Cet article se propose de reprendre et d’approfondir l’épineuse question des rapports entre technologies (principalement digitales, les NTIC) et mondialisation. Généralement considérés sous l’angle d’un parallélisme (les deux vont de pair) agrémenté d’une réciprocité (et s’influençant mutuellement), ces rapports sont plus souvent postulés que décrits en détail et plus encore, questionnés. L’objectif est ici moins de qualifier de manière définitive la nature de ces liens, que de souligner la richesse du champ de réflexion, et d’en tracer les contours à (...) grands traits et de présenter quelques pistes de réflexion récentes et fécondes, autour de concepts clefs, comme la « mondialisation technologique » ou « digitale ». (shrink)

This book represents a comparison of the critique of Buddhism as set forth in the interpretations of Sankara, Madhva, and Ramanuja to the sutras of the second section (adhyaya) of the Brahma-sutras concerned with the refutation of Buddhism, ...

Lectures based on the commentaries on Brahmasūtra of Bādarāyaṇa.

Information processing in neural systems can be described and analyzed at multiple spatiotemporal scales. Generally, information at lower levels is more fine-grained but can be coarse-grained at higher levels. However, only information processed at specific scales of coarse-graining appears to be available for conscious awareness. We do not have direct experience of information available at the scale of individual neurons, which is noisy and highly stochastic. Neither do we have experience of more macro-scale interactions, such as interpersonal communications. Neurophysiological evidence (...) suggests that conscious experiences co-vary with information encoded in coarse-grained neural states such as the firing pattern of a population of neurons. In this article, we introduce a new informational theory of consciousness: Information Closure Theory of Consciousness (ICT). We hypothesize that conscious processes are processes which form non-trivial informational closure (NTIC) with respect to the environment at certain coarse-grained scales. This hypothesis implies that conscious experience is confined due to informational closure from conscious processing to other coarse-grained scales. Information Closure Theory of Consciousness (ICT) proposes new quantitative definitions of both conscious content and conscious level. With the parsimonious definitions and a hypothesize, ICT provides explanations and predictions of various phenomena associated with consciousness. The implications of ICT naturally reconcile issues in many existing theories of consciousness and provides explanations for many of our intuitions about consciousness. Most importantly, ICT demonstrates that information can be the common language between consciousness and physical reality. (shrink)

Se plantea una nueva forma de organizar el sistema educacional y se analizan algunas de sus ventajas y desafíos fundamentales. Entendiendo la educación como un sistema complejo, se incorpora la categoría del educador indirecto y de educadores de alta excelencia y calidad, que no participan directamente en el aula, pero que determinan la actividad educativa concreta que se da en ella. La presencia de los educadores indirectos en el aula involucra la reorganización del sistema educacional y la incorporación de las (...) nuevas tecnologías de la información y comunicación (NTICs). Implica también reevaluar el rol del profesor en general dentro del sistema educacional así como en el aula. (shrink)

Este artigo discute o papel das imagens e das novas tecnologias da informação e comunicação no ensino de filosofia. Primeiramente o artigo desenvolve uma abordagem teórica, apontando de que modo imagem e tecnologia podem contribuir para o ensino de filosofia. Num segundo momento apresentamos alguns relatos de nossa prática docente no ensino de filosofia utilizando essas ferramentas.

Les nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication (NTIC) se sont infiltrées dans notre vie quotidienne. Ces technologies, representées dans cet article par l‘internet et par le téléphone portable, devront montrer un potentiel encore plus remarcable dans le future, pouvant changer non seulement les structures économiques et industrielles, mais aussi la façon de penser et d’agir des êtres humains.

La collecte et l'utilisation efficace des données clients constituent un enjeu stratégique et éthique majeur pour les entreprises. Depuis les années 1990, l'arrivée des NTIC est venue bouleverser la manière avec laquelle ces données sont collectées, stockées puis utilisées. Ces pratiques ne s'opèrent pas sans que les consommateurs y trouvent à redire, considérant souvent celles-ci comme une intrusion dans leur vie privée. Ce phénomène est prégnant sur Internet qui présente un environnement dans lequel les menaces sur la vie privée (...) sont renforcées. De plus en plus d'internautes ont dès lors pris des mesures pour se protéger, y compris des restrictions sur leurs échanges d'informations et leurs achats en ligne. Ce constat invite à mieux comprendre les réactions des consommateurs face à la collecte de leurs données personnelles sur Internet. Les résultats de nos enquêtes montrent un écart entre les protections offertes par le droit et les perceptions des consommateurs à ce sujet. Ils confirment aussi un écart entre les intentions déclarées et les comportements réels. Des recommandations visant à inciter les acteurs à adopter des pratiques éthiques dans ce domaine sont présentées.The collection and efficient use of customer data is a major strategic and ethical issue for companies. Since the 1990s, ICTs have brought radical changes in the way these data are collected, stored and used. Most consumers see these practices as an intrusion into their private life. The phenomenon pervades the Internet, an environment where threats to privacy are increasing. More and more Web surfers have consequently taken measures to protect their privacy, for example by restricting exchanges of information and online purchases. This observation has prompted a survey aiming to gain a better understanding of consumer reactions to the collection of their personal data on the Web. The results of our investigations show that the legal privacy protection does not match consumer perceptions in this regard. They also confirm a difference between declared intentions and actual consumer behaviour. The concluding recommendations are designed to promote ethical data use among companies. (shrink)

