Results for '18th century'

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  1. An 18th century precedent in'ethical-political'binomials?Giuseppe Galasso - 2012 - Giornale Critico Della Filosofia Italiana 8 (2):340-348.
  2.  44
    William James and 18th-century anthropology.Jerome Carroll - 2018 - History of the Human Sciences 31 (3):3-20.
    This article discusses the common ground between William James and the tradition of philosophical anthropology. Recent commentators on this overlap have characterised philosophical anthropology as combining science (in particular biology and medicine) and Kantian teleology, for instance in Kant’s seminal definition of anthropology as being concerned with what the human being makes of itself, as distinct from what attributes it is given by nature. This article registers the tension between Kantian thinking, which reckons to ground experience in a priori categories, (...)
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  3. 18th century German aesthetics.Paul Guyer - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
  4. Physics and Astronomy in 18th Century Painting in the Context of Religious and Mythological Thinking of the Epoch.Агратина Е.Е - 2025 - Philosophy and Culture (Russian Journal) 1:40-51.
    The Age of Enlightenment was characterized by passionate scientific discussions, which involved not only scientists, but also representatives of various social circles. Sciences such as physics and astronomy are becoming a hobby and entertainment, scientific experiments are being conducted at home, friends and acquaintances are invited to conduct them, and amateur scientific courses are being organized. The article highlights how these processes were reflected in the painting of the XVIII century. Science is considered not only as a widespread subject (...)
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  5.  63
    Moral motivation in early 18th century moral rationalism.Daniel Eggers - 2019 - European Journal of Philosophy 27 (3):552-574.
    In the modern debate in metaethics and moral psychology, moral rationalism is often presented as a view that cannot account for the intimate relation between moral behaviour on one hand and feelings, emotions, or desires on the other. Although there is no lack of references to the classic rationalists of the 18th century in the relevant discussions, the works of these writers are rarely ever examined detail. Yet, as the debate in Kant scholarship between “intellectualists” and “affectivists” impressively (...)
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  6.  79
    The 18th-Century Body and the Origins of Human Rights.Lynn Hunt - 2004 - Diogenes 51 (3):41-56.
    Recent historical work on changing perceptions of the human body has been influenced by Michel Foucault’s contention that the self of western individualism was created by new regimes of disciplining the body. A different approach is taken here, one that focuses on how individual bodies came to be viewed as separate and inviolable, that is, as autonomous. The separateness and inviolability of bodies can be traced in the histories of bodily practices as different as portraiture and legal torture. After 1750, (...)
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  7.  86
    Scottish Philosophy in the 18th Century.Alexander Broadie - 2001 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
    Philosophy was at the core of the eighteenth century movement known as the Scottish Enlightenment. The movement included major figures, such as Francis Hutcheson, David Hume, Adam Smith, Thomas Reid and Adam Ferguson, and also many others who produced notable works, such as Gershom Carmichael, George Turnbull, George Campbell, James Beattie, Alexander Gerard, Henry Home (Lord Kames) and Dugald Stewart. I discuss some of the leading ideas of these thinkers, though paying less attention than I otherwise would to Hume, (...)
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  8.  9
    Routledge Library Editions: 18th Century Philosophy. Various - 1991 - Routledge.
    This collection reissues 17 titles that provide an excellent overview of 18th century philosophy - as well as the debates that surround the topic. Featuring works on Berkeley, Hume, Kant and Rousseau, among others, the collection examines a host of philosophical arguments by the leading thinkers of the time. It is an essential reference collection.
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  9.  24
    Transmitting Knowledge in the 18th Century: The Case of Président de Brosses and Abate Antonio Niccolini.John Rogister - 2008 - Diogenes 55 (2):77 - 82.
    The 18th century in Europe is the ideal period to study the interaction of traditional beliefs and new ideas stemming from scientific observation and philosophical rationalization. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role played by Charles de Brosses and Antonio Niccolini in the process of transmission of knowledge coming through influential members of a European aristocracy that remained attached to traditional values. In fact, the rediscovery of the Classical heritage and its dissemination in print, albeit (...)
