One of the most famous, and most derided, arguments against the morality of abortion is the argument from potential, which maintains that the fetus' potential to become a person and enjoy the valuable life common to persons, entails that its destruction is prima facie morally impermissible. In this paper, I will revisit and offer a defense of the argument from potential.

Many philosophers endorse “exclusionism”, the view that no instance of relearning qualifies as a case of genuine remembering, and vice versa. Appealing to simulationist, distributed causalist, and trace minimalist theories of remembering, I develop three conditional arguments against exclusionism. First, if simulationism is right to hold that some cases of remembering involve reliance on post-event testimonial information, then remembering does not exclude relearning. Second, if distributed causalism is right to hold that memory traces are promiscuous, then remembering does not exclude (...) relearning. Finally, if trace minimalism is right to hold that vicarious experiences sometimes produce the minimal traces that ground remembering, then remembering does not exclude relearning. While advocates of these theories might incorporate additional conditions designed to accommodate exclusionism, the only reason they can appeal to in favor of doing so is intuition: neither the fundamental components of the theories nor the empirical results on which they are based provide a reason to endorse exclusionism. An investigation of exclusionism thus raises metaphilosophical questions, so far overlooked in philosophy of memory, about the appropriate role of intuition in theorizing about remembering. (shrink)

In this essay I propose two theories of truth and show how they deal with semantic paradoxes. Their most salient feature is that they are based on a gametheoretic understanding of logic and meaning. “Truth”, therefore, is understood dialogically, as agreement between parts. I compare this proposal with a similar one already existing in the literature —Dutilh Novaes and French 2018—, and highlight the advantages of mine. The theories of truth I present are non-trivial, substructural (in a sense to be (...) clarified) and capture strong intuitions about truth. Some philosophical recommendations in favor of our understanding of Dialogics are delivered along the way. (shrink)

El artículo que se presenta tiene como objetivo diseñar una estrategia educativa antitabáquica para estudiantes del plan D de la Facultad de Tecnología de la Salud de Camagüey en el período de septiembre del 2014 y febrero del 2015. Su novedad radica en que revela su enfoque educativo y salubrista que dinamiza la esfera afectiva y tiene como rasgo esencial el predominio de la tarea como recurso técnico. Se concluyó que la misma contribuye al fomento de estilos de vida saludables (...) de los estudiantes. This article has the objective to present an anti-smoking educative strategy for health technology students in Camag|ey. Its innovation lies in its educative healthy and approach which revitalize the affective sphere and has as essential feature the predominance of teaching tasks as a technical resource. It was concluded that this strategy contributes to promote students 'healthy lifestyles. (shrink)

El artículo aborda la carta 93 de san Agustín. Analiza los argumentos rogatistas contra el "compelle intrare", la eclesiología que subyace en ellos, el contexto sociohistórico del uso de la violencia para imponer la ley, así como la evolución agustiniana al interpretar el "compelle intrare".

El artículo presenta el análisis de las implicaciones de evaluar la comprensión de lectura y la redacción en pruebas de ingreso a la educación superior, como una consideración necesaria para el desarrollo de una política de competencia comunicativa. Se describe el diseño de un instrumento, partiendo de la concepción sociosemiótica de la lengua, del enfoque metodológico de la comprensión por niveles intra, inter y extratextual, ligado a procesos cognitivos, y la escritura como tecnología. Se incluye, además, un concepto de evaluación (...) enmarcado en el desarrollo de competencia, es decir, los resultados de la prueba se utilizan, por fuera de concepciones deterministas excluyentes, para mostrar un estado de la competencia y las acciones posibles de mejoramiento de la misma. La competencia comunicativa se demuestra como saber transversal, inter y transdisciplinario. (shrink)

Se diseñó una estrategia educativa antitabáquica en la Residencia Estudiantil de Ciencias Médicas en Camagüey que fue valorada por criterio de especialistas y actualmente se encuentra en fase de implementación. En el artículo se evalúa su impacto. La misma se caracteriza por ser sistémica, dinámica, flexible, factible, participativa y dinamizadora de la esfera afectiva. Se ha empleado en la impartición de posgrado, capacitaciones a profesores guías e instructoras educativas; ha contribuido a incrementar los conocimientos en el orden teórico, metodológico, educativo (...) y salubrista en relación con la educación antitabáquica en estudiantes, profesores e instructoras educativas y ha favorecido el fomento de estilos de vida saludables. An anti-smoking educational strