Results for 'existence hedges'

937 found
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  1. Existence hedges, neutral free logic and truth.Jan Heylen - forthcoming - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy.
    Semantic externalism in the style of McDowell and Evans faces a puzzle formulated by Pryor: to explain that a sentence such as 'Jack exists' is only a posteriori knowable, despite being logically entailed by the seemingly logical truth 'Jack is self-identical', and hence being itself a logical truth and therefore a priori knowable. Free logics can dissolve the puzzle. Moreover, Pryor has argued that the existentially hedged 'If Jack exists, then Jack is self-identical', when properly formalised, is a logical truth (...)
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  2.  75
    Existence Hedges and Neutral Free Logic.Daniel Yeakel - 2016 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 116 (3):379-386.
    I argue that neutral free logic and existence hedging are incompatible. Primarily, I respond to proposals by James Pryor intended to reconcile the two. Consideration of those proposals will reveal that on any neutral free logic either some existence hedges will entail some undesired existence claims, or they will not entail some desired existence claims.
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  3.  65
    Brain processes and holistic isomorphism: Moving toward a humanistic neuroscience.Bruce L. Brown, Dawson W. Hedges & Edwin E. Gantt - 2008 - Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 28 (2):356-374.
    A common quest among theoretical psychologists is the transformation of psychology to accommodate human agency and meaning. Several strong experimental methods are used in cognitive neuroscience but are based almost entirely upon a mechanistic ontology. A step toward rapprochement is proposed using precise and powerful experimental methods that are holistic, individualized, and compatible with an agentive ontology. Such methods must be applicable to all aspects of human experience, the subjective and agentive aspects, as well as the behavioural and the neurophysiological (...)
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  4.  16
    We are surprised; wasn’t Iran disgraced there? A functional analysis of hedges and boosters in televised Iranian and American presidential debates.Maryam Alavi-Nia & Alireza Jalilifar - 2012 - Discourse and Communication 6 (2):135-161.
    By the slant of their aims, presidential candidates rely on their own rhetorical arsenal to win the acquiescence of the public. Hedges and boosters, two subcategories of metadiscourse markers, are among the rhetorical tropes which assist politicians to increase or decrease commitment, blur or sharpen the boundaries between good and evil, and bolster or emasculate solidarity. Despite the many functions hedges and boosters can play in political discourse, studies that address these devices in relation to their persuasive effect (...)
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  5. The Evidentialist's Wager.William MacAskill, Aron Vallinder, Caspar Oesterheld, Carl Shulman & Johannes Treutlein - 2021 - Journal of Philosophy 118 (6):320-342.
    Suppose that an altruistic agent who is uncertain between evidential and causal decision theory finds herself in a situation where these theories give conflicting verdicts. We argue that even if she has significantly higher credence in CDT, she should nevertheless act in accordance with EDT. First, we claim that the appropriate response to normative uncertainty is to hedge one's bets. That is, if the stakes are much higher on one theory than another, and the credences you assign to each of (...)
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  6. Veridicality and the acquisition of think.Peter Van Elswyk - forthcoming - Linguistics and Philosophy.
    Across numerous languages, the attitude verb "think" is learned later than other attitude verbs like "want." But why? This essays advances a new hypothesis: children initially treat think as a veridical yet non-factive verb akin to a class of verbs I call "confirmatives." This hypothesis is argued to better explain existing data that troubles other hypotheses, and to find support from the ease with which children represent knowledge but not belief.
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  7.  20
    Acute Exercise-Induced Set Shifting Benefits in Healthy Adults and Its Moderators: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Max Oberste, Sophia Sharma, Wilhelm Bloch & Philipp Zimmer - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Background: Positive effects of acute exercise on cognitive performances in general inspired research that investigated the effects of acute exercise on specific cognitive subdomains. Many existing studies examined beneficial effects of acute exercise on subsequent set shifting performance in healthy adults. Set shifting, a subdomain of executive function, is the ability to switch between different cognitive sets. The results of existing studies are inconsistent. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted that pooled available effect sizes. Additionally, moderator analyses were carried out to (...)
