O artigo propõe abordar a construção da imagem de Isabel, a Católica aproximando Luiz de França foi um dos mais significativos mestres de maracatu nação. Dirigiu e articulou o maracatu Nação Leão Coroado, entre os anos de 1950 até sua morte, em 1997. Ainda hoje a sua memória é reivindicada por grupos de maracatus existentes no Recife. Tal questão indica diferentes aspectos nos processos de construção das memórias, e da forma como estas são usadas no presente. Este artigo objetiva discutir (...) e analisar as performances de Luiz de França, bem como suas estratégias cotidianas a partir das memórias dos maracatuzeiros pernambucanos. Entendendo a memória como fruto dos processos históricos, também é objetivo deste trabalho analisar as diferentes formas como a memória é construída, trazendo à tona questões de ordem teórico-epistemológica a respeito da cultura negra, dos maracatus e dos maracatuzeiros recifenses. (shrink)

O objetivo deste trabalho circunscreve-se na tentativa de explicitar o posicionamento teórico do filósofo alemão Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) no âmbito da tradição do pensamento ocidental. Fundamentalmente, busca-se delinear a inserção de Heidegger no debate acerca da metafísica, no intuito de verificar as contribuições do autor à contemporaneidade. Para esta empresa, tomar-se-á como ponto de partida o parágrafo 6 e o parágrafo 44 da obra Ser e Tempo (1927), os textos O que é metafísica (1929), Sobre a essência da verdade (1936) (...) e o ensaio A superação da metafísica (1936-1946); igualmente, porém, de forma mais periférica, serão utilizados como suporte teórico o texto Que é isto – A filosofia (1955), bem como o ensaio O fim da filosofia e a tarefa do pensamento (1964). O eixo em torno do qual se desenvolverá esta discussão é o projeto heideggeriano de “superação” da metafísica tradicional. A partir de então se verificará que se a clivagem de Heidegger não alterou substancialmente a senda da filosofia, ela seguramente introduziu um modo bastante original de se fazer filosofia que deixaria marcas na posteridade. (shrink)

Graphical AbstractThis paper discusses how our bad reading habits are starting to influence how we write. This short abstract and the picture next to it summarize the arguments in this paper. Just kidding, they do not. One really needs to read the paper for that.

The need for the political empowerment of women, and the role played by the media in both promoting and hindering it are well-known problems. A new opportunity to consider these problems as regards the Italian case was afforded by the 1999 presidential election. During that selection process, the proposal to appoint a woman as head of the nation was, for the first time, brought into the arena for debate. Neither of the two women who were candidates – European Commissioner Emma (...) Bonino and Minister of the Interior Rosa Russo Jervolino – were elected. Using the `public arenas model' and the concept of `framing', the article explores the rise and fall of the two female candidatures by highlighting the limits in the social construction of the women's agenda. Considered from this point of view, the campaign offers an interesting case study in order to better understand the mechanisms of gender exclusion. (shrink)

Nascido há mais de 2.500 anos, na Índia, o budismo se apresenta como uma das cinco grandes religiões mundiais, tendo mais de 506 milhões de adeptos. Ao redor do mundo, diversas pesquisas vêm sendo desenvolvidas para conhecer tanto a religião quanto a filosofia budista, mas em termos de Brasil, isso ainda é um assunto pouco abordado.

Cancer derives from a cell clone that has accumulated genetic and epigenetic changes that influence its phenotype and finally enable it to escape from the normal controls of proliferation. A recent paper shows that, in myc‐induced tumours, the inactivation of this oncogene produces the regression of the tumours and the differentiation of the tumour cells into mature osteocytes.1 In addition, a further reactivation of myc in these cells does not restore the malignant phenotype but induces apoptosis. This discovery could lead (...) to an innovative therapeutic strategy. BioEssays 25:104–107, 2003. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (shrink)

