Results for 'Damián Hudson'

958 found
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  1.  12
    Progreso, verdad y perspectiva histórica en los Recuerdos históricos sobre la provincia de Cuyo de Damián Hudson, 1864-1874. Una aproximación a los orígenes de la historiografía erudita rioplatense. [REVIEW]Abel Cortez Ahumada - 2023 - Co-herencia 20 (39):75-114.
    En este artículo se analizan una serie de ideas filosóficas y de perspectivas interpretativas que el cuyano Damián Hudson utilizó para construir su obra Recuerdos históricos sobre la provincia de Cuyo (1864-1874), la cual se inscribe en los inicios de la historiografía erudita argentina. Se explora su idea de progreso, concepto que Hudson identifica con la providencia, potencia histórica incremental que despliega un desarrollo universal que hace avanzar a la humanidad y la nación hacia el bienestar y (...)
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  2. Derivability and Metainferential Validity.Bruno Da Ré, Damian Szmuc & Paula Teijeiro - 2021 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 51 (6):1521-1547.
    The aim of this article is to study the notion of derivability and its semantic counterpart in the context of non-transitive and non-reflexive substructural logics. For this purpose we focus on the study cases of the logics _S__T_ and _T__S_. In this respect, we show that this notion doesn’t coincide, in general, with a nowadays broadly used semantic approach towards metainferential validity: the notion of local validity. Following this, and building on some previous work by Humberstone, we prove that in (...)
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  3. On Three-Valued Presentations of Classical Logic.Bruno da Ré, Damian Szmuc, Emmanuel Chemla & Paul Égré - 2024 - Review of Symbolic Logic 17 (3):682-704.
    Given a three-valued definition of validity, which choice of three-valued truth tables for the connectives can ensure that the resulting logic coincides exactly with classical logic? We give an answer to this question for the five monotonic consequence relations $st$, $ss$, $tt$, $ss\cap tt$, and $ts$, when the connectives are negation, conjunction, and disjunction. For $ts$ and $ss\cap tt$ the answer is trivial (no scheme works), and for $ss$ and $tt$ it is straightforward (they are the collapsible schemes, in which (...)
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  4. Conjunction and Disjunction in Infectious Logics.Hitoshi Omori & Damian Szmuc - 2017 - In Alexandru Baltag, Jeremy Seligman & Tomoyuki Yamada, Logic, Rationality, and Interaction (LORI 2017, Sapporo, Japan). Springer. pp. 268-283.
    In this paper we discuss the extent to which conjunction and disjunction can be rightfully regarded as such, in the context of infectious logics. Infectious logics are peculiar many-valued logics whose underlying algebra has an absorbing or infectious element, which is assigned to a compound formula whenever it is assigned to one of its components. To discuss these matters, we review the philosophical motivations for infectious logics due to Bochvar, Halldén, Fitting, Ferguson and Beall, noticing that none of them discusses (...)
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  5. Modelling the Moral Dimension of Decisions.Mark Colyvan, Damian Cox & Katie Siobhan Steele - 2010 - Noûs 44 (3):503-529.
    In this paper we explore the connections between ethics and decision theory. In particular, we consider the question of whether decision theory carries with it a bias towards consequentialist ethical theories. We argue that there are plausible versions of the other ethical theories that can be accommodated by “standard” decision theory, but there are also variations of these ethical theories that are less easily accommodated. So while “standard” decision theory is not exclusively consequentialist, it is not necessarily ethically neutral. Moreover, (...)
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  6.  65
    Kant’s Argument for Transcendental Idealism in the Transcendental Aesthetic Revisited.Damian Melamedoff-Vosters - 2023 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 105 (1):141-162.
    This paper provides a novel reconstruction of Kant’s argument for transcendental idealism in the Transcendental Aesthetic. This reconstruction relies on two main contentions: first, that Kant accepts the then-ubiquitous view that all cognition is either from grounds or consequences, a view he props up by drawing a distinction between logical and real grounds; second, that Kant, like most of his contemporaries, holds that our representations are the most immediate grounds of our cognition. By stressing these elements, the most threatening objection (...)
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  7. Why We Should Not Reject the Value-Free Ideal of Science.Robert Hudson - 2016 - Perspectives on Science 24 (2):167-191.