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  8. Intertheoretic Value Comparison: A Modest Proposal.Christian Tarsney - 2018 - Journal of Moral Philosophy 15 (3):324-344.
    In the growing literature on decision-making under moral uncertainty, a number of skeptics have argued that there is an insuperable barrier to rational "hedging" for the risk of moral error, namely the apparent incomparability of moral reasons given by rival theories like Kantianism and utilitarianism. Various general theories of intertheoretic value comparison have been proposed to meet this objection, but each suffers from apparently fatal flaws. In this paper, I propose a more modest approach that aims to identify classes of (...)
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  9. What does it mean to occupy?Tim Gilman & Matt Statler - 2012 - Continent 2 (1):36-39.
    Place mouse over image continent. 2.1 (2012): 36–39. From an ethical and political perspective, people and property can hardly be separated. Indeed, the modern political subject – that is, the individual, the person, the self, the autonomous actor, the rational self-interest maximizer, etc. – has taken shape in and through the elaboration, institutionalization, and enactment of that which rightfully belongs to it. This thread can be traced back perhaps most directly to Locke’s notion that the origin of the political state (...)
     
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  10.  21
    Expected return—expected loss approach to optimal portfolio investment.Pavlo Blavatskyy - 2022 - Theory and Decision 94 (1):63-81.
    Standard models of portfolio investment rely on various statistical measures of dispersion. Such measures favor returns smoothed over all states of the world and penalize abnormally low as well as abnormally high returns. A model of portfolio investment based on the tradeoff between expected return and expected loss considers only abnormally low returns as undesirable. Such a model has a comparative advantage over other existing models in that a first-order stochastically dominant portfolio always has a higher expected return and a (...)
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  11.  15
    Constraints on generality.Joseph Wilson - 2020 - The Digital Scholar: Philosopher's Lab 3 (1):51-66.
    Generic propositions are statements that make general claims about ‘kinds’ that are found in a wide variety of written genres and speech. By definition, generics do not include in their structure any reference to the conditions under which they hold true. Their misuse in popular scientific writing, however, can erode the public’s confidence in the process of science itself when they discover that conclusions are highly contingent on certain truth conditions. The language used in scholarly scientific papers often includes qualifiers (...)
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  12.  24
    A Novel Modeling Technique for the Forecasting of Multiple-Asset Trading Volumes: Innovative Initial-Value-Problem Differential Equation Algorithms for Reinforcement Machine Learning.Mazin A. M. Al Janabi - 2022 - Complexity 2022:1-16.
    Liquidity risk arises from the inability to unwind or hedge trading positions at the prevailing market prices. The risk of liquidity is a wide and complex topic as it depends on several factors and causes. While much has been written on the subject, there exists no clear-cut mathematical description of the phenomena and typical market risk modeling methods fail to identify the effect of illiquidity risk. In this paper, we do not propose a definitive one either, but we attempt to (...)
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  13. Moral Generalism: Enjoy in Moderation.Pekka Väyrynen - 2006 - Ethics 116 (4):707-741.
    I defend moral generalism against particularism. Particularism, as I understand it, is the negation of the generalist view that particular moral facts depend on the existence of a comprehensive set of true moral principles. Particularists typically present "the holism of reasons" as powerful support for their view. While many generalists accept that holism supports particularism but dispute holism, I argue that generalism accommodates holism. The centerpiece of my strategy is a novel model of moral principles as a kind of (...)
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  14.  11
    Hybrid Experiments in Higher Education: General Trends and Local Factors at the Academic–Business Boundary.Chisato Fukada, Sigrid Peterson, Greg Downey, Noah Weeth Feinstein & Daniel Lee Kleinman - 2018 - Science, Technology, and Human Values 43 (3):540-569.
