Results for 'Byrd amendment'

976 found
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  1.  60
    Corporate Lobbying in Antidumping Cases: Looking into the Continued Dumping and Subsidy Offset Act. [REVIEW]Seung-Hyun Lee & Yoon-Suk Baik - 2010 - Journal of Business Ethics 96 (3):467 - 478.
    Is protection for sale? In this research, we examine the effect of corporate lobbying on the disbursement of proceeds of the recent antidumping petitions under the Continued Dumping and Subsidy Offset Act, the so-called Byrd amendment. With the use of novel U. S. Customs Service data on the disbursements of the antidumping duties to the injured firms, we find that the petitioning firms that spend more on lobbying gain larger proceeds. We conclude that firms that lobby are the (...)
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  2.  65
    The State as a “Moral Person".B. Sharon Byrd - 1995 - Proceedings of the Eighth International Kant Congress 1:171-189.
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  3.  58
    Russell, logicism, and the choice of logical constants.Michael Byrd - 1989 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 30 (3):343-361.
  4. Kant, das Recht zum Kriege und der rechtliche Zustand im Verhältnis der Staaten zueinander.Sharon Byrd & Joachim Hruschka - 2008 - Archiv für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie 94 (1):70-85.
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  5.  92
    Social Studies Education as a Moral Activity: Teaching towards a just society.Daniel Byrd - 2012 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 44 (10):1073-1079.
    Many competing ideas exist around teaching ‘standard’ high school social studies subjects such as history, government, geography, and economics. The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential of social studies teaching and learning as a moral activity. I first propose that current high school curriculum standards in the United States often fail in focusing on the kinds of sustained discourse and ideas necessary for students to develop an awareness and commitment to justice in a pluralistic society. I then (...)
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  6. Divine Simplicity and Modal Collapse: A Persistent Problem.Ryan Mullins & Shannon Byrd - 2022 - European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 14 (1):21-52.
    In recent years the doctrine of divine simplicity has become a topic of interest in the philosophical theological community. In particular, the modal collapse argument against divine simplicity has garnered various responses from proponents of divine simplicity. Some even claiming that the modal collapse argument is invalid. It is our contention that these responses have either misunderstood or misstated the argument, and have thus missed the force of the objection. Our main aim is to clarify what the modal collapse argument (...)
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  7.  56
    Mirrors and metaphors: Contemporary narratives of the wolf in minnesota.Kimberly Byrd - 2002 - Ethics, Place and Environment 5 (1):50 – 65.
    This article serves as a case study of how contemporary residents of the Upper Great Lakes states debate the ethics and meanings of living with wolves. An overview of the challenges facing Minnesota wolf management is provided, and the results of a Q-methodology study are presented. The study revealed three primary factors, or shared belief systems, about wolf management in Minnesota. The idealist perspective tells a redemption story of sin and atonement, the institutional perspective endorses scientific management and rationality and (...)
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  8.  25
    Perpetual Peace: A 20th Century Project.B. Sharon Byrd - 1995 - Proceedings of the Eighth International Kant Congress 1:343-358.
  9.  29
    Eventual permanence.Michael Byrd - 1980 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 21 (3):591-601.
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  10. Dialectic in Plato's "Phaedo".Miriam Newton Byrd - 2001 - Dissertation, University of Georgia
    In this dissertation I propose a new method of interpreting Plato's Phaedo based upon Socrates' description of the "summoner" at Republic 522e--525a. I elucidate the summoner paradigm as a four step process in which one notices an apparent contradiction in perception, separates two opposites from one mixed perception, realizes the priority of the opposites, and recognizes their transcendence. In the Republic , its primary purpose is to move the subject from pistis to dianoia and from dianoia to nous. The summoner (...)
     
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  11. On Lukasiewiczian logics with several designated values.Michael Byrd - 1979 - Logique Et Analyse 22 (88):489.
     
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  12. Two Models Of Justice.B. Byrd - 1993 - Jahrbuch für Recht Und Ethik 1.
    One of the most troubling aspects of dealing with past injustice in the former East Block is the conflict between positive law and law as the expression of higher principles of justice. In his Die Metaphysik der Sitten, Kant attempts to give content to, and place limitations on, what one may reasonably call "law". The purpose of this paper is to examine Kant's theories of commutative justice in a state of nature and distributive justice in a civil state in an (...)