    In recent years, the value-freeness of science has come under extensive critique. Early objectors to the notion of value-free science can be found in Rudner and Churchman, later objections occur in Leach and Gaa, and more recent critics are Kitcher, Douglas, and Elliott. The goal of this paper is to examine and critique two arguments opposed to the notion of a value-free science. The first argument, the uncertainty argument, cites the endemic uncertainty of science and concludes that values are needed (...)
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  8.  30
    Immune Logics.Bruno da Re & Damian Szmuc - 2021 - Australasian Journal of Logic 18 (1):29-52.
    This article is concerned with an exploration of a family of systems—called immune logics—that arise from certain dualizations of the well-known family of infectious logics. The distinctive feature of the semantic of infectious logics is the presence of a certain “infectious” semantic value, by which two different though equivalent things are meant. On the one hand, it is meant that these values are zero elements for all the operations in the underlying algebraic structure. On the other hand, it is meant (...)
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  9.  88
    Non-deterministic semantics for cocanonical and semi-cocanonical deduction systems.Bruno Da Ré & Damian Szmuc - forthcoming - Journal of Logic and Computation.
    This article aims to dualize several results concerning various types (including possibly Cut-free and Identity-free systems) of canonical multiple-conclusion sequent calculi, i.e. Gentzen-style deduction systems for sequents, equipped with well-behaved forms of left and right introduction rules for logical expressions. In this opportunity, we focus on a different kind of calculi that we dub cocanonical, that is, Gentzen-style deduction systems for sequents, equipped with well-behaved forms of left and right elimination rules for logical expressions. These systems, simply put, have rules (...)
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  10.  28
    The Josefson–Nissenzweig theorem and filters on $$\omega $$.Witold Marciszewski & Damian Sobota - 2024 - Archive for Mathematical Logic 63 (7):773-812.
    For a free filter F on $$\omega $$ ω, endow the space $$N_F=\omega \cup \{p_F\}$$ N F = ω ∪ { p F }, where $$p_F\not \in \omega $$ p F ∉ ω, with the topology in which every element of $$\omega $$ ω is isolated whereas all open neighborhoods of $$p_F$$ p F are of the form $$A\cup \{p_F\}$$ A ∪ { p F } for $$A\in F$$ A ∈ F. Spaces of the form $$N_F$$ N F constitute the (...)
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  11.  10
    Bridging Ethics and Evidence: Language as a Critical Determinant of Health Equity.Vishala Mishra, Damián E. Blasi & Joseph P. Dexter - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (11):66-69.
    Advancing public health equity requires a broad view of factors that influence well-being, including not only physical but also social determinants of health. In “A Public Health Ethics Framework f...
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  12.  51
    Representation and Reality in Kant’s Antinomy of Pure Reason.Damian Melamedoff-Vosters - 2023 - Kantian Review 28 (4):615-634.
    In this article, I take on a classic objection to Kant’s arguments in the Antinomy of Pure Reason: that the arguments are question-begging, as they draw illicit inferences from claims about representation to claims about reality. While extant attempts to vindicate Kant try to show that he does not make such inferences, I attempt to vindicate Kant’s arguments in a different way: I show that, given Kant’s philosophical backdrop, the inferences in question are not illicit. This is because the transcendental (...)
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  13.  83
    Three problems for the evolutionary debunking argument.Oscar Davis & Damian Cox - 2023 - Ratio 36 (1):41-50.
    In attempting to debunk moral realism through an appeal to evolutionary facts, debunkers face a series of problems, which we label the problems of scope, corrosiveness, and post‐hoc justification. To overcome these problems, debunkers must assume certain metaphysical or epistemological positions, or otherwise pre‐establish them. In doing so, they must assume or pre‐establish the very conclusion they seek in advancing the argument. This means that such debunking arguments either beg the question against the moral realist or are undermined as standalone (...)
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  14.  89
    Truthmaker Noumenalism.Damian Melamedoff-Vosters - 2022 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 100 (1):40-55.