The objective of this work is to reconstruct the concepts of constellation, parataxis and essay, from the perspective of Theodor Adorno, in order to approach them by affinity, but demonstrating the way that each one expresses within its specificities the Adorno’s insistence in a model of thought in which the non-identical: 1) resists conceptual subsumption by arranging itself in a constellatory configuration; 2) it does not succumb to subordinate juxtapositions typical of merely communicative language; and, 3) finds its best philosophical (...) expression in the essay form. In order to do so, we will take as a starting point the adornian reconstruction of the constellation category as a legacy of Walter Benjamin’s thought, so that later we can present the expansion of this category in Adorno’s thought, relating it both to the conception of parataxis as in the conception of the essay form, but aiming to understand these categories as way of thinking philosophically aiming to elucidate the place of the non-identical in the scope of dialectical thinking of Theodor Adorno. (shrink)

These work proposes to delimit and put into perspective the spot of the particular in Theodor Adorno's aesthetics, based on his displacements, especially considering: 1) the relationship between specific works of art and the tradition; 2) the relationship between works of art with themselves and with society; and, 3) the relationship between the particular and the universal – as a critical appropriation of Hegel's thought by Adorno, explicit in specific works by Beethoven and Berg. The relational juxtaposition, as superscripted in (...) the three topics, will allow us to perceive the effects of the displacements of the particular which, once configured within the works of art, establishes itself as a denial and criticism of the current state of affairs, insofar as it points to the contradictions of the social fabric, but, denying its modus operandi, by appearing as a mode of non-coercive totality of the universal over the particular, within which the particular moves and, in its movement, determines itself and determines the universal. It is this mode of determination, effected by the displacements of the particular, that will position the work of art as an articulating agent – ​​from within – of possible ways that are distinct from the current ways of knowing and living in society. (shrink)

Émile Durkheim, em seu As Formas Elementares da Vida Religiosa, cita como o pilar da filosofia e da religião budista as Quatro Nobres Verdades – um referencial teórico que permeia o desenvolvimento de todas as principais tradições de pensamento budistas. Neste artigo, nosso objetivo é apresentar linhas gerais e introdutórias sobre esse conceito tendo como linha narrativa o texto de Durkheim – trazendo, também, discussões sobre os contextos onde Durkheim escreveu e contrapondo outras abordagens teóricas.

My experience concerning cases similar to the Wanglie case indicates that there was virtually no possibility of a solution for the conflict between the different expectations of the Wanglie family and those of the physicians caring for Helga Wanglie. A persistent vegetative state precludes a return to consciousness unless an extraordinary phenomenon takes place. Therefore, the physicians expected to be relieved of the duty of continuing to give Mrs. Wanglie respiratory care. However, her family thought it their duty to provide (...) their loved one with the best possible treatment. The family based their position on the claim that life is God's gift and that only He has the right to terminate it. Such spiritual convictions are perceived as reflective of a higher “truth” and are not predisposed to negotiation or change according to the situation. (shrink)

O presente trabalho trata, em linhas gerais, da filosofia do direito de Immanuel Kant (1724- 1804), discutindo seu enquadramento no jusnaturalismo ou no juspositivismo. Para tanto, analisa o contraste entre a fundamentação do direito em Kant, fortemente marcada pela ideia de liberdade como legitimadora do Estado e da ordem jurídica, e sua estrutura, caracterizada pelo formalismo, pelo rigor lógico, pela importância exagerada da coação e pela manutenção da validade da ordenamento mesmo diante de um rompimento com a ideia de justiça (...) que o sustenta (negação do direito de resistência). (shrink)

We give an example in which it is possible to understand quantum statistics using classical concepts. This is done by studying the interaction of chargedmatter oscillators with the thermal and zeropoint electromagnetic fields characteristic of quantum electrodynamics and classical stochastic electrodynamics. Planck's formula for the spectral distribution and the elements of energy hw are interpreted without resorting to discontinuities. We also show the aspects in which our model calculation complement other derivations of blackbody radiation spectrum without quantum assumptions.

