think openly. (shrink)

L’espace parents dans la séparation ( eps ) de Mons (Belgique) est un dispositif d’accueil des parents en situation de séparation hautement conflictuelle. Le travail s’élabore autour de la réflexion commune avec les parents sur la qualité de la relation coparentale dans l’intérêt des enfants. Cet article vise à expliciter les processus et les outils utilisés dans le cadre de l’ eps. Après avoir développé les ancrages épistémologiques et le dispositif en lui-même, les auteurs proposent de montrer, au travers d’une (...) illustration clinique, les processus en place dans la construction de « l’équipe parentale ». (shrink)

The expression that professionals should be led by their moral or ethical compass is increasingly used by academics, policy makers, professionals, and educational institutes. Dutch universities of applied sciences (UAS), for example, explicitly aim to educate their students to become professionals equipped with a moral compass. This moral or ethical compass is a metaphor of which people intuitively grasp its meaning, but our literature review also shows that various interpretations are possible. We found three clusters of proposed ethical compasses expressing (...) its a) content, b) form, or c) use, which we present in this article. Thereafter, we evaluate which compass can meaningfully assist (young) professionals and, therefore, should be part of the aims and content of education provided by UAS. Based on this evaluation, we describe the possibilities and boundaries of UAS’ contribution to the development of their students’ ethical compass. (shrink)

Cet article relit de près certains passages de l’ouvrage de Félix Guattari publié de façon posthume sous le titre Lignes de fuite, pour en tirer une théorie des infrastructures articulées en termes d’équipements et de déséquipement. Le contraste entre « agencements » et « équipements » permet de mieux comprendre les enjeux de ce qui relève aujourd’hui d’une écologie du démantèlement (Bonnet, Landivar, Monnin), ainsi que le besoin de nous doter de nouvelles formes de cartographies diagrammatiques (Davila).

Telecommunications equipment suppliers play an important role in the functioning of corporations with large-scale distributed computer networks such as system integrators, Internet service providers and others. An important condition of sustainable development for these companies is effective and reasonable decision making concerning the choice of suppliers. At the same time, the amount of information to be considered in many industries for making decisions has grown several times. In accordance with the above, decision making support systems for the reliable choice of (...) suppliers started to be developed. At the same time, the approaches to designing such systems possess some disadvantages. In order to overcome these disadvantages this article suggests an approach to decision making support for choosing telecommunication equipment suppliers based on the Choquet Integral and minimization of fuzzy measure variance. It deals with the task of criteria normalization, fuzzy measure identification, gives examples of expert estimations for criteria and also the results of supplier assessments based on which the decision is made. (shrink)

A major challenge for education policymakers and educators globally is the strong and persistent impact of student socio-economic status on learning. This is a challenge that will not be addressed solely by school-focused reform. However, one policy initiative that could make a positive difference in this regard, and could bring other benefits to schools and communities, is equipping schools to act as hubs for a range of social and health services for their students, families, and communities. Schools as community hubs (...) can not only act to mitigate the impact of poverty on learners, but can position schools at the centre of communities, and build community resilience and capacity. (shrink)

Arquivo integral da edição dos 25 anos de IFEN.

O artigo analisa a ideologia da equipe econômica do governo Fernando Henrique Cardoso, que orientou sua ação por uma racionalidade instrumental. Foi feita uma análise comparativa com as equipes econômicas dos governos anteriores, mostrando que a equipe do governo Cardoso abandonou o modelo desenvolvimentista para retomar o modelo clássico liberal. No entanto, o neoliberalismo da equipe de Cardoso não entende o mercado como um meio para se promover o desenvolvimento econômico e social. Herdeiros da geração pós Consenso (...) de Washington, vêem o mercado como um fim em si. A relação que esses economistas estabeleceram com o mercado é quase religiosa, porque nele depositaram total confiança. Para estes economistas, era como se o mercado fosse uma entidade superior que naturalmente resolveria os problemas econômicos e sociais. Sob esse pretexto, colocaram em prática no país políticas típicas do neoliberalismo, que prevêem o desmantelamento do Estado e das grandes conquistas políticas e sociais. Na verdade, essa idolatria em relação mercado configura a irracionalidade desses economistas que defendem explicitamente os interesses de um segmento da classe dominante, a saber, a burguesia financeira internacional. O que leva à conclusão de que não houve autonomia da equipe para elaborar as políticas econômicas do governo, porque seguem as receitas dos organismos internacionais. A autonomia só se estabeleceu em relação às classes trabalhadoras, que não participaram de qualquer negociação que lhes dizem respeito. (shrink)