    In response to the many pressures facing public higher education, public universities are experimenting with business-oriented practices that seem likely to alter their nature and purposes. In this paper, we examine several hybrid experiments—new organizational strategies intended deliberately, sometimes explicitly, to hybridize the traditional norms and practices associated with academia and business at one emblematic public university. These cases illustrate how each hybrid experiment is a tacit response to existing norms and strategies that govern the university–business boundary, initiated as a (...)
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  15.  10
    Can a Theory of Content Rely on Selected Effect Functions? Response to Christie, Brusse, et al.Nicholas Shea - 2022 - Australasian Philosophical Review 6 (4):400-411.
    In the target article, Christie, Brusse, et al. argue that selected effect functions do not, in general, explain why a trait exists in a population and, therefore, theories of representational content should not rely on selected effect functions. This response focuses on the claim about functions-for-representation. The role of evolutionary functions in a theory of content is to pick out outcomes that have been systematically stabilized by natural selection. Correctness conditions are conditions involved in explaining how that happened. Selected effect (...)
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  16. (1 other version)Elements of eleatic ontology.Montgomery Furth - 1968 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 6 (2):111.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Elements of Eleatic Ontology' MONTGOMERY FURTH THE TASKOF AN INTERPRETERof Parmenides is to find the simplest, historically most plausible, and philosophically most comprehensible set of assumptions that imply (in a suitably loose sense) the doctrine of 'being' set out in Parmenides' poem. In what follows I offer an interpretation that certainly is simple and that I think should be found comprehensible. Historically, only more cautious claims are possible, for (...)
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  17.  29
    Author, author.Bernard MacGregor Walker Knox - 1996 - Philosophy and Literature 20 (1):76-88.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Author, AuthorBernard KnoxThe title of this essay is not a reference to that enthusiastic but misguided shout from his friends in the audience at the St. James Theatre in 1895 that brought a reluctant Henry James to the stage at the end of his play Guy Domville, only to be greeted by whistles, shouts, and insults from the irate denizens of the gallery, one of whom had somewhat spoiled (...)
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  18.  70
    Charles Lyell's Antiquity of Man and its critics.W. F. Bynum - 1984 - Journal of the History of Biology 17 (2):153-187.
    It should be clear that Lyell's scientific contemporaries would hardly have agreed with Robert Munro's remark that Antiquity of Man created a full-fledged discipline. Only later historians have judged the work a synthesis; those closer to the discoveries and events saw it as a compilation — perhaps a “capital compilation,”95 but a compilation none the less. Its heterogeneity made it difficult to judge as a unity, and most reviewers, like Forbes, concentrated on the first part of Lyell's trilogy. The chapters (...)
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  19.  23
    An Empirical Examination of Minsky’s Financial Instability Hypothesis: From Market Process to Austrian Business Cycle.David Coffee, Roger Lirely & Robert F. Mulligan - 2014 - Journal des Economistes Et des Etudes Humaines 20 (1):1-17.
    Minsky proposed classifying firms in three categories: hedge finance units which borrow no more than they are able to service in interest and principal out of operating cash flows, speculative finance units which are overleveraged to the point where they can service interest on their debt out of operating cash flows, but cannot repay the principal, and thus must continually roll over their existing debt, and Ponzi finance units, whose operating cash flows are inadequate even to service interest on their (...)
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  20.  33
    Teaching & Learning Guide for: Full Disclosure of the ‘Raw Data’ of Research on Humans: Citizens’ Rights, Product Manufacturers’ Obligations and the Quality of the Scientific Database.Dennis J. Mazur - 2011 - Philosophy Compass 6 (2):152-157.
    This guide accompanies the following article(s): ‘Full Disclosure of the “Raw Data” of Research on Humans: Citizens’ Rights, Product Manufacturer’s Obligations and the Quality of the Scientific Database.’Philosophy Compass 6/2 (2011): 90–99. doi: 10.1111/j.1747‐9991.2010.00376.x Author’s Introduction Securing consent (and informed consent) from patients and research study participants is a key concern in patient care and research on humans. Yet, the legal doctrines of consent and informed consent differ in their applications. In patient care, the judicial doctrines of consent and informed (...)