    ABSTRACT One of the core issues where interpreters of Kant disagree concerns his alleged Noumenalism—the claim that the objects of our experience, which are in space and time, are underpinned by entities that are not spatio-temporal and that non-spatio-temporally cause our representations of empirical objects. Although there is much textual evidence in favour of Noumenalism, non-Noumenalists have also gathered a significant number of philosophical and exegetical challenges to such a reading of Kant. I present a novel way of understanding the (...)
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  15. Non-reflexive Nonsense: Proof-Theory for Paracomplete Weak Kleene Logic.Bruno Da Ré, Damian Szmuc & María Inés Corbalán - forthcoming - Studia Logica:1-17.
    Our aim is to provide a sequent calculus whose external consequence relation coincides with the three-valued paracomplete logic `of nonsense' introduced by Dmitry Bochvar and, independently, presented as the weak Kleene logic K3W by Stephen C. Kleene. The main features of this calculus are (i) that it is non-reflexive, i.e., Identity is not included as an explicit rule (although a restricted form of it with premises is derivable); (ii) that it includes rules where no variable-inclusion conditions are attached; and (iii) (...)
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  16.  35
    A universal cue for grammatical categories in the input to children: Frequent frames.Steven Moran, Damián E. Blasi, Robert Schikowski, Aylin C. Küntay, Barbara Pfeiler, Shanley Allen & Sabine Stoll - 2018 - Cognition 175 (C):131-140.
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  17.  15
    Intellectual autonomy as the aim of critical thinking.Russell McPhee & Damian Cox - 2025 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 57 (2):186-196.
    Critical thinking is often nominated as a graduate attribute, a learning outcome, and is even offered as a discrete subject in schools and universities. Therefore, it is important to gain clarity about the fundamental goal or purpose of critical thinking education. What should instructors be aiming at when they seek to instil critical thinking in their students? In this paper, we argue that the aim of critical thinking is the achievement and maintenance of intellectual autonomy. In setting out our argument (...)
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  18.  43
    Kant, Propositions, and Non-Fundamental Metaphysics.Damian Melamedoff-Vosters - 2022 - In Chris Tillman & Adam Murray, The Routledge Handbook of Propositions. Routledge. pp. 144-158.
    In this chapter, my aim is to present an account of Immanuel Kant’s transcendental idealism that centers his view of propositions as mental acts. As I intend to show, Kant’s strategy in the Critique of Pure Reason is only intelligible under the assumption that the fundamental bearers of truth are mental entities.
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  19.  7
    Non-Reflexive Nonsense: Proof Theory of Paracomplete Weak Kleene Logic.Bruno Da Ré, Damian Szmuc & María Inés Corbalán - 2024 - Studia Logica 112 (6):1243-1259.
    Our aim is to provide a sequent calculus whose external consequence relation coincides with the three-valued paracomplete logic ‘of nonsense’ introduced by Dmitry Bochvar and, independently, presented as the weak Kleene logic $$\textbf{K}_{\textbf{3}}^{\textbf{w}}$$ by Stephen C. Kleene. The main features of this calculus are (i) that it is non-reflexive, i.e., Identity is not included as an explicit rule (although a restricted form of it with premises is derivable); (ii) that it includes rules where no variable-inclusion conditions are attached; and (iii) (...)
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  20.  56
    What Was Perrin Really Doing in His Proof of the Reality of Atoms?Robert Hudson - 2020 - Hopos: The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science 10 (1):194-218.
    It is commonly thought that Jean Perrin argued for the reality of atoms in the early twentieth century by using what Wesley Salmon calls a “common cause” argument, also known as robustness reasoning. After citing some concerns with this interpretation of Perrin, I offer a different interpretation of Perrin’s work that more closely depicts the details of Perrin’s reasoning in his relevant published writings. I then offer a historical argument that supports this interpretation and discuss the philosophical merits of Perrin’s (...)
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  21.  17
    Airborne Acoustic Perception by a Jumping Spider.Paul S. Shamble, Gil Menda, James R. Golden, Eyal I. Nitzany, Katherine Walden, Tsevi Beatus, Damian O. Elias, Itai Cohen, Ronald N. Miles & Ronald R. Hoy - unknown
    © 2016 Elsevier LtdJumping spiders are famous for their visually driven behaviors [1]. Here, however, we present behavioral and neurophysiological evidence that these animals also perceive and respond to airborne acoustic stimuli, even when the distance between the animal and the sound source is relatively large and with stimulus amplitudes at the position of the spider of ∼65 dB sound pressure level. Behavioral experiments with the jumping spider Phidippus audax reveal that these animals respond to low-frequency sounds by freezing—a common (...)
