Results for ' Chan-Toon'

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  1.  9
    The nature and value of jurisprudence.Chan-Toon - 1889 - Littleton, Colo.: F.B. Rothman.
    The author's purpose in writing this text was to illustrate the results obtained by jurisprudence within the recent times surrounding publication, to provide a guide for beginners in the study of jurisprudence, & also to present to the reader with the manner of collecting facts & verifying sources for defending their positions.
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  2.  31
    Hidden Markov model analysis reveals the advantage of analytic eye movement patterns in face recognition across cultures.Tim Chuk, Kate Crookes, William G. Hayward, Antoni B. Chan & Janet H. Hsiao - 2017 - Cognition 169 (C):102-117.
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  3. Models as make-believe.Adam Toon - 2008 - In Roman Frigg & Matthew Hunter, Beyond Mimesis and Convention: Representation in Art and Science. Boston Studies in Philosophy of Science.
    In this paper I propose an account of representation for scientific models based on Kendall Walton’s ‘make-believe’ theory of representation in art. I first set out the problem of scientific representation and respond to a recent argument due to Craig Callender and Jonathan Cohen, which aims to show that the problem may be easily dismissed. I then introduce my account of models as props in games of make-believe and show how it offers a solution to the problem. Finally, I demonstrate (...)
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  4.  56
    Mind the level: problems with two recent nation-level analyses in psychology.Toon Kuppens & Thomas V. Pollet - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5.
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  5.  94
    Mind as Metaphor: A Defence of Mental Fictionalism.Adam Toon - 2023 - Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press.
    This book develops a new approach to the mind called mental fictionalism. The key idea behind this approach is that the mind is a useful fiction. The book begins with our ordinary conception of the mind (known as folk psychology). At present, the dominant interpretation of folk psychology sees it as an attempt to describe our inner machinery (a view the author calls Cartesianism). The representational theory of mind (or representationalism) argues that our folk theory is true, and that our (...)
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  6. Fictionalism and the folk.Adam Toon - 2016 - The Monist 99 (3):280-295.
    Mental fictionalism is the view that, even if mental states do not exist, it is useful to talk as if they do. Mental states are useful fictions. Recent philosophy of mind has seen a growing interest in mental fictionalism. To date, much of the discussion has concerned the general features of the approach. In this paper, I develop a specific form of mental fictionalism by drawing on Kendall Walton’s work on make-believe. According to the approach I propose, talk of mental (...)
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  7.  39
    Social identity salience shapes group-based emotions through group-based appraisals.Toon Kuppens, Vincent Y. Yzerbyt, Sophie Dandache, Agneta H. Fischer & Job van der Schalk - 2013 - Cognition and Emotion 27 (8):1359-1377.
    Group-based emotions have been conceptualised as being rooted in perceivers' social identity. Consistent with this idea, previous research has shown that social identity salience affects group-based emotions, but no research to date has directly examined the role of group-based appraisals in comparison with individual appraisals. In the present studies, we measured group-based appraisals through a thought-listing procedure. In Experiment 1, we explicitly reminded people of their group identity, which led to the predicted change in group-based anger. This effect was mediated (...)
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  8.  17
    The Next Pandemic: Supporting COVID-19 Frontline Doctors Through Film Discussion.Cristelle Chow, Raveen Shahdadpuri, Kam Kai-Qian & Chan Yoke Hwee - 2020 - Journal of Medical Humanities 41 (4):585-595.
    This paper describes an innovative just-in-time health humanities programme to educate and provide support to COVID-19 frontline doctors-in-training. The programme incorporates small-group screening of the Netflix documentary, The Next Pandemic from the Explained series, followed by a one-hour facilitated discussion to explore themes surrounding the current pandemic and its impact on frontline doctors in a tertiary paediatric hospital in Singapore. Themes derived from the film included preparedness, blame, and the impact on healthcare workers and public, which were further discussed to (...)
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  9.  20
    Quantifying Utilitarian Outcomes to Inform Triage Ethics: Simulated Performance of a Ventilator Triage Protocol under Sars-CoV-2 Pandemic Surge Conditions.Elizabeth Chuang, Julien Grand-Clement, Jen-Ting Chen, Carri W. Chan, Vineet Goyal & Michelle Ng Gong - 2022 - AJOB Empirical Bioethics 13 (3):196-204.
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  10. Models as make-believe: imagination, fiction, and scientific representation.Adam Toon - 2012 - New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    Models as Make-Believe offers a new approach to scientific modelling by looking to an unlikely source of inspiration: the dolls and toy trucks of children's games of make-believe.