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  21. Platonism, Nominalism, and Semantic Appearances.Justin Clarke-Doane - forthcoming - Logique Et Analyse.
    It is widely assumed that platonism with respect to a discourse of metaphysical interest, such as fictional or mathematical discourse, affords a better account of the semantic appearances than nominalism, other things being equal. Of course, other things may not be equal. For example, platonism is supposed to come at the cost of a plausible epistemology and ontology. But the hedged claim is often treated as a background assumption. It is motivated by the intuitively stronger one that the platonist can (...)
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  22.  90
    A Cross-cultural and Buddhist-Friendly Interpretation of the Typology Exclusivism-Inclusivism-Pluralism.Abraham Vélez de Cea - 2011 - Sophia 50 (3):453-480.
    This article develops a new and expanded interpretation of the typology exclusivism, inclusivism, pluralism. The proposal refines the categories of what was originally a Christian typology in order to provide a truly cross-cultural and interreligious framework to better understand and compare the most common views of religious diversity found not only in Christianity, but also in Buddhism and other religions. Although building upon Schmidt-Leukel's logical reinterpretation of the typology, the article substantially modifies his framework and understands the typology, not as (...)
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  23.  56
    Nurturing the genius of genes: The new frontier of education, therapy, and understanding of the brain. [REVIEW]Dennis D. Embry - 2002 - Brain and Mind 3 (1):101-132.
    Genes dance. They dance with culture. Theydance with environment. Genes act on the world through the brain, mind and behavior. Historically, psychologists, therapists,educators and most lay people have understoodgenes in the context of Gregor Mendel'sexperiments, which were only partiallyexplained to us. While many studies show thatbrain structures and behaviors have quiterobust influences from inheritance, mostbehavior is not influenced in the classic waywe were taught in our introduction to genetics– which has been revolutionized by molecularstudies and understandings that most of theimportant (...)
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  24. Expectation and judgment: towards a phenomenology of discrimination.Tris Hedges - 2024 - Continental Philosophy Review (1):1-23.
    In this paper, my aim is to develop a phenomenological understanding of discrimination from the perspective of the discriminator. Since early existential phenomenology, the phenomenon of discrimination has received a great deal of attention. While much of this work has focused on the experience of the discriminatee, recent scholarship has begun to reflect on the intentional structures on the side of the discriminator. In a contribution to this trend, I argue that our sense of what is (ab)normal plays a constitutively (...)
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  25. The Abnormality of Discrimination: A Phenomenological Perspective.Tristan Hedges - 2022 - Genealogy+Critique 8 (1):1-22.
    Over the years, phenomenology has provided illuminating descriptions of discrimination, with its mechanisms and effects being thematised at the most basic levels of embodiment, (dis)orientation, selfhood, and belonging. What remains somewhat understudied is the lived experience of the discriminator. In this paper I draw on Husserl's phenomenological account of normality to reflect on the ways in which we discriminate at the prereflective levels of perceptual experience and bodily being. By critically reflecting on the intentional structures undergirding discriminatory practices, I argue (...)
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  26.  32
    Statistical summaries in research integration.Larry V. Hedges - 1983 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 6 (2):295-296.
  27.  15
    We and us: The power of the third for the first‐person plural.Tris Hedges - forthcoming - European Journal of Philosophy.
    Phenomenological discussions of sociality have long been concerned with the relations between the I, the You, and the We. Recently, dialogue between phenomenology and analytic philosophical work on collective intentionality has given rise to a corpus of literature oriented around the first-person plural “we.” In this paper, I demonstrate how these dominant accounts of the “we” are not exhaustive of first-person plural experiences as such. I achieve these aims by arguing for a phenomenological distinction between an experience of being part (...)