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  10. (1 other version)18th Century German Philosophy prior to Kant.Corey W. Dyck & Brigitte Sassen - forthcoming - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
  11.  56
    The Role of Education Redefined: 18th century British and French educational thought and the rise of the Baconian conception of the study of nature.Tal Gilead - 2011 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 43 (10):1020-1034.
    The idea that science teaching in schools should prepare the ground for society's future technical and scientific progress has played an important role in shaping modern education. This idea, however, was not always present. In this article, I examine how this idea first emerged in educational thought. Early in the 17th century, Francis Bacon asserted that the study of nature should serve to improve living conditions for all members of society. Although influential, Bacon's idea was not easily assimilated by (...)
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  12.  47
    Conceptual and Mathematical Structures of Mechanical Science in the Western Civilization around 18th Century.Raffaele Pisano & Danilo Capecchi - 2013 - Almagest 4 (2):86-21.
    One may discuss the role played by mechanical science in the history of scientific ideas, particularly in physics, focusing on the significance of the relationship between physics and mathematics in describing mathematical laws in the context of a scientific theory. In the second Newtonian law of motion, space and time are crucial physical magnitudes in mechanics, but they are also mathematical magnitudes as involved in derivative operations. Above all, if we fail to acknowledge their mathematical meaning, we fail to comprehend (...)
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  13.  33
    -18th centuries.Nick Gier - manuscript
    The term "Mughal" comes from a mispronunciation of the word "Mongol," but the Mughals of India were mostly ethnic Turks not Mongolians. However, Barbur (1483-1530), the first Mughal emperor, could trace his blood line back to Chinggis Khan. The Muslims of Central Asia had good reason to hate the Mongols because they destroyed the Abbasid Caliphate when they sacked Baghdad in 1258. During the 300 years after the death of Chinggis, the Mongol Empire had split into four parts: the Golden (...)
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  14.  92
    Medical semiotics in the 18th century: A theory of practice? [REVIEW]Volker Hess - 1998 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 19 (3):203-213.
    Medical semiotics in the 18th century was more than a premodern form of diagnosis. Its structure allowed for the combination of empirically proven rules of instruction with the theoretical knowledge of the new sciences, employing the relation between the sign and the signified.
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  15. Recent works on 18th-century philosophy.F. Vansteenberghen - 1991 - Revue Philosophique De Louvain 89 (82):302-322.
  16. Oxford Handbook of 18th Century British Philosophy.James Harris (ed.) - forthcoming
     
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  17.  32
    18th century French aesthetics.Jacques Morizot - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
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  18. Self-Love in Early 18th Century British Moral Philosophy: Shaftesbury, Mandeville, Hutcheson, Butler and Campbell.Christian Maurer - 2009 - Dissertation, Neuchâtel
    The study focuses on the debates on self-love in early 18th - century British moral philosophy. It examines the intricate relations of these debates with questions concerning human nature and morality in five central authors : Anthony Ashley Cooper the 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury, Bernard Mandeville, Francis Hutcheson, Joseph Butler and Archibald Campbell. One of the central claims of this study is that a distinction between five different concepts of self-love is necessary to achieve a clear understanding of (...)
     
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  19.  13
    Newtonianism In 18th Century Britain.John Henry & Hutchinson - 2004 - Thoemmes.
  20.  16
    Common Sense in Early 18th-Century British Literature and Culture: Ethics, Aesthetics, and Politics, 1680-1750.Christoph Henke - 2014 - De Gruyter.
    In a time of political, epistemic and aesthetic revolutions, early 18th-century Britain saw the emergence of a public discourse of common sense which had a lasting influence on cliched concepts of cultural identity. By retracing the compensatory impulses of common sense discourse and highlighting the role of literary texts in its formation and dissemination, this study challenges the received view of Augustan England as a mere Age of Reason.".
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  21.  15
    Leibniz and 18th-century Philosophy of Language.Michael Losonsky - 2023 - Lo Sguardo - Rivista di Filosofia 37 (II - Language in the Age of Enli):111-124.
    Leibniz’s work on language left a lasting impression on 18th-century philosophical thinking about language. His two major works that discussed natural language were both published in the 18th century and in these works Leibniz focused on the sound symbolism, phonology, and etymology of language, topics that played a major role for 18th-century philosophers of language. These topics belonged to what Leibniz considered the material aspects of language and were tied to the expressive powers of (...)