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  11. Imagination in scientific modeling.Adam Toon - 2016 - In Amy Kind, The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy of Imagination. New York: Routledge. pp. 451-462.
    Modeling is central to scientific inquiry. It also depends heavily upon the imagination. In modeling, scientists seem to turn their attention away from the complexity of the real world to imagine a realm of perfect spheres, frictionless planes and perfect rational agents. Modeling poses many questions. What are models? How do they relate to the real world? Recently, a number of philosophers have addressed these questions by focusing on the role of the imagination in modeling. Some have also drawn parallels (...)
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  12. Mental Fictionalism: Elements in Philosophy of Mind.T. Parent, Adam Toon & Tamas Demeter - manuscript
    [Under contract with CUP, in preparation] What is a mind? Is it possible for a computer or other machine to have a mind? And how would we know? Mental fictionalism offers a new approach to these timely questions. Its central idea is that mental states (thoughts, beliefs, desires) are useful fictions. When we talk about mental states, we should be seen as merely speaking “as if” humans (and perhaps other creatures or even artifacts) had such states, in order to make (...)
     
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  13. Minds, materials and metaphors.Adam Toon - 2021 - Philosophy 96 (2):181-203.
    What is the relationship between mental states and items of material culture, like notebooks, maps or lists? The extended mind thesis offers an influential and controversial answer to this question. According to ExM, items of material culture can form part of the material basis for our mental states. Although ExM offers a radical view of the location of mental states, it fits comfortably with a traditional, representationalist account of the nature of those states. I argue that proponents of ExM would (...)
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  14. Where is the understanding?Adam Toon - 2015 - Synthese 192 (12):3859-3875.
    Recent work in epistemology and philosophy of science has argued that understanding is an important cognitive state that philosophers should seek to analyse. This paper offers a new perspective on understanding by looking to work in philosophy of mind and cognitive science. Understanding is normally taken to be inside the head. I argue that this view is mistaken. Often, understanding is a state that criss-crosses brain, body and world. To support this claim, I draw on extended cognition, a burgeoning framework (...)
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  15. Empiricism for cyborgs.Adam Toon - 2014 - Philosophical Issues 24 (1):409-425.
    One important debate between scientific realists and constructive empiricists concerns whether we observe things using instruments. This paper offers a new perspective on the debate over instruments by looking to recent discussion in philosophy of mind and cognitive science. Realists often speak of instruments as ‘extensions’ to our senses. I ask whether the realist may strengthen her view by drawing on the extended mind thesis. Proponents of the extended mind thesis claim that cognitive processes can sometimes extend beyond our brains (...)
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  16. Playing with molecules.Adam Toon - 2011 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 42 (4):580-589.
    Recent philosophy of science has seen a number of attempts to understand scientific models by looking to theories of fiction. In previous work, I have offered an account of models that draws on Kendall Walton’s ‘make-believe’ theory of art. According to this account, models function as ‘props’ in games of make-believe, like children’s dolls or toy trucks. In this paper, I assess the make-believe view through an empirical study of molecular models. I suggest that the view gains support when we (...)
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  17. Mranʻ māʹ yutti paññā ʼa yū toʻ Maṅgālā / Chaṅʻ ̋Lvaṅʻ.Chaṅʻ ̋Lvaṅʻ - 2004 - ʼAṅʻ ̋cinʻ, Ranʻ kunʻ: [Phranʻʹ khyi re]̋, ʼĀ ̋mānʻ sacʻ Cā pe.
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  18. Ratanā suṃʺ pāʺ kui yuṃ kraññʻ kuiʺ kvayʻ chaññʻʺ kapʻ lā sū tacʻ yokʻ ʼa kronʻʺ.Chanʻʺ Lvaṅʻ - 1989 - Ranʻ kunʻ: Cā khyacʻ sū Cā cañʻ.
     
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  19.  43
    P300 Speller Performance Predictor Based on RSVP Multi-feature.Kyungho Won, Moonyoung Kwon, Sehyeon Jang, Minkyu Ahn & Sung Chan Jun - 2019 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 13:453038.
    Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems were developed so that people can control computers or machines through their brain activity without moving their limbs. The P300 speller is one of the BCI applications used most commonly, as is very simple and reliable and can achieve satisfactory performance. However, like other BCIs, the P300 speller still has room for improvements in terms of its practical use, for example, selecting the best compromise between spelling accuracy and information transfer rate (ITR; speed) so that the (...)
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  20.  32
    Reflexive Modernization and the End of the Nation State. On the Eclipse of the Political in Ulrich Beck's Cosmopolitanism.Toon Braeckman - 2008 - Ethical Perspectives 15 (3):343-367.