K. Satchidananda Murty (1924-2011) was a vociferous writer and an iconoclast. This volume is a collection of his unpublished writings. It includes Murty's views on the Veda, its meaning, relevance, and study, and shows the significance of the Vedāntic vision to the modern world. Murty elucidates the basic tenets of Advaita Vedānta and expounds the Advaitic doctrine of the relationships between Brahman and God, Brahman and the individual self, as well as between God and the world. In his writings, Murty (...) contrasts empirical knowledge with transcendental wisdom and surveys the history of Indian science and scientific views in ancient times. The book also includes Murty's musings on the scholar Śankara's philosophy, authorship and religious life. An important contribution to Indian philosophy, the volume will be of great interest to scholars, teachers and students of Hindu philosophy, Vedāntic philosophy, Advaita Vedanta, comparative philosophy, religious studies, and South Asian studies. (shrink)

Resumen. Este artículo ofrece una propuesta enfocada a optimizar el proceso de evaluación sobre el aprovechamiento del alumno, en un ambiente virtual, mediante el concepto GROUPWARE:, técnicas de comunicación grupal, utilizando las Nuevas tecnologías de Información y las Comunicaciones [NTIC’s], como herramientas básicas, llevando el registro y seguimiento estadístico del aprovechamiento actitudinal del estudiante, posibilitando así, el uso y la construcción de índices significativos, seguros y fiables, que permitan al instructor/facilitador/tutor, gestionar de un diagnóstico, sobre el comportamiento, esfuerzo, dedicación (...) y actitud del aprendiz, obteniendo como resultado la participación integra del alumno en los cursos tomados en la plataforma colaborativa permitiendo en consecuencia las medidas preventivas/correctivas sobre la conducta continuamente observada del alumno en el entorno en línea.Palabras claves. Evaluación de enseñanza-aprendizaje, aprovechamiento del alumno, entorno en línea, enseñanza virtual, diagnóstico, indicadores.. This article provides a methodological proposal oriented to optimize the assessment process of a student performance on an on line environment through the application of group communication techniques and widespread use of the new technologies on information and telecommunication as basic tools, based one the process follow-up and statistical data collection from the student´s learning performance and behaviour to enable the construction of significant and reliable indexes thus allowing the advisor a diagnostic on the student´s attitude and performance, allowing him to take on time the adequate preventive/corrective decision measures based on a success/failure tests outputs from the student performance, on a day- to- day basis, on the line environment.Keywords. On line environment, new technologies on information and telecommunication, assessment process, teaching-learning process, student performance, groupware. (shrink)

K. Satchidananda Murty (1924-2011) was a vociferous writer and an iconoclast. This volume is a collection of his unpublished writings It presents Murty's unpublished keynote addresses, papers presented in seminars, and lectures which show his reflections and arguments in contrast to contemporary philosophers with regard to recent developments in philosophy. The writings reveal Murty's rejection of established theories by well-known eastern and western philosophers, as well as his arguments in their support, and present a new interpretation of their contention in (...) the contemporary idiom. Murty critically evaluates the contemporary arguments of Malcolm, James Ross, Alvin Plantinga, Charles Hawthorne, Jean-Paul Sartre, Anthony Flew, E.H. Madden, and P.H. Hare. An important contribution, the book assesses K. Satchidananda Murty's contribution to philosophy during sixty-one years of his engagement with active writing and teaching. It will be of great interest to scholars, teachers, and students of Indian philosophy, Hindu philosophy, Vedāntic philosophy, Advaita Vedānta, comparative philosophy, religious studies, and South Asian studies. (shrink)

The concept of the world soul is difficult to understand in large part because over the course of history it has been invoked to very different ends and within the frameworks of very different philosophical systems, with very different concepts of the world soul emerging as a result. This volume brings together eleven chapters by leading philosophers in their respective fields that collectively explore the various ways in which this concept has been understood and employed, covering the following philosophical areas: (...) Platonism, Stoicism, Medieval, Indian (Vedāntic), Kabbalah, Renaissance, Early Modern, German Romanticism, German Idealism, American Transcendentalism, and contemporary quantum mechanics and panpsychism theories. In addition, short reflections illuminate the impact the concept of the world soul has had on a small selection of areas outside of philosophy: harmony, biology (spontaneous generation), the music of Henry Purcell, psychoanalysis, and Gaia theories. (shrink)