The overflow of scientific literature stimulates poor reading habits which can aggravate science's reproducibility crisis. Thus, solving the reproducibility crisis demands not only methodological changes, but also changes in our relationship with the scientific literature, especially our reading habits. Importantly, this does not mean reading more, it means reading better.

My discussion addresses the differences between analytic and continental philosophy concerning the use of logic and exact reasoning in philosophical practice. These differences are mainly examined in the light of the controversial dominance of Hegel's concept of logic in twentieth-century continental philosophy. The inquiry is developed in two parts. In the first, I indicate some aspects of the analytic -continental divide, pointing to the role that the topic 'logic and philosophy' plays in it. In the second part, I give a (...) short account of the views of logic which are typical of the three main trends of continental philosophy. I also suggest how, with the aid of some typical analytical devices, some continental 'anti-logical' attitudes may be corrected, on their own terms. (shrink)

In recent years there has been a wealth of studies investigating how memories are allocated in the hippocampus. Some of those studies showed that it is possible to manipulate the identity of neurons recruited to represent a given memory without affecting the memory's behavioral expression. Those findings raised questions about how the hippocampus represents memories, with some researchers arguing that hippocampal neurons do not represent fixed stimuli. Herein, an alternative hypothesis is argued. Neurons in high‐order brain regions can be tuned (...) to multiple dimensions, forming complex, abstract representations. It is argued that such complex receptive fields allow those neurons to show some flexibility in their responses while still representing relatively fixed sets of stimuli. Moreover, it is pointed out that changes induced by artificial manipulation of cell assemblies are not completely redundant—the observed behavioral redundancy does not imply cognitive redundancy, as different, but similar, memories may induce the same behavior. (shrink)

From the beginning of the xx century onwards, European art has gone through a remarkable mutation since Picasso shattered and chopped forms in painting through cubism, and Duchamp contemporaneously sabotaged the very idea of art with his invention of the ready made. Starting from an extensive consideration of this mutation, we tried and questioned the impact of the duchampean gesture and other subsequent artistic practices, by means of a frame of esthetic and philosophical reflection focused on the notions of art, (...) work of art, beauty, sublime, judgment of taste, spectator, ready made, and esthetic experience, inter alia. Also, our discussion questions the role of fiction in art, by means of an excerpt of a literary narration whose protagonists, a painter and his slave, seek, by the workings of drawing, to inscribe suffering and pardon at the heart of the creation act. We are thus led to think that whatever lies at the source of any interpretation of the [work of] art is an enigma and a conflict which cannot be seen through. (shrink)

This paper aims to discuss the philosophical roles of common sense in Thomas Reid’s thought. I argue that there is not only one way of appealing to common sense in attempt of discovering truth and allowing knowledge. According to my understanding, Reid makes at least three distinct uses of common sense: (1) the foundational use, in which common sense is taken as the foundation upon which knowledge must be built; (2) the methodological use, in which common sense arises as a (...) source of methodo-logical presuppositions of philosophical investigations; (3) the instrumental use, in which common sense, in the light of the emotion of ridicule, is used as an instrument to refute philosophical principles and conclusions. (shrink)

Partindo de algumas passagens dos Ensaios de Montaigne, e, especialmente, do capítulo "Sobre versos de Virgílio", consideramos o retrato da mulher elaborado pelo autor. Contrariamente à maioria dos autores de sua época - dentre os quais Bodin e Charron que, seguindo Aristóteles, consideram que a mulher possui uma natureza inferior à do homem, feita para obedecer, enquanto este último o foi para governar -, Montaigne nos apresenta outro quadro. Influenciado, acreditamos, pelo texto de Agrippa sobre as mulheres, ele propõe uma (...) igualdade dos gêneros desequilibrada, perturbada e aniquilada tanto pela tradição quanto pelos costumes. Taking as a starting point some passages of Montaigne's Essays and the chapter "On some verses of Virgil", we consider the woman's portrait composed by the author. In contradicion with the majority of his contemporary authors - such as Bodin and Charron who, in accordance with Aristotle, consider women's nature as inferior to that of men, since women are meant to obey while men are meant to rule -, Montaigne presents us another picture. Influenced by, we believe, Agrippa's text on women, he proposes an equality between the genders unballanced, perturbed and annihilated by both tradition and customs. (shrink)