    The theory of reflexive modernization plausibly advocates postnational cosmopolitanism. As the nation state is eroding today, we are becoming citizens of a ‘global risk society’ whose unity and cohesion is generated by the risk that is threatening us world-wide. By the same token, this world risk society is no longer unified in any political sense. There is no world state; its very idea is even rejected. In this sense, the cosmopolitanism argued for in the theory of reflexive modernization proves predominantly (...)
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  21.  95
    White-Matter Structural Connectivity in Relation to Humor Styles: An Exploratory Study.Ching-Lin Wu, Suyu Zhong, Yu-Chen Chan, Hsueh-Chih Chen & Yong He - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  22.  47
    Neoliberalisme en de symbolische institutie van de samenleving. Lefort en Foucault over de staat en'het politieke'.Toon Braeckman - 2013 - Tijdschrift Voor Filosofie 73 (3):525-551.
    This essay sets up a dialogue between Lefort’s view on the relationship between the state and modern society and Foucault’s thesis of a governmental turn in the modern power regime, whereby the relations between state and society are thoroughly redrawn. What are the main results? 1) Whereas Lefort’s political ontology leaves room for divergent agencies from which the symbolic institution of the social may unfold, his preoccupation with democracy leans him to inseparably link the symbolic institution of modern society with (...)
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  23.  24
    What do we owe the world's poor?Toon Vandevelde - 2005 - Ethical Perspectives 12 (4):481-496.
    In his Law of Peoples, Rawls severely restricts our duties of justice towards the global poor. Many of his critics have replied that there actually exists a global basic structure and that hence the difference principle applies on a global scale.However the shipwrecked of globalization do not contribute in any substantial way to the creation of global wealth. We show that Martha Nussbaum’s cosmopolitan solution to this problem is unsatisfactory because it ignores scarcity as one of the circumstances of justice.If (...)
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  24. Similarity and Scientific Representation.Adam Toon - 2012 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 26 (3):241-257.
    The similarity view of scientific representation has recently been subjected to strong criticism. Much of this criticism has been directed against a ?naive? similarity account, which tries to explain representation solely in terms of similarity between scientific models and the world. This article examines the more sophisticated account offered by the similarity view's leading proponent, Ronald Giere. In contrast to the naive account, Giere's account appeals to the role played by the scientists using a scientific model. A similar move is (...)
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  25.  20
    Culture Change and Affectionate Communication in China and the United States: Evidence From Google Digitized Books 1960–2008.Michael Shengtao Wu, Boyuan Li, Liangliang Zhu & Chan Zhou - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
    Humans are born with the ability and the need for affection, but communicating affection as a social behavior is historically bound. Based on the digitized books of Google Ngram Viewer from 1960 through 2008, the present research investigated the affectionate communication (AC) in China and in the US, and its changing landscape along with social changes from collectivist to individualistic environments. In particular, we analyzed the frequency in terms of verbal affection (e.g., love you, like you), non-verbal affection (e.g., hug, (...)
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  26. Impact of COVID-19 on liver transplantation in Hong Kong and Singapore: A modelling study.Eunice Tan, Wei Liang Quek, Haroun Chahed, Shridhar Ganpathi Iyer, Prema Raj Jeyaraj, Guan-Huei Lee, Albert Chan, Stephanie Cheng, Jan Hoe, Ek Khoon Tan, Lock Yue Chew, James Fung, Melvin Chen, Mark Muthiah & Daniel Huang - 2021 - The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific 16:100262.
    Liver transplantation (LT) activities during the COVID-19 pandemic have been curtailed in many countries. The impact of various policies restricting LT on outcomes of potential LT candidates is unclear. We studied all patients on the nationwide LT waitlists in Hong Kong and Singapore between January 2016 and May 2020. We used continuous time Markov chains to model the effects of different scenarios and varying durations of disruption on LT candidates.
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  27.  94
    Direct medical costs of care for Chinese patients with colorectal neoplasia: a health care service provider perspective.Carlos K. H. Wong, Cindy L. K. Lam, Jensen T. C. Poon, Sarah M. McGhee, Wai-Lun Law, Dora L. W. Kwong, Janice Tsang & Pierre Chan - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (6):1203-1210.
  28.  49
    Validity and reliability study on traditional Chinese FACT‐C in Chinese patients with colorectal neoplasm.Carlos Kh Wong, Cindy Lk Lam, Wai‐Lun Law, Jensen Tc Poon, Pierre Chan, Dora Lw Kwong & Janice Tsang - 2012 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 18 (6):1186-1195.