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  13.  42
    Standing in the Vestibule.Miriam Byrd & Jeremy Byrd - 2019 - Ancient Philosophy 39 (2):451-467.
    Proclus, an early figure in the tradition ascribing mathematical intermediates to Plato, has been neglected by more recent proponents of this interpretation. We argue that Proclus’ position should be reconsidered, for he anticipated significant problems arising from what has come to be the typical view of intermediates. To address these concerns, Proclus distinguishes between the intermediates studied in mathematics and the objects described by mathematical theorems.
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  14. Causal Network Accounts Of Ill-being: Depression & Digital Well-being.Nick Byrd - 2020 - In Christopher Burr & Luciano Floridi, Ethics of digital well-being: a multidisciplinary approach. Springer. pp. 221-245.
    Depression is a common and devastating instance of ill-being which deserves an account. Moreover, the ill-being of depression is impacted by digital technology: some uses of digital technology increase such ill-being while other uses of digital technology increase well-being. So a good account of ill-being would explicate the antecedents of depressive symptoms and their relief, digitally and otherwise. This paper borrows a causal network account of well-being and applies it to ill-being, particularly depression. Causal networks are found to provide a (...)
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  15. What Should we Believe About Free Will?Jeremy Byrd - 2019 - Erkenntnis 86 (3):505-522.
    Given the available evidence, I argue that we face considerable uncertainty about free will. In particular, I argue that the available philosophical evidence does not support being highly confident in our theories about the nature of free will, though this does not necessarily mean that we should suspend judgment about either incompatibilism or compatibilism. For those who accept incompatibilism, however, I argue that there is enough uncertainty about libertarian free will that they should suspend judgment about whether we are ever (...)
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  16.  31
    Part II of The Principles of Mathematics.Michael Byrd - 1987 - Russell: The Journal of Bertrand Russell Studies 7 (1):60-70.
  17.  22
    Part V of The Principles of Mathematics.Michael Byrd - 1994 - Russell: The Journal of Bertrand Russell Studies 14 (1):47-86.
  18.  33
    A formal interpretation of Ł ukasiewicz' logics.Michael Byrd - 1979 - Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 20 (2):366-368.
  19. Great Minds do not Think Alike: Philosophers’ Views Predicted by Reflection, Education, Personality, and Other Demographic Differences.Nick Byrd - 2023 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 14 (2):647-684.
    Prior research found correlations between reflection test performance and philosophical tendencies among laypeople. In two large studies (total N = 1299)—one pre-registered—many of these correlations were replicated in a sample that included both laypeople and philosophers. For example, reflection test performance predicted preferring atheism over theism and instrumental harm over harm avoidance on the trolley problem. However, most reflection-philosophy correlations were undetected when controlling for other factors such as numeracy, preferences for open-minded thinking, personality, philosophical training, age, and gender. Nonetheless, (...)
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  20.  74
    The extensions of BAlt.David Ullrich & Michael Byrd - 1977 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 6 (1):109 - 117.
  21. What we can (and can’t) infer about implicit bias from debiasing experiments.Nick Byrd - 2019 - Synthese (2):1-29.
    The received view of implicit bias holds that it is associative and unreflective. Recently, the received view has been challenged. Some argue that implicit bias is not predicated on “any” associative process, but it is unreflective. These arguments rely, in part, on debiasing experiments. They proceed as follows. If implicit bias is associative and unreflective, then certain experimental manipulations cannot change implicitly biased behavior. However, these manipulations can change such behavior. So, implicit bias is not associative and unreflective. This paper (...)
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  22. From the state of nature to the juridical state of states.B. Sharon Byrd & Joachim Hruschka - 2008 - Law and Philosophy 27 (6):599 - 641.
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  23. Online Conferences: Some History, Methods, and Benefits.Nick Byrd - 2021 - In Chelsea Miya, Oliver Rossier & Geoffrey Rockwell, Right Research: Modelling Sustainable Research Practices in the Anthropocene. Open Book Publishers. pp. 435–462.