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  22.  10
    British Philosophy in the 17th and 18th Centuries.John Whitehead (ed.) - 1751 - Routledge.
    A key consideration in the selection of these eight titles was the scarcity of the original editions - most have never been reprinted and should therefore supplement existing library holdings of 17th and 18th century British thought. The only title published more recently, Luce's definitive biography of Berkeley, was selected because of its exceptional importance for modern scholarship - here it is included with a new introduction by David Berman.
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  23.  14
    On The 18th Century Turkish Vocabulary In “Lügat-ı F'rısî ve Arabî”.Şükrü BAŞTÜRK - 2009 - Journal of Turkish Studies 4:119-134.
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  24.  23
    An Inexplicable Effect of Imagination. Mothers’ Imagination and Its Impact on the Perceptions and Body of the Fetus. Successes and Refutations of the Malebranchist Paradigm in the 18th Century or the Fascinating Question of Psychophysical Interaction.Véronique Costa - 2024 - Iris 44.
    An error that medicine has long shared is to attribute to a desire or an effect of the mother’s imagination during gestation, the deformities, growths or spots that a child bears at birth. The imagination would be capable of imprinting external modifications on a matter and would have an impact on the perceptions and sensory development of the fetus. Returning briefly to the genealogy and posterity of the topos, this article focuses on the successes and refutations of the Malebranchist paradigm (...)
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  25.  72
    Diderot's Answer To The Problem Of Perception In The 18th Century Aesthetics.Ali Can Tural - 2024 - Dokuz Eylül University Journal of Humanities.
    The 18th century witnessed the transformation of aesthetics into an independent philosophical discipline. In this period, two main traditions emerged, based on which we can categorize aesthetic theorists. The first of these is classical or rationalist aesthetics, and the other is empiricist or subjective aesthetics. Because classical/rational aesthetic theories were largely based on Cartesian metaphysics, they also inherited the difficulties faced by Cartesian metaphysics. For Descartes, senseperception is not a reliable mode of cognition and truth only comes out (...)
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  26. English Thought in the 18th Century.Editor Editor - 1877 - Mind 2:352.
     
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  27.  38
    Animal Experimentation in 18th-Century Art: Joseph Wright of Derby: An Experiment on a Bird in an Air Pump.Linda Johnson - 2016 - Journal of Animal Ethics 6 (2):164-176.
    Despite Robert Boyle’s enthusiasm as a leading chemist in the early years of the Royal Society, his experiments on animals raised acute moral and theological issues in regard to animal suffering. Many years after Boyle’s experiments in the scientific field of pneumatics, Joseph Wright of Derby painted a complex representation of Boyle’s early experiment called An Experiment on a Bird in an Air Pump. I use an art historical methodology to resituate Wright’s imagined painting of group performance as a microcosm (...)
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  28.  22
    Booksellers’ networks between the German and Hungarian book markets in the late 18th century.Petronela Bulková - 2013 - Human Affairs 23 (3):359-372.
    In the study the author focuses on various aspects of bookselling in the late 18th century. The author seeks to describe the book market environment and the booksellers’ community in Bratislava at that time. She therefore documents communication channels between booksellers in Bratislava and their colleagues in Germany (mainly in Leipzig, Halle, and Berlin).
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  29.  5
    Voltaire, Maupertuis and the 18th century debate on the principle of least action: scientific and extrascientific features.Roberto de Andrade Martins & Ana Paula Bispo da Silva - 2021 - Filosofia Unisinos 8 (2).
    Towards the middle of the 18th century, Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis proposed the “principle of least action” as a fundamental law of physics and as a proof of the existence of God. Samuel König and other contemporary authors criticized Maupertuis’ work. There ensued a fierce discussion concerning this subject, in which Leonhard Euler, the king Frédéric II of Prussia and Voltaire took part. This paper discusses that debate, emphasizing its extrascientific features and analyzing the interests that motivated the (...)
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  30.  55
    Changing Interpretations of Plotinus: The 18th-Century Introduction of the Concept of a 'System of Philosophy'.Leo Catana - 2013 - International Journal of the Platonic Tradition 7 (1):50-98.