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  22.  14
    Sports Coaches’ Knowledge and Beliefs About the Provision, Reception, and Evaluation of Verbal Feedback.Robert J. Mason, Damian Farrow & John A. C. Hattie - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    Coach observation studies conducted since the 1970s have sought to determine the quantity and quality of verbal feedback provided by coaches to their athletes. Relatively few studies, however, have sought to determine the knowledge and beliefs of coaches that underpin this provision of feedback. The purpose of the current study was to identify the beliefs and knowledge that elite team sport coaches hold about providing, receiving and evaluating feedback in their training and competition environments. Semi-structured interviews conducted with 8 coaches (...)
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  23. 188 Paulo Freire.S. Hall, L. Harasim, D. Hebdige, M. Horton, W. Hudson, L. Hutcheon, I. Illich, M. Jackson, F. Jameson & A. JanMohammed - 1993 - In Peter McLaren & Peter Leonard, Paulo Freire: a critical encounter. New York: Routledge.
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  24.  13
    Relational processing is fundamental to the central executive and it is limited to four variables.Graeme Sydney Halford, Steven Phillips, William H. Wilson, Julie McCredden, Glenda Andrews, Damian Birney, Rosemary Baker & John Duncan Bain - 2007 - In Naoyuki Osaka, Robert H. Logie & Mark D'Esposito, The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory. Oxford University Press.
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  25.  12
    Editorial: The Impact of Social Connections on Patients' Health.Davide Mazzoni, Elizabeth A. Baker, Darrell L. Hudson & Gabriella Pravettoni - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
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  26.  39
    Effect of practice on a Stroop-like spatial directions task.Ronald E. Shor, Richard P. Hatch, Laurel J. Hudson, David T. Landrigan & Howard J. Shaffer - 1972 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 94 (2):168.
  27.  51
    Damian Leszczyński.Damian Leszczyński - 2011 - Roczniki Filozoficzne 59 (1):5-34.
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  28.  18
    Anna Tomaszewska, Kant’s Rational Religion and the Radical Enlightenment: From Spinoza to Contemporary Debates New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2022 Pp. 226 ISBN 9781350195844 (hbk) $143.95. [REVIEW]Damian Melamedoff-Vosters - 2023 - Kantian Review 28 (3):490-493.
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  29.  36
    Early Modern German Philosophy: 1690–1755, ed. C. Dyck. [REVIEW]Damian Melamedoff-Vosters - 2021 - The Leibniz Review 31:157-169.
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  30. A Simple Logical Matrix and Sequent Calculus for Parry’s Logic of Analytic Implication.Damian E. Szmuc - 2021 - Studia Logica 109 (4):791-828.
    We provide a logical matrix semantics and a Gentzen-style sequent calculus for the first-degree entailments valid in W. T. Parry’s logic of Analytic Implication. We achieve the former by introducing a logical matrix closely related to that inducing paracomplete weak Kleene logic, and the latter by presenting a calculus where the initial sequents and the left and right rules for negation are subject to linguistic constraints.
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  31. Theories of truth based on four-valued infectious logics.Damian Szmuc, Bruno Da Re & Federico Pailos - 2020 - Logic Journal of the IGPL 28 (5):712-746.
    Infectious logics are systems that have a truth-value that is assigned to a compound formula whenever it is assigned to one of its components. This paper studies four-valued infectious logics as the basis of transparent theories of truth. This take is motivated as a way to treat different pathological sentences differently, namely, by allowing some of them to be truth-value gluts and some others to be truth-value gaps and as a way to treat the semantic pathology suffered by at least (...)
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  32.  6
    Prayer and Perceptual (and Other) Experiences.Eleanor Schille-Hudson, Kara Weisman & Tanya M. Luhrmann - 2024 - Cognitive Science 48 (12):e70029.