There is a widespread belief in Hinduism that Vyāsa, the alleged editor of the Vedas and author of the Mahābhārata, is identical with Bādarāyaṇa, the author of the Brahma-sūtra. The identification of these two mythic characters, however, originated between 800–980 CE, after the likes of Śaṅkara, Padmapāda, and Bhāskara, but before Vācaspati Miśra, Prakāśātman, Sarvajñātman, and Yāmuna. The purpose of this paper is to understand how and why such identification took place. The argument developed here is that the Bādarāyaṇa-Vyāsa identity (...) was invented by the author of or community behind the Bhāgavata Purāṇa as part of a complex of self-representation strategies. The Bhāgavata intentionally makes itself a work of Vedānta, indeed the Brahma-sūtra itself, over which it builds a new soteriology that is centered on the idea of bhakti. Two factors in particular stand out in light of the Bhāgavata’s Vedāntic background: Vyāsa’s paradigmatic character as the preserver of old dharma and the innovator, visionary, of new soteriologies; and the image of Vyāsa’s son Śuka as the model ascetic and ideal candidate for the new soteriological vision, through whom the Bhāgavata community chose to represent itself. (shrink)

Advaita Vedānta is one of the best-known schools of Indian philosophy, but much of its history-a history closely interwoven with that of medieval and modern Hinduism-remains surprisingly unexplored. This book focuses on a single remarkable work and its place within that history: The Ocean of Inquiry, a vernacular compendium of Advaita Vedānta by the North Indian monk Niścaldās (ca. 1791 - 1863). Though not well known today, Niścaldās's work was once referred to by Vivekananda (himself a key figure in the (...) shaping of modern Hinduism) as the most influential book in India. The present book situates The Ocean of Inquiry as a representative of both a neglected genre (vernacular Vedānta) and a neglected period (ca. 17th-19th centuries) in the history of Indian philosophy. It argues that the rise of Advaita Vedānta to a position of prestige began well before the period of British rule in India, and that vernacular texts like The Ocean of Inquiry played an important role in popularizing Vedāntic teachings. It also offers a new appraisal of the period of late Advaita Vedānta, arguing that it should not be seen as one of barren scholasticism. For thinkers like Niścaldās, intellectual "inquiry" (vicāra) was not an academic exercise but a spiritual practice-indeed, it was the central practice on the path to liberation. The book concludes by arguing that without understanding both vernacular Vedānta and the scholasticism of the period, one cannot fully understand the emergence of modern Hinduism. (shrink)

Tandis que la mondialisation gomme les différences et que les NTIC mettent à distance un autrui toujours plus virtuel, l'altérité devient une espèce en voie de disparition. Dans le champ éducatif, le développement exponentiel du e-learning et des outils d'apprentissage à distance va également dans le sens d'une désincarnation progressive de l'enseignant qui est en train de disparaître de sa classe. Il nous semble cependant essentiel de questionner ce fondement de l'école républicaine jusqu'alors évident et qui est à présent (...) mis à mal sans autre forme de procès : la présence de l'enseignant en classe. En parcourant ce sentier de l'Etrange qui se transforme en même temps qu'il transforme celui qui l'emprunte, l'auteure n'a d'autre ambition que de comprendre ce que l'altérité peut enseigner à chacun d'entre nous. "L'Altérité enseignante" pose le cadre théorique d'une école du futur où l'altérité serait enseignante et où l'on enseignerait l'altérité. Cet ouvrage s'adresse donc à toute personne sensible au questionnement philosophique, ayant un intérêt pour les choses de l'éducation et s'interrogeant en même temps sur ses rapports à autrui, ses propres failles et les limites de toute connaissance. (shrink)

El objetivo del presente trabajo es examinar, desde un enfoque epistemológico interdisciplinar, la vigencia o la actualidad que posee la visión heideggeriana de la decadencia occidental en la infoesfera, en virtud de la superación virtual del espacio-tiempo que conllevan, a mediados del Novecientos, las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (NTIC). Como trataré de mostrar, el fenómeno óntico de la comunicación instantánea no hace sino consolidar y poner de manifiesto en la praxis histórico-vital el «máximo olvido del (...) ser» que Heidegger teoriza a nivel ontológico. (shrink)

This reflection, simultaneously nourished with a mass media research and the emotional construction carried out at La Salle University from 2009-2010, explores what the most relevant changes are in the reading conditions in the contemporary subject (digital native) from the immersion in the new information and communication technologies (NICT) in most dimensions of his life. This is in order to assess up to what point the hypothesis of the appearance of socio-semiotic structures of textual elaboration and new strategies in the (...) architecture of cultural meanings can be maintained, and what consequences it would have on the school praxis. The result of this effort leads to communicative games of open, dynamic, participative and rational/ emotional character, typical of the collective actions achieved by young people in the interactive channels on Web 2.0 (Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, Google+, Second life, blogs, wikis, etc.), and which demonstrates an illustration where the meaning plots are the effect of a creative, autonomous and democratic work, ruled by the presence of the iconic, indexical and a parallel analogical rationality. (shrink)