    This article critically explores the history and nature of a hermeneutic assumption which frequently guided interpretations of Plotinus from the 18th century onwards, namely that Plotinus advanced a system of philosophy. It is argued that this assumption was introduced relatively late, in the 18th and 19th centuries, and that it was primarily made possible by Brucker’s methodology for the history of philosophy, dating from the 1740s, to which the concept of a ‘system of philosophy’ was essential. It (...)
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  31.  9
    Deafness, gesture and sign language in the 18th century French philosophy.Josef Fulka - 2020 - Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
    The book represents a historical overview of the way the topic of gesture and sign language has been treated in the 18th century French philosophy. The texts treated are grouped into several categories based on the view they present of deafness and gesture. While some of those texts obviously view deafness and sign language in negative terms, i.e. as deficiency, others present deafness essentially as difference, i.e. as a set of competences that might provide some insights into how (...)
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  32.  18
    The Society of the Cincinnati and Exemplarity in Late 18th-Century America.Daniel Kapust - 2023 - Polis 40 (1):128-147.
    Drawing on Rex Stem’s analysis of exempla, I explore Mercy Otis Warren and John Marshall’s narrations of the Society of the Cincinnati, and Washington’s place within it, to draw out the lessons they sought to impart. Beginning with an exploration of Cincinnatus’ exemplum in antiquity, its relationship to late 18th-century portrayals of Washington, and its invocation in the establishment of the Society of the Cincinnati, I also discuss the exemplum by a prominent critic of the Society of the (...)
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  33.  2
    Digitization of the Mohylian Philosophical Heritage (17th–18th Centuries): From Dream to Realization.Mykola Symchych - 2024 - Sententiae 43 (3):234-236.
    Description of the project implementation “Manuscript Heritage of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy: Monuments of the Educational Process of the 17th–18th Centuries”.
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  34.  27
    Moral supervision and autonomous social order: wages and consumption in 18th-century economic thought.Ann Firth - 2002 - History of the Human Sciences 15 (1):39-57.
    Political oeconomy in the 18th century operated in the absence of the conception of an autonomous social order articulated in the later concepts of `the economy' and `society'. Without a self-sustaining mechanism oriented to stability and endogenous economic growth, national prosperity and social order were assumed to depend upon the detailed interventions in economic life that are characteristic of mercantilism and the police of the poor. Smith's theory that autonomous economic growth underpinned a stable order of social interdependencies (...)
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  35.  18
    The Evangelical Counter-Enlightenment: From Ecstasy to Fundamentalism in Christianity, Judaism, and Islam in the 18th Century.William R. Everdell - 2021 - Springer Verlag.
    This contribution to the global history of ideas uses biographical profiles of 18th-century contemporaries to find what Salafist and Sufi Islam, Evangelical Protestant and Jansenist Catholic Christianity, and Hasidic Judaism have in common. Such figures include Muḥammad Ibn abd al-Waḥhab, Count Nikolaus Zinzendorf, Jonathan Edwards, John Wesley, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Israel Ba’al Shem Tov. The book is a unique and comprehensive study of the conflicted relationship between the “evangelical” movements in all three Abrahamic religions and the ideas of (...)
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  36.  18
    Popular knowledge in the 18th century almanacs.Joao Luis Lisboa - 1989 - History of European Ideas 11 (1-6):509-513.
  37.  10
    Monboddo's Aristotle: An 18th century account of Mind, Soul and Language.Gregory Bridgman - unknown
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  38.  42
    A material perspective on 18th-century chemistry: Ursula Klein and Wolfgang Lefèvre: Materials in eighteenth-century science: a historical ontology. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2008. x + 345 pp, £24.95 HB.Jonathan Simon - 2010 - Metascience 19 (1):71-73.
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  39.  40
    Lockean ideas and 18th century British philosophy.Peter Loptson - 1990 - Theoria 56 (1-2):85-106.
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  40. Electricity in the 17th & 18th Centuries: A Study of Early Modern Physics. [REVIEW]John L. Heilbron - 1981 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 32 (4):426-428.