Pretende-se nesse artigo confrontar as posições de Theodor Adorno e Friedrich Hegel acerca da concepção de progresso, inferidas do rearranjo adorniano das categorias de particular e universal, que depreendem da filosofia hegeliana. O propósito é expor a crítica de Adorno, formulada na Dialética negativa, à noção de Hegel de que o curso da história universal é a realização efetiva do progresso do espírito do mundo em suas figuras particulares. Para tanto, o particular e o universal serão tomados como categorias explicativas (...) da crítica adorniana à totalidade e à sistematicidade, no intuito de realocar o particular no interior da dialética, enfatizando seu caráter não identitário e resistente à sistematicidade e às formas de totalidade com pretensões universalizantes; em seguida, evocar-se-á os elementos da filosofia da história de Walter Benjamin presentes no pensamento de Adorno, para que, por fim, se sustente a hipótese de que a marcha do espírito condiz menos com o progresso, porém, muito mais com a regressão, o que ocorre na medida em que o progresso se serve de uma narrativa que oblitera a violência e a dominação do universal sobre o particular, ao ocultar as contradições deflagradas no contexto da marcha da história do espírito do mundo. (shrink)

We present a description of the Stern–Gerlach type experiments using only the concepts of classical electrodynamics and the Newton’s equations of motion. The quantization of the projections of the spin (or the projections of the magnetic dipole) is not introduced in our calculations. The main characteristic of our approach is a quantitative analysis of the motion of the magnetic atoms at the entrance of the magnetic field region. This study reveals a mechanism which modifies continuously the orientation of the magnetic (...) dipole of the atom in a very short time interval, at the entrance of the magnetic field region. The mechanism is based on the conservation of the total energy associated with a magnetic dipole which moves in a non uniform magnetic field generated by an electromagnet. A detailed quantitative comparison with the (1922) Stern–Gerlach experiment and the didactical (1967) experiment by J.R. Zacharias is presented. We conclude, contrary to the original Stern–Gerlach statement, that the classical explanations are not ruled out by the experimental data. (shrink)

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar oito dissertações de mestrado do Grufopees/CNPq-Ufes produzidas entre anos de 2018-2021, dialogando com seus diferentes níveis e pressupostos técnicos, metodológicos, epistemológicos e filosóficos. Apoia-se na pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo bibliográfica, fundamentada na análise epistemológica do conhecimento. Toma os pressupostos da Teoria do Agir Comunicativo de Jürgen Habermas, buscando dialogar com as produções em busca de consensos acerca do conhecimento produzido. Tem como participantes os autores-pesquisadores das dissertações, considerando para a produção, organização e categorização (...) dos dados a “Matriz Epistemológica”. A análise de dados se fundamenta nos “Círculos Argumentativos”, que se constituem pela via do discurso expresso pelos argumentos explícitos nos “atos de fala” dos sujeitos, que “desproblematizam” no plano discursivo a respeito da ação/prática, buscando identificar as relações estabelecidas entre pesquisador e participantes, a constituição do problema de pesquisa, os processos de pesquisa, a compreensão da realidade e as intenções de mudança. Evidencia-se uma forte atuação do grupo em processos de transformação inerentes à perspectiva teórico-metodológica da pesquisa-ação colaborativo-crítica, concebidas na elaboração de processos de formação continuada na perspectiva da inclusão escolar e de políticas para a formação em municípios capixabas. Nota-se a perspectiva do discurso expressa na aposta em empreender comunicativamente com os sujeitos de contexto um espaço de fala para expor opiniões por duas vias do discurso, tanto o discurso teórico, no qual as experiências e pretensões de verdade são tematizadas, quanto o discurso prático, no qual se tematiza e avalia se determinada norma de ação pode ser fundamentada. (shrink)