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  28. Biomolecular archaeology: past, present and future.R. E. M. Hedges & B. C. Sykes - 1992 - In Hedges R. E. M. & Sykes B. C., New Developments in Archaeological Science. pp. 267-283.
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  29. Luminescence and radiocarbon dating at Oxford= Datation par luminescence et radiocarbone a Oxford.R. E. M. Hedges, P. B. Pettitt & M. S. Tite - 1997 - Techne: Vers Une Science de l'Heritage Culturel: Quelques Exemples de Laboratoires Etrangers= Techne: Towards a Science for Cultural Legacy: Some Examples From Laboratories Outside France 5:54-60.
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  30. Discriminatory Types and Homogenising Relevances: A Schutzian Perspective on Oppression.Tris Hedges & Sabrina De Biasio - 2024 - Human Studies (4):1-22.
    In this paper, we draw on Alfred Schutz’s theoretical framework to better understand how oppression is enacted through discriminatory acts. By closely examining the role of typifications and relevances in our experience of others, and by supplementing this analysis with contemporary social scientific resources, we argue that a Schutzian perspective on oppression yields important phenomenological insights. We do this in three key steps. Firstly, we contextualise Equality and the Meaning Structure of the Social World within Schutz’s broader body of work, (...)
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  31. Reclaiming misandry from misogynistic rhetoric.Tris Hedges - 2024 - Feminist Review 136 (1):84-99.
    In recent years, misogyny has become a central concept in philosophy as well as an established concept in public discourse and political policy. But where is misogyny’s supposed counterpart, namely, misandry? In this paper I argue for an ameliorative analysis of "misandry", arguing that it can be reformulated in an effort to reclaim it from its misogynistic weaponisation. The term "misandry" is used almost exclusively as a misogynistic rhetorical device for attributing unjust anger, hatred, or other similar emotions to a (...)
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  32. New Developments in Archaeological Science.R. E. M. Hedges & B. C. Sykes - 1992
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  33. Beyond Care?Nicki Hedge & Alison Mackenzie - 2012 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 46 (2):192-206.
    Care is a feature of all of our lives, all of the time. An analysis of Scotland's Curriculum for Excellence reveals that care and caring permeate complex dimensions of life in and after school and we ask here, if, on some accounts, care can do the work required of it. Acknowledging the significance of her contribution to care, we focus on the work of Nel Noddings suggesting that she pays insufficient attention to other emotions implicated in the work of morally (...)
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  34.  13
    World cinema and cultural memory.Inez Hedges - 2015 - New York, NY: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    Cinema has long played a crucial role in the way that societies remember and represent themselves. In the last quarter century, film has been an important medium in the public debate around the memory of the Holocaust and of Hiroshima; of the Algerian war for independence and of the Spanish Civil War; of the Allende legacy in Chile, the utopian dreams of 1968, and the aborted project of the German Democratic Republic; in identity formation in Palestine and in the African (...)
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  35.  25
    Is John Milbank's radical orthodoxy a form of liberal theology? A rhetorical counter.Paul Hedges - 2010 - Heythrop Journal 51 (5):795-818.
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  36.  24
    Transplants for non-lethal conditions: a case against hand transplantation in minors.Charles E. Hedges & Philip M. Rosoff - 2018 - Journal of Medical Ethics 44 (10):661-665.
    Human allografts for life-threatening organ failure have been demonstrated to be lifesaving and are now considered to be standard of care for many conditions. Transplantation of non-vital anatomic body parts has also been accomplished. Hand transplantation after limb loss in adults has been shown to offer some promising benefits in both functional and psychological measures in preliminary studies. It has been suggested to expand eligibility criteria to include minors, with one such operation having already been performed. With this in mind, (...)
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  37. Discriminatory Types and Homogenising Relevances: A Schutzian Perspective on Oppression.Tris Hedges & Sabrina De Biasio - 2024 - Human Studies 47 (4):727-748.