    Philosophers have probably been organizing conferences since at least the time of Plato’s academy (Barnes, 1998). More recently, philosophers have brought some of their conferences online (e.g., Brown, 2009; Buckner, Byrd, Rushing, & Schwenkler, 2017; Calzavarini & Viola, 2018; Nadelhoffer, 2006). However, the adoption of online conferences is limited. One might wonder if scholars prefer traditional conferences for their ability to provide goods that online conferences cannot. While this may be true, online conferences outshine traditional conferences in various ways, (...)
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  24.  93
    Not All Who Ponder Count Costs: Arithmetic reflection predicts utilitarian tendencies, but logical reflection predicts both deontological and utilitarian tendencies.Nick Byrd & Paul Conway - 2019 - Cognition 192 (103995).
    Conventional sacrificial moral dilemmas propose directly causing some harm to prevent greater harm. Theory suggests that accepting such actions (consistent with utilitarian philosophy) involves more reflective reasoning than rejecting such actions (consistent with deontological philosophy). However, past findings do not always replicate, confound different kinds of reflection, and employ conventional sacrificial dilemmas that treat utilitarian and deontological considerations as opposite. In two studies, we examined whether past findings would replicate when employing process dissociation to assess deontological and utilitarian inclinations independently. (...)
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  25. Reflective Reasoning & Philosophy.Nick Byrd - 2021 - Philosophy Compass 16 (11):e12786.
    Philosophy is a reflective activity. So perhaps it is unsurprising that many philosophers have claimed that reflection plays an important role in shaping and even improving our philosophical thinking. This hypothesis seems plausible given that training in philosophy has correlated with better performance on tests of reflection and reflective reasoning has correlated with demonstrably better judgments in a variety of domains. This article reviews the hypothesized roles of reflection in philosophical thinking as well as the empirical evidence for these roles. (...)
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  26. Systematicity and the Cognition of Structured Domains.Robert Cummins, James Blackmon, David Byrd, Pierre Poirier, Martin Roth & Georg Schwarz - 2001 - Journal of Philosophy 98 (4):167 - 185.
    The current debate over systematicity concerns the formal conditions a scheme of mental representation must satisfy in order to explain the systematicity of thought.1 The systematicity of thought is assumed to be a pervasive property of minds, and can be characterized (roughly) as follows: anyone who can think T can think systematic variants of T, where the systematic variants of T are found by permuting T’s constituents. So, for example, it is an alleged fact that anyone who can think the (...)
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  27. Kant's Doctrine of Right: A Commentary.B. Sharon Byrd & Joachim Hruschka - 2010 - New York: Cambridge University Press. Edited by Joachim Hruschka.
    Published in 1797, the Doctrine of Right is Kant's most significant contribution to legal and political philosophy. As the first part of the Metaphysics of Morals, it deals with the legal rights which persons have or can acquire, and aims at providing the grounding for lasting international peace through the idea of the juridical state. This commentary analyzes Kant's system of individual rights, starting from the original innate right to external freedom, and ending with the right to own property and (...)
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  28.  17
    (1 other version)Foundations of Mathematics [review of C.W. Kilmister, Russell ].Michael Byrd - 1993 - Russell: The Journal of Bertrand Russell Studies 13 (1).
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  29.  72
    Analytic Atheism & Analytic Apostasy Across Cultures.Nick Byrd, Stephen Stich & Justin Sytsma - forthcoming - Religious Studies.
    Many studies find reflective thinking predicts less belief in God or less religiosity — so-called analytic atheism. However, the most widely used tests of reflection confound reflection with ancillary abilities such as numeracy, some studies do not detect analytic atheism in every country, experimentally encouraging reflection makes some non-believers more open to believing in God, and one of the most common sources of online research participants seems to produce lower data quality. So analytic atheism may be less than universal or (...)
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  30. Alternative perspectives of effective science teaching.Kenneth Tobin, Mariona Espinet, Steven E. Byrd & Daryl Adams - 1988 - Science Education 72 (4):433-451.
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  31. Representation and unexploited content.James Blackmon, David Byrd, Robert C. Cummins, Alexa Lee & Martin Roth - 2006 - In Graham Macdonald & David Papineau, Teleosemantics: New Philo-sophical Essays. New York: Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    In this paper, we introduce a novel difficulty for teleosemantics, viz., its inability to account for what we call unexploited content—content a representation has, but which the system that harbors it is currently unable to exploit. In section two, we give a characterization of teleosemantics. Since our critique does not depend on any special details that distinguish the variations in the literature, the characterization is broad, brief and abstract. In section three, we explain what we mean by unexploited content, and (...)