Dans les prises en charge éducatives d’adultes handicapés, il arrive que des parents imposent leur directive. L’auteur repère et analyse ce mode singulier du lien d’emprise en proposant la notion de fratrie imaginaire pour caractériser la relation dans laquelle sont pris ces professionnels auprès des parents. Dans une lutte d’appropriation du sujet, ils sont alors minorisés à hauteur des craintes qu’ils suscitent et de l’ampleur de la minorisation que les parents ont eux-mêmes subies auprès d’autres professionnels du secteur médico-social. Une (...) extension de l’enveloppe familiale peut être le fruit des parents comme de la fratrie réelle. Ceci étant, une fois l’éclairage intersubjectif réalisé, il va s’agir de trouver des moyens institutionnels pour restaurer un dialogue basé sur un fondement stable repositionnant les acteurs de l’institution sur un terrain professionnel. (shrink)

My main objective in this article will be to compare Heidegger’s description of the way we perceive our environment in everyday coping – which is based on the concept of equipment (Zeug) – and James Gibson’s theory of affordance perception. More precisely, I will discuss whether equipment and affordance can be equated. In contrast to some interpretations, I will defend that they cannot: equipment and affordances refer to different ontological kinds and the perceptual or cognitive processes that are implied in (...) each case have nothing in common. In addition, I will defend that distinguishing equipment and affordances is a key step towards a more comprehensive account of the way we perceive and deal with the possibilities offered by our environment, and that Heidegger’s and Gibson’s accounts, far from being mutually exclusive, complement each other. Some work has however to be done in order to articulate them in a coherent theoretical framework. (shrink)

The development and application scope of the Internet of Things is also becoming more and more extensive. Especially in the application of power testing improved systems, great progress has been made. This article aims to study how to analyze the system detection equipment based on the Internet of Things. This article describes the basic theoretical knowledge of the Internet of Things and power detection improved systems. A clustering analysis algorithm and a support vector machine algorithm based on the Internet of (...) Things are proposed. In the experiment of this article, the scoring items of the expert’s traditional detection system include complex technology, inconvenient use, and incomplete intelligence. Among them, the highest score for complex technology is 8.6 points, the lowest score is 7 points; the highest score for inconvenience is 8.6 points, and the lowest is 8.3 points. It can be seen that related experts believe that the traditional power detection improved system is not only very complicated in technology, very inconvenient to use but also incompletely intelligent. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the system detection equipment based on the Internet of Things. (shrink)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has placed significant strain on United States’ health care and health care providers. While most Americans were sheltering in place, nurses headed to work. Many lacked adequate personal protective equipment (PPE), increasing the risk of becoming infected or infecting others. Some health care organizations were not transparent with their nurses; many nurses were gagged from speaking up about the conditions in their workplaces. This study used a descriptive phenomenological design to describe the lived experience of acute (...) care nurses working with limited access to PPE during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Unstructured interviews were conducted with 28 acute care nurses via telephone, WebEx, and Zoom. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The major theme, emotional roller coaster, describes the varied intense emotions the nurses experienced during the early weeks of the pandemic, encompassing eight subthemes: scared and afraid, sense of isolation, anger, betrayal, overwhelmed and exhausted, grief, helpless and at a loss, and denial. Other themes include: self‐care, ‘hoping for the best’, ‘nurses are not invincible’, and ‘I feel lucky’. The high levels of stress and mental assault resulting from the COVID‐19 crisis call for early stress assessment of nurses and provision of psychological intervention to mitigate lasting psychological trauma. (shrink)

The paper lays out an ontological enquiry into the ways of ‘being of equipment’ as analysed by Heidegger and its role in understanding the design process. Equipments are things that make up our world. It is hard to imagine living without things because our existence is thingly textured. Heidegger’s analytics of equipment far exceeds the ontic sense of things. The argument is that there is a danger when designers limit themselves with the ontic understanding of equipment. Such an understanding coaxes (...) us to believe in the half-baked truth about equipment- an isolated instance of a piece of artifact and leave us ignorant of the equipment's character as a part of an equipment structure. An ontological reflection on equipment brings forth its relational nature and can be rewarding in several ways in improving its design process. (shrink)