La lettre tue particulièrement dans la Doctrine de la science

Laval Théologique et Philosophique 72 (1):83-99 (2016)
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Abstract

Claude Piché | : Il est symptomatique que Fichte ait destiné la première version écrite de sa Doctrine de la science « à ses auditeurs », c’est-à-dire aux étudiants de l’Université d’Iéna où il venait d’entrer en fonction. En effet, Fichte a toujours cru que la lettre de l’exposé proprement scientifique de sa philosophie devait être accompagnée d’une explicitation orale, privilégiant ainsi un contact direct avec l’auditoire en vue d’éviter les malentendus. Tout au long de sa carrière, il s’est en vérité résolument méfié de l’« écrit » et c’est la radicalité de cette attitude qui explique en partie le différend qui s’est fait jour entre lui et Schiller à propos de l’article sur l’« esprit et la lettre en philosophie ». Ces deux termes prennent sous la plume de Fichte une signification inattendue qui témoigne de manière privilégiée de la façon dont il envisage la philosophie transcendantale et son mode de transmission. | : It is striking to notice that Fichte intended the first written version of his Doctrine of Science “for his listeners,” namely for the students of the University of Jena where he had just taken up his post. Fichte in fact always believed that the ‘letter’ of the scientific exposition of his philosophy should be accompanied by an oral explanation, so as to establish a direct contact with his audience in order to avoid misunderstandings. Throughout his career, he was suspicious of the “written” word ; this radical attitude explains at least in part the disagreement that took place between him and Schiller concerning the article “on the spirit and the letter in philosophy.” Under Fichte’s pen, these two terms take on an unexpected meaning that illustrates, in a priviledged way, how he envisages transcendental philosophy and its mode of transmission.

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