     
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  32.  51
    Single variable formulas in S4→.Michael Byrd - 1976 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 5 (4):439-456.
  33.  80
    Tell Us What You Really Think: A think aloud protocol analysis of the verbal cognitive reflection test.Nick Byrd, Brianna Joseph, Gabriela Gongora & Miroslav Sirota - 2023 - Journal of Intelligence 11 (4).
    The standard interpretation of cognitive reflection tests assumes that correct responses are reflective and lured responses are unreflective. However, prior process-tracing of mathematical reflection tests has cast doubt on this interpretation. In two studies (N = 201), we deployed a validated think-aloud protocol in-person and online to test how this assumption is satisfied by the new, validated, less familiar, and less mathematical verbal Cognitive Reflection Test (vCRT). Importantly, thinking aloud did not disrupt test performance compared to a control group. Moreover, (...)
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  34.  56
    Review: Incantations of Loyalty. [REVIEW]B. Sharon Byrd - 1994 - Law and Philosophy 13 (2):241 - 250.
  35. Bounded Reflectivism and Epistemic Identity.Nick Byrd - 2021 - Metaphilosophy 53 (1):53-69.
    Reflectivists consider reflective reasoning crucial for good judgment and action. Anti-reflectivists deny that reflection delivers what reflectivists seek. Alas, the evidence is mixed. So, does reflection confer normative value or not? This paper argues for a middle way: reflection can confer normative value, but its ability to do this is bound by such factors as what we might call epistemic identity: an identity that involves particular beliefs—for example, religious and political identities. We may reflectively defend our identities’ beliefs rather than (...)
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  36. One: but not the same.John Schwenkler, Nick Byrd, Enoch Lambert & Matthew Taylor - 2021 - Philosophical Studies (6).
    Ordinary judgments about personal identity are complicated by the fact that phrases like “same person” and “different person” have multiple uses in ordinary English. This complication calls into question the significance of recent experimental work on this topic. For example, Tobia (2015) found that judgments of personal identity were significantly affected by whether the moral change described in a vignette was for the better or for the worse, while Strohminger and Nichols (2014) found that loss of moral conscience had more (...)
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  37.  17
    (2 other versions)Parts III-IV of The Principles of Mathematics.Michael Byrd - 1996 - Russell: The Journal of Bertrand Russell Studies 16 (2):145-168.
  38.  39
    The extensions of BAlt3 — revisited.Michael Byrd - 1978 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 7 (1):407 - 413.
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  39. Intelligible possession of objects of choice.B. Sharon Byrd - 2010 - In Lara Denis, Kant's Metaphysics of Morals: A Critical Guide. New York: Cambridge University Press.
     
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  40.  47
    Frantz Fanon and emancipatory social theory: a view from the wretched.Dustin Byrd & Seyed Javad Miri (eds.) - 2020 - Boston: Brill.
    In Frantz Fanon and Emancipatory Social Theory: A View from the Wretched, Dustin J. Byrd and Seyed Javad Miri bring together a collection of essays by a variety of scholars who explore the lasting influence of Frantz Fanon, psychiatrist, revolutionary, and social theorist. Fanon's work not only gave voice to the "wretched" in the Algerian War of Independence (1954-1962), but also shaped the radical resistance to colonialism, empire, and racism throughout much of the world. His seminal works, such as (...)
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  41.  10
    Critical theory of religion: from the Frankfurt School to emancipatory Islamic thought.Dustin J. Byrd - 2020 - Kalamazoo, MI: Ekpyrosis Press.
    "The Critical Theory of Religion: From the Frankfurt School to Emancipatory Islamic Thought" is a collection of essay of Dr. Dustin J. Byrd, Associate Professor of Philosophy and Religion at Olivet College. The book concerns the Frankfurt School's Critical Theory of Society and how it relates to religion, especially Islam, in the contemporary world.
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  42.  9
    The Frankfurt School and the dialectics of religion: translating critical faith into critical theory.Dustin Byrd - 2020 - Kalamazoo, MI: Ekpyrosis Press, forward from the roots.