  29. The ontology of theoretical modelling: models as make-believe.Adam Toon - 2010 - Synthese 172 (2):301-315.
    The descriptions and theoretical laws scientists write down when they model a system are often false of any real system. And yet we commonly talk as if there were objects that satisfy the scientists’ assumptions and as if we may learn about their properties. Many attempt to make sense of this by taking the scientists’ descriptions and theoretical laws to define abstract or fictional entities. In this paper, I propose an alternative account of theoretical modelling that draws upon Kendall Walton’s (...)
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  30. The Story of the Ghost in the Machine.Adam Toon - 2021 - In Sonia Sedivy, Art, Representation, and Make-Believe: Essays on the Philosophy of Kendall L. Walton. New York: Routledge.
  31. De pater en de filosoof: de redding van het Husserl-archief.Toon Horsten - 2018 - Antwerpen: Uitgeverij Vrijdag.
     
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  32. Friends at last? Distributed cognition and the cognitive/social divide.Adam Toon - 2014 - Philosophical Psychology 27 (1):1-14.
    Distributed cognition (d-cog) claims that many cognitive processes are distributed across groups and the surrounding material and cultural environment. Recently, Nancy Nersessian, Ronald Giere, and others have suggested that a d-cog approach might allow us to bring together cognitive and social theories of science. I explore this idea by focusing on the specific interpretation of d-cog found in Edwin Hutchins' canonical text Cognition in the wild. First, I examine the scope of a d-cog approach to science, showing that there are (...)
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  33.  44
    Adam's fibroblast? The (pluri)potential of iPCs.S. Chan & J. Harris - 2008 - Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (2):64-66.
    Two groups of scientists have just announced what is being described as a leap forward in human stem cell research.1–3 Both have found ways of producing what are being called “induced pluripotent cells” , stem cells that they hope will demonstrate the same key properties of regeneration and unrestricted differentiation that human embryonic stem cells possess, but which are derived from skin cells not from embryos. In simple terms, these scientists have succeeded in reprogramming skin cells to behave like hESCs.Stem (...)
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  34. Ten geleide.Toon Braeckman & Stefan Rummens - 2011 - Wijsgerig Perspectief 50 (2).
    Populisme. Sinds extreem rechts recent een bepaald soort salonfähigkeit heeft weten te verwerven in het democratische bestel wordt de term door zelfverklaarde democraten te pas en te onpas gehanteerd om bijvoorkeur ‘rechtse’, maar bij uitbreiding ook alle andere tegenstanders te desavoueren die uit zijn op al te gemakkelijk politiek succes. Vanuit dat perspectief veroorzaakt de term ‘populisme’ geen enkel probleem: het is een dankbare politieke diskwalificatie die iedereen graag gebruikt, maar die niemand graag krijgt toebedeeld.
     
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  35.  88
    Nursing and Euthanasia: a Review of Argument-Based Ethics Literature. [REVIEW]Toon Quaghebeur, Bernadette Dierckx de Casterlé & Chris Gastmans - 2009 - Nursing Ethics 16 (4):466-486.
    This article gives an overview of the nursing ethics arguments on euthanasia in general, and on nurses' involvement in euthanasia in particular, through an argument-based literature review. An in-depth study of these arguments in this literature will enable nurses to engage in the euthanasia debate. We critically appraised 41 publications published between January 1987 and June 2007. Nursing ethics arguments on (nurses' involvement in) euthanasia are guided primarily by the principles of respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence and justice. Ethical arguments (...)
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  36.  13
    De draaideur: van impasse naar uitweg.Toon Kerkhoff & Arco Timmermans - 2018 - Res Publica 60 (3):235-257.
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  37.  79
    The Place of Ethics in the Christian Tradition and the Confucian Tradition: A Methodological Prolegomenon: YOUNG-CHAN RO.Young-Chan Ro - 1986 - Religious Studies 22 (1):51-62.
    Comparative study of religions and philosophies, in spite of its significance and urgency, has been neither fully appreciated nor developed in the study of religion or philosophy. Comparative study, historically speaking, is still young and complex in its approach. Religious Studies as an intellectual discipline has traditionally concentrated on the investigation of a single tradition, enabling a student to become an ‘expert’ in that particular tradition. The world in which we live, however, no longer allows us to be content with (...)
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  38. Legitimacy, Unanimity, and Perfectionism.Joseph Chan - 2000 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 29 (1):5-42.
  39. Moral enhancement and pro-social behaviour.Sarah Chan & John Harris - 2011 - Journal of Medical Ethics 37 (3):130-131.
