Straipsnio tikslas – išplėtoti Ludwigo Wittgensteino mintį apie mistinius moralės elementus. Tai daroma remiantis Blaise’o Pascalio ir Immanuelio Kanto idėjomis. Pascalis kalbėjo apie meilės fenomeno mistiškumą. Kantas samprotavo apie praktinio proto mistiką. Šių dviejų autorių moralės samprata leidžia kalbėti apie mistinius moralės elementus. Remiantis Pascalio ir Kanto idėjomis, bandoma įrodyti, kad mistika nėra vien religinio mąstymo dalis, bet gali būti traktuojama kaip svarbus moralinio patyrimo elementas. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: moralė, mokslas, mistika, meilė, transcendentalizmas. Mysticism of Morality Alvydas Jokubaitis Summary (...) The aim of this article is to develop Wittgenstein’s idea of mystical elements of morality. This is done by invoking the thoughts of Blaise Pascal and Immanuel Kant. Pascal talked about mysticism of love. Kant philosophized about the mysticism of practical reason. The conception of morality developed by these two thinkers allows us to speak about mystical elements of morality. Building on from the ideas of Pascal and Kant one can try to prove that mysticism is not exclusively part of religious mode of thinking but should be treated as important part of moral experience. Science demands the usage of empirical facts. Religious people are mystics, they acknowledge entities that are not describable in scientific terms. Discussions about mysticism do not necessarily have to be based on religion. Scientists cannot accept the proposition “God exists” or “the soul is immortal”, there is no sense in talking about mysticism with them. Another way of defending mysticism looks much more promising – to prove that moral judgement has mystical elements. Ludwig Wittgenstein thought that ethics cannot be expressed in ordinary scientific language but directs towards something that is absolute and mystical. Wittgenstein thought that science is capable of exhausting the entirety of valid propositions. In his opinion, sentences about morality center on things that are absolute, transcending the world of empirical facts. This viewpoint is in agreement with the basic intentions we find in philosophy of morality of Pascal and Kant. Ethical judgement can be interpreted as one of many forms of mystical thinking. Mystical approach to ethics is dislodged to the margins of Western philosophical discourse. This has very much to do with philosophers’ distrust in religion. This article presents arguments, which prove that we can reasonably talk about mysticism of morality. Keywords: mortality, science, mysticism, love, transcendentalism. (shrink)

Koje su mogućnosti čovjeka da preokrene putove razvoja prema mogućim civilizacijskim rješenjima, osnovno je pitanje na koje Fritjof Capra pokušava odgovoriti. Rad prikazuje na koji način Capra vidi krizu suvremenog društva i znanosti, te koje alternative vidi kao rješenja; njegov angažman pokazuje se u cjelini kao etički usmjeren na spoznaju načina odnosa u svijetu, čovjekove naravi i njegova najvišeg dobra, te je praktički usmjeren na razumijevanje konkretnog čovjekova opstanka. U radu se postavlja pitanje o mogućnosti uspoređivanja uvida istočnjačkih mistika (...) i suvremenih fizičara, onako kako to radi Fritjof Capra, te na koje se probleme nailazi kada se metode, nekada udaljenih kultura, postavljaju kao relevantni učesnici naše svakodnevne prakse. Caprini uvidi u uzroke krize, analizom mehanicističko-znanstvenog pristupa i prikaz posljedica koje je takav pristup prouzročio, pogađaju u srž problema. Njegove opservacije i primjedbe na stanje u svijetu razložne su i korisne široj stručnoj publici. Međutim, njegovo viđenje izlaska iz krize, odnosno njezino rješenje ili nadvladavanje zapada u svojevrsni religijsko-znanstveni sinkretizam, s jedne strane, a s druge u scijentizam i konstruktivizam.This work questions the possibility of comparing the insights of eastern mysticism and modern physical science in a way of Fritjof Capra and also tries to present the problems of stating the methods of once distant cultures as relevant factors in our daily practice. While arguing for such comparison we face a lot of questions: are mysticism and modern physical science on different levels of reality; is there any sense in considering these levels “restricted”; are mysticism and modern physical science operating inside separated realms of reality with non-existent trans-level concepts and relations; – these being only a few questions opened by this perspectival comparison. In the last case, for example, if two realms of reality exist, one is opened to symbolic consciousness and linguistically expressible, and the other one is opened to non symbolic consciousness and linguistically non-expressible. Though this Capra’s approach is in many aspects obscure and questionable in substantive level, it, however, on methodological level completely fits into orientational frame of bioethics as multi-perspectival area. (shrink)

The article starts from the analysis of Jaspers’ concept of death as a limit situation, with special reference to the difference between Dasein and existence. Particular attention is paid to the way in which Jaspers determines the relationship between death and transcendence. Jaspersian death is also interpreted as “atemporalizing” eternity. It is emphasized that his philosophical thanatology is fundamentally different from the Stoic and Epicurean view of death. In contrast to Peach’s interpretation, it is suggested that an adequate reading of (...) Jaspers’s philosophy of death combines mystical and existential aspects. On the other hand, contrary to Csejtei’s claim, the article shows that death in Jaspers is not solipsistic but has a very strong intersubjective dimension. Accordingly, the death of the Other is interpreted in the context of love. (shrink)