    In this paper, we draw on Alfred Schutz’s theoretical framework to better understand how oppression is enacted through discriminatory acts. By closely examining the role of typifications and relevances in our experience of others, and by supplementing this analysis with contemporary social scientific resources, we argue that a Schutzian perspective on oppression yields important phenomenological insights. We do this in three key steps. Firstly, we contextualise _Equality and the Meaning Structure of the Social World_ within Schutz’s broader body of work, (...)
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  38.  26
    From the margins of the genome: mobile elements shape primate evolution.Dale J. Hedges & Mark A. Batzer - 2005 - Bioessays 27 (8):785-794.
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  39.  23
    Substitutionary Narration in the Cinema?Inez Hedges - 1974 - Substance 3 (9):45.
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  40.  11
    The research values of policy analysts.David M. Hedge & Jin W. Mok - 1989 - Knowledge, Technology & Policy 2 (1):21-41.
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  41. We and us: The power of the Third for the first-person plural.Tris Hedges - 2023 - European Journal of Philosophy:1-14.
    Phenomenological discussions of sociality have long been concerned with the relations between the I, the You, and the We. Recently, dialogue between phenomenology and analytic philosophical work on collective intentionality has given rise to a corpus of literature oriented around the first-person plural 'we'. In this paper, I demonstrate how these dominant accounts of the 'we' are not exhaustive of first-person plural experiences as such. I achieve these aims by arguing for a phenomenological distinction between an experience of being part (...)
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  42.  18
    The Nineteenth-Century Diarist and Her Quilts.Elaine Hedges - 1982 - Feminist Studies 8 (2):293.
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  43.  33
    Constraining fossil calibrations for molecular clocks.S. Blair Hedges, Sudhir Kumar & Marcel van Tuinen - 2006 - Bioessays 28 (7):770-771.
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  44.  19
    Knickerbocker, Bolingbroke, and the Fiction of History.William L. Hedges - 1959 - Journal of the History of Ideas 20 (1/4):317.
  45. Petrick, JA and Qulnn, JF, Management Ethics: Integrity at Work.Pamela M. Hedges - 1999 - Teaching Business Ethics 3 (4):401-402.
     
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  46.  25
    Post-Face Translation/Transformation.Inez Hedges - 1977 - Substance 6 (16):172.
  47.  47
    Riots and Reactions: Hypocrisy and Disaffiliation?Nicki Hedge & Alison Mackenzie - 2015 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 49 (3):329-346.
    The August 2011 riots in England occasioned widespread condemnation from government and the media. Here, we apply the concepts of hypocrisy and affiliation to explore reactions to these riots. Initially acknowledging that politics necessitates a degree of hypocrisy, we note that some forms of hypocrisy are indefensible: they compromise integrity. With rioters condemned as thugs and members of a feral underclass, some reactions exemplified forms of corrosive hypocrisy that deflected attention away from economic, social and cultural problems. Moreover, such reactions (...)
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  48.  29
    Slow and steady? Strategic adjustments in response caution are moderately reliable and correlate across tasks.Craig Hedge, Solveiga Vivian-Griffiths, Georgina Powell, Aline Bompas & Petroc Sumner - 2019 - Consciousness and Cognition 75:102797.
  49.  44
    The Placebo Effect and Its Implications.Dawson Hedges & Colin Burchfield - 2005 - Journal of Mind and Behavior 26 (3):161-180.
    Often regarded simply as a nuisance in clinical drug trials in which the aim is to separate drug response from placebo response in a statistically significant manner, the placebo response has important implications. These implications relate to the nature of illness, the study of non-specific factors in the treatment setting that are related to clinical improvement, methods of enhancing these non-specific sources of benefit, and the neurobiology that is associated with the placebo response. Specific sources of clinical improvement in medical (...)
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  50.  37
    Categories and particulars: Prototype effects in estimating spatial location.Janellen Huttenlocher, Larry V. Hedges & Susan Duncan - 1991 - Psychological Review 98 (3):352-376.
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