    In his book, The Frankfurt School and the Dialectics of Religion: Translating Critical Faith into Critical Theory, Dustin J. Byrd argues that at the core of the Frankfurt School's Critical Theory is a secularized theology. Unlike their predecessors, especially Feuerbach, Marx, Lenin, Freud, and Nietzsche, who argued for an abstract negation of religion, the first generation of Critical Theorists followed Hegel's logic and attempted to rescue and preserve the revolutionary, emancipatory, and liberational aspects of religion in their secular non-conformist (...)
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  43.  95
    Kant's Compatibilism in the New Eludication of the First Principles of Metaphysical Cognition.Jeremy Byrd - 2008 - Kant Studien 99 (1):68-79.
    1. Introduction It is generally assumed that, during his early pre-critical phase, Kant accepted a Leibnizian account of freedom according to which we are free to do otherwise than we do even though our actions are determined. This assumption is false. Far from endorsing such an account, Kant explicitly argues in the New Elucidation of the First Principle of Metaphysical Cognition that there is no relevant sense in which we can do otherwise than we do. Nevertheless, he is equally convinced (...)
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  44. Intuitive And Reflective Responses In Philosophy.Nick Byrd - 2014 - Dissertation, University of Colorado
    Cognitive scientists have revealed systematic errors in human reasoning. There is disagreement about what these errors indicate about human rationality, but one upshot seems clear: human reasoning does not seem to fit traditional views of human rationality. This concern about rationality has made its way through various fields and has recently caught the attention of philosophers. The concern is that if philosophers are prone to systematic errors in reasoning, then the integrity of philosophy would be threatened. In this paper, I (...)
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  45. Dialectic and Plato's Method of Hypothesis.Miriam Newton Byrd - 2007 - Apeiron 40 (2):141 - 158.
  46. Mathematics, Mental Imagery, and Ontology: A New Interpretation of the Divided Line.Miriam Byrd - 2018 - International Journal of the Platonic Tradition 12 (2):111-131.
    This paper presents a new interpretation of the objects of dianoia in Plato’s divided line, contending that they are mental images of the Forms hypothesized by the dianoetic reasoner. The paper is divided into two parts. A survey of the contemporary debate over the identity of the objects of dianoia yields three criteria a successful interpretation should meet. Then, it is argued that the mental images interpretation, in addition to proving consistent with key passages in the middle books of the (...)
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  47.  27
    Fitting the (Old) Pattern [review of George Roberts, ed., Bertrand Russell Memorial Volume ].Michael Byrd - 1986 - Russell: The Journal of Bertrand Russell Studies 6 (2):187-192.
  48.  25
    (1 other version)On the Addition of Weakened L‐Reduction Axioms to the Brouwer System.Michael Byrd - 1978 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 24 (25‐30):405-408.
  49.  32
    Age differences in high frequency phasic heart rate variability and performance response to increased executive function load in three executive function tasks.Dana L. Byrd, Erin T. Reuther, Joseph P. H. McNamara, Teri L. DeLucca & William K. Berg - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5:81401.
    The current study examines similarity or disparity of a frontally mediated physiological response of mental effort among multiple executive functioning tasks between children and adults. Task performance and phasic heart rate variability (HRV) were recorded in children (6 to 10 years old) and adults in an examination of age differences in executive functioning skills during periods of increased demand. Executive load levels were varied by increasing the difficulty levels of three executive functioning tasks: inhibition (IN), working memory (WM), and planning/problem (...)
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  50. Der usrprüngliche und a priori vereinigte Wille und seine Konsequenzen in Kants Rechtslehre.B. Byrd & Joachim Hruschka - 2006 - Jahrbuch für Recht Und Ethik 14.
    Der Beitrag bestimmt den logischen Standort und die Funktion des ursprünglich und a priori vereinigten Willens in Kants Rechtslehre. Der ursprünglich und a priori vereinigte Wille wird von einer ursprünglichen Gemeinschaft aller Menschen am Erdboden hervorgebracht, die ihrerseits auf einem ursprünglichen Recht eines jeden auf einen Platz auf dieser Erde gründet. Das ursprüngliche Recht auf einen Platz selbst folgt aus dem ursprünglichen Freiheitsrecht. Der ursprünglich vereinigte Wille richtet sich auf die Aufteilung des Erdbodens. Dadurch wird der ursprüngliche Erwerb von Sachen, (...)
     
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