     
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  41. 17th and 18th century theories of emotions.Amy Morgan Schmitter - 2010 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
    1. Introduction: 1.1 Difficulties of Approach; 1.2 Philosophical Background. 2. The Context of Early Modern Theories of the Passions: 2.1 Changing Vocabulary; 2.2 Taxonomies; 2.3 Philosophical Issues in Theories of the Emotions. SUPPLEMENTARY DOCUMENTS: Ancient, Medieval and Renaissance Theories of the Emotions; Descartes; Hobbes; Malebranche; Spinoza; Shaftsbury; Hutcheson; Hume.
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  42.  67
    The “Eels” of South America: Mid-18th-Century Dutch Contributions to the Theory of Animal Electricity.Peter J. Koehler, Stanley Finger & Marco Piccolino - 2009 - Journal of the History of Biology 42 (4):715-763.
    During the mid-18th century, when electricity was coming into its own, natural philosophers began to entertain the possibility that electricity is the mysterious nerve force. Their attention was first drawn to several species of strongly electric fish, namely torpedoes, a type of African catfish, and a South American "eels." This was because their effects felt like those of discharging Leyden jars and could be transmitted along known conductors of electricity. Moreover, their actions could not be adequately explained by (...)
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  43.  24
    Palestine in the 18th Century. Patterns of Government and Administration.George J. Koury, Amnon Cohen & D. Bernstein - 1979 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 99 (1):144.
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  44.  17
    Scholastica colonialis: reception and development of Baroque scholasticism in Latin America, 16th-18th centuries.Roberto Hofmeister Pich & Alfredo Santiago Culleton (eds.) - 2016 - Roma: Fédération Internationale des Instituts d'Études Médiévales.
    This volume offers a significant overview of authors, works and characteristics of philosophy in Latin America in the 16th - 18th centuries, i.e. essentially "colonial scholasticism": this is actually a remarkable chapter in the history of Baroque or Modern scholasticism. This volume is a collection of studies on Latin American scholasticism originally presented at the Fourth International Conference of Medieval Philosophy at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil, November 12-14, 2012. These essays (...)
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  45.  32
    Natural Philosophy through the 18th Century and Allied Topics. [REVIEW]G. L'. E. Turner - 1973 - British Journal for the History of Science 6 (4):447-448.
  46.  15
    Lutheran Clergy in an Orthodox Empire. The Apppointment of Pastors in the Russo-Swedish Borderland in the 18th Century.Antti Räihä - 2015 - Perichoresis 13 (2):57-75.
    The history of the parishioners’ right to participate in and influence the choice of local clergy in Sweden and Finland can be taken back as far as the late Medieval Times. The procedures for electing clergymen are described in historiography as a specifically Nordic feature and as creating the basis of local self-government. In this article the features of local self-government are studied in a context where the scope for action was being modified. The focus is on the parishioners’ possibilities (...)
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  47.  33
    (1 other version)Adam Smith: 18th Century Sentimentalist or 20th Century Rationalist?Matthias Hühn - forthcoming - Business Ethics Journal Review:22-27.
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  48. Psychology in the 18th century: a view from encyclopaedias.Fernando Vidal - 1993 - History of the Human Sciences 6 (1):89-119.
  49.  10
    The Great Council of Malines in the 18th century: An Aging Court in a Changing World?An Verscuren - 2015 - Cham: Imprint: Springer.
    This work studies the Great Council of Malines as an institution. It analyzes the Council's internal organization and staff policy, its position within the broader society of the Austrian Netherlands, the volume and nature of litigation at the Council, and its final years and ultimate demise in the late 18th and early 19th century. By means of this institutional study, this volume provides insight into the role played by the Great Council in the process of state-building in the (...)
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  50.  50
    Folding in Recreational Mathematics during the 17th-18th Centuries: Between Geometry and Entertainment.Michael Friedman & Lisa Rougetet - 2017 - Acta Baltica Historiae Et Philosophiae Scientiarum 5 (2):5-34.
    This article aims to present how paper-folding activities were integrated into recreational mathematics during the 17th and the 18th centuries. Recreational mathematics was conceived during these centuries as a way not only to pique one’s curiosity, but also to communicate mathematical knowledge to the literate classes of the population. Starting with Leurechon’s 1624 Récréation mathématique, which did not contain any exercise concerning paper folding, we show how two other traditions—Dürer’s folded nets on the one hand and napkin folding on (...)
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