    Prayer, a repeated practice of paying attention to one's inner mental world, is a core behavior across many faiths and traditions, understudied by cognitive scientists. Previous research suggests that humans pray because prayer changes the way they feel or how they think. This paper makes a novel argument: that prayer changes what they feel that they perceive. Those who pray, we find, are more likely to report sensory and perceptual experiences which they take to be evidence of a god or (...)
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  33.  13
    Freedom and Responsibility in Neoplatonist Thought by Ursula Coope.Damian Caluori - 2021 - Review of Metaphysics 74 (3):402-404.
  34. Descartes on the Problem of Knowledge.Damian Ilodigwe - 2017 - Ibadan Dominican Studies 3:55-78.
    One of the enduring contributions of Descartes to philosophy is Descartes’ response to the challenge of scepticism. In addressing the challenge of scepticism Descartes understood that scepticism was a philosophical challenge which needed to be answered by taking into account its inner logic. It is not surprising therefore that Descartes sought to demonstrate as a counter-point to scepticism that there is at least one truth we can know with certitude, namely, the truth of the self. By fulfilling the demand of (...)
     
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  35.  7
    Vision, instruction, and action.Damian M. Lyons - 1995 - Artificial Intelligence 73 (1-2):387-401.
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  36.  43
    Mesosomes and Scientific Methodology.Robert Hudson - 2003 - History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 25 (2):167 - 191.
    In his recent article, Nicolas Rasmussen (2001) is harshly critical of what he terms 'empirical philosophy of science', a philosophy that takes seriously the history of science in advancing philosophical pronouncements about science. He motivates his criticism by reflecting on recent history in microbiology involving the 'discovery' of a new bacterial organelle, the mesosome, during the 1950's and 1960's, and the subsequent retraction of this discovery by experimental microbiologists during the late 1970's and early 1980's. In particular, he argues that (...)
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  37. The human as (w)hole : Aristophanes's contest with Socrates in Clouds.Damian Stocking - 2018 - In Sean D. Kirkland & Eric Sanday, A Companion to Ancient Philosophy. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press.
     
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  38. Degrees of Reality.Damian Aleksiev - 2024 - In Yannic Kappes, Asya Passinsky, Julio De Rizzo & Benjamin Schnieder, Facets of Reality — Contemporary Debates. Contributions of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society. Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society. pp. 20-30.
    This essay outlines a hierarchical framework of Reality that allows for degrees of Reality. I use Reality (with a capital “R”) to designate reality in a primitive, metaphysical sense. Reality, grounding, and essence are the key elements of the framework presented here. I assume that Reality must have a fundamental level and all fundamental phenomena must be Real. Moreover, I postulate that everything non-fundamental is ultimately grounded in the fundamental Real. But what about the Reality of the non-fundamental? I argue (...)
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  39.  32
    Congruity effects evoked by subliminally presented primes: Automaticity rather than semantic processing.M. Damian - 2001 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 27:154-165.
  40.  33
    Slaying vampires in eighteenth-century Sweden.Damian Shaw & Matthew Gibson - 2022 - History of European Ideas 48 (6):744-763.
    ABSTRACT In this article, the first author provides a summary and translation from the Latin of an important early medical lecture on vampires by Nils Retzius. The lecture was delivered in Sweden, at Lund University, in 1737, and was published almost immediately thereafter. This important text has been overlooked by modern scholars of vampires. This article will bring the lecture back into circulation in its first English translation. The second author then offers an analysis of the intellectual background to this (...)
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  41. Lightweight and Heavyweight Anti-physicalism.Damian Aleksiev - 2022 - Synthese 200 (112):1-23.
    I define two metaphysical positions that anti-physicalists can take in response to Jonathan Schaffer’s ground functionalism. Ground functionalism is a version of physicalism where explanatory gaps are everywhere. If ground functionalism is true, arguments against physicalism based on the explanatory gap between the physical and experiential facts fail. In response, first, I argue that some anti-physicalists are already safe from Schaffer’s challenge. These anti-physicalists reject an underlying assumption of ground functionalism: the assumption that macrophysical entities are something over and above (...)
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  42. Meaningless Divisions.Damian Szmuc & Thomas Macaulay Ferguson - 2021 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 62 (3):399-424.