    Moral enhancement is a topic that has sparked much current interest in the world of bioethics. The possibility of making people ‘better,’ not just in the conventional enhancement sense of improving health and other desirable qualities and capacities, but by making them somehow more moral, more decent, altogether better people, has attracted attention from both advocates 1 2 and sceptics 3 alike. The concept of moral enhancement, however, is fraught with difficult questions, theoretical and practical. What does it actually mean (...)
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  40. Rawls' Theory of Justice: A Naturalistic Evaluation.Ho Mun Chan - 2005 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 30 (5):449-465.
  41.  2
    Reflections on Things at Hand: The Neo-confucian Anthology. Transl., with Notes, by Wing-tsit Chan.Hsi Chu, Wing-Tsit Chan & Tsu-ch'ien Lü - 1967 - Columbia University Press.
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  42.  87
    Corporate Governance Quality and CSR Disclosures.MuiChing Carina Chan, John Watson & David Woodliff - 2014 - Journal of Business Ethics 125 (1):1-15.
    Given the increasing importance attached to both corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate governance, this study investigates the association between these two complimentary mechanisms used by companies to enhance relations with stakeholders. Consistent with both legitimacy and stakeholder theory and controlling for industry profile, firm size, stockholder power/dispersion, creditor power/leverage, and economic performance, our analysis of the annual reports for a sample of 222 listed companies suggests that firms providing more CSR information: have better corporate governance ratings; are larger; belong (...)
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  43.  23
    Paul Allen Miller, Foucault’s Seminars on Antiquity: Learning to Speak the Truth. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2021. Pp. 232. [REVIEW]Toon Meijaard - 2022 - Foucault Studies 32:105-108.
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  44. Models, Sherlock Holmes and the Emperor Claudius.Adam Toon - manuscript
    Recently, a number of authors have suggested that we understand scientific models in the same way as fictional characters, like Sherlock Holmes. The biggest challenge for this approach concerns the ontology of fictional characters. I consider two responses to this challenge, given by Roman Frigg, Ronald Giere and Peter Godfrey-Smith, and argue that neither is successful. I then suggest an alternative approach. While parallels with fiction are useful, I argue that models of real systems are more aptly compared to works (...)
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  45. Introduction: Aiming at Truth.Timothy Chan - 2013 - In Timothy Hoo Wai Chan, The Aim of Belief. Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press. pp. 1-16.
    In this introductory chapter to the volume The Aim of Belief, the editor surveys the fundamental questions in current debates surrounding the aim of belief, and identifies the major theoretical approaches. The main arguments of the ten contributions to the volume are outlined and located in the context of the existing literature.
     
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  46. The rise of artificial intelligence and the crisis of moral passivity.Berman Chan - 2020 - AI and Society 35 (4):991-993.
    Set aside fanciful doomsday speculations about AI. Even lower-level AIs, while otherwise friendly and providing us a universal basic income, would be able to do all our jobs. Also, we would over-rely upon AI assistants even in our personal lives. Thus, John Danaher argues that a human crisis of moral passivity would result However, I argue firstly that if AIs are posited to lack the potential to become unfriendly, they may not be intelligent enough to replace us in all our (...)
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  47.  74
    Medical ethics: a brief response to Seedhouse.P. D. Toon - 1995 - Journal of Medical Ethics 21 (1):47-48.
    Medical ethics is that branch of applied philosophy which considers issues of values raised by medical practice, and should not be equated with 'principlism'. Clarification of facts/values distinctions is an important part of this work. The notion that medical philosophy can flourish in the hands of medical 'generalists' without specialist philosophers, is misguided. Both must work together to promote right reason and right action in medical education and practice.
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  48. Russellian Physicalism and its Dilemma.Lok-Chi Chan - 2020 - Philosophical Studies 178:2043-2062.
    Russellian monism – an influential doctrine proposed by Russell (1927/1992) – is roughly the view that the natural sciences can only ever tell us about the causal, dispositional, and structural properties of physical entities and not about their categorical properties, and, moreover, that our qualia are constituted by categorical properties. Recently, Stoljar (2001a, 2001b), Strawson (2008), Montero (2010, 2015), Alter and Nagasawa (2012), and Chalmers (2015) have attempted to develop this doctrine into a version of physicalism. Russellian monism faces the (...)
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  49.  28
    Acts and omissions doctrine and abortion.P. D. Toon - 1985 - Journal of Medical Ethics 11 (4):217-217.
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  50.  28
    What is to be Done about Illness and Health? -- Crisis In The Eighties.P. D. Toon - 1985 - Journal of Medical Ethics 11 (4):215-215.
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