    In this article we revisit a number of disputes regarding significance logics---i.e., inferential frameworks capable of handling meaningless, although grammatical, sentences---that took place in a series of articles most of which appeared in the Australasian Journal of Philosophy between 1966 and 1978. These debates concern (i) the way in which logical consequence ought to be approached in the context of a significance logic, and (ii) the way in which the logical vocabulary has to be modified (either by restricting some notions, (...)
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  43.  41
    God, Hypostasis, and the Threat of Paradox: Exploring Kantian And Non-Kantian Reasons for Circumspection.Damián Bravo Zamora - 2018 - Kant Yearbook 10 (1):171-198.
    In this paper, I present an interpretation of Kant’s view that reason’s hypostasis of the idea of a sum-total of reality is dogmatic and illegitimate. In the section on the ‘Transcendental Ideal’, the second section of the Ideal of Pure Reason chapter in the Critique of Pure Reason, Kant starts by describing reason’s procedure from the affirmation of the principle of thoroughgoing determination to the hypostasis in question. According to the interpretation I defend, the argument for hypostasis deployed in this (...)
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  44. A New Hope for Philosophers' Appeal to Intuition.Damián Enrique Szmuc - 2012 - Essays in Philosophy 13 (1):336-353.
    Some recent researches in experimental philosophy have posed a problem for philosophers’ appeal to intuition (hereinafter referred to as PAI); the aim of this paper is to offer an answer to this challenge. The thesis against PAI implies that, given some experimental results, intuition does not seem to be a reliable epistemic source, and —more importantly— given the actual state of knowledge about its operation, we do not have sufficient resources to mitigate its errors and thus establish its reliability. That (...)
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  45. The scepticism of francisco Sanchez.Damian Caluori - 2007 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 89 (1):30-46.
    The Renaissance sceptic and medical doctor Francisco Sanchez has been rather unduly neglected in scholarly work on Renaissance scepticism. In this paper I discuss his scepticism against the background of the ancient distinction between Academic and Pyrrhonian scepticism. I argue that Sanchez was a Pyrrhonist rather than, as has been claimed in recent years, a mitigated Academic sceptic. In keeping with this I shall also try to show that Sanchez was crucially influenced by the ancient medical school of empiricism, a (...)
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  46.  79
    Ecological Democracy, Just Transitions and a Political Ecology of Design.Damian F. White - 2019 - Environmental Values 28 (1):31-53.
    This article takes stock of the project of ecological democracy, a project that has been central to debates in Environmental Values since the late 1990s. Whilst we can identify quite distinct articulations of eco-democratic thinking emerging out of the fields of green political theory, postcolonial/feminist political ecology and science studies/radical geography, it is argued that these discussions have reached something of an impasse of late following the rise of climate scepticism, authoritarian populisms and technocratic eco-modernisms. Resurgent eco-authoritarian impulses and the (...)
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  47. What is a Paraconsistent Logic?Damian Szmuc, Federico Pailos & Eduardo Barrio - 2018 - In Walter Carnielli & Jacek Malinowski, Contradictions, from Consistency to Inconsistency. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
    Paraconsistent logics are logical systems that reject the classical principle, usually dubbed Explosion, that a contradiction implies everything. However, the received view about paraconsistency focuses only the inferential version of Explosion, which is concerned with formulae, thereby overlooking other possible accounts. In this paper, we propose to focus, additionally, on a meta-inferential version of Explosion, i.e. which is concerned with inferences or sequents. In doing so, we will offer a new characterization of paraconsistency by means of which a logic is (...)
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  48. On Pathological Truths.Damian Szmuc & Lucas Rosenblatt - 2014 - Review of Symbolic Logic 7 (4):601-617.
    In Kripke’s classic paper on truth it is argued that by adding a new semantic category different from truth and falsity it is possible to have a language with its own truth predicate. A substantial problem with this approach is that it lacks the expressive resources to characterize those sentences which fall under the new category. The main goal of this paper is to offer a refinement of Kripke’s approach in which this difficulty does not arise. We tackle this characterization (...)
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  49.  25
    A logic of universal causation.Hudson Turner - 1999 - Artificial Intelligence 113 (1-2):87-123.
  50. The Metaphysics of Hyperspace.Hud Hudson - 2005 - Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 68 (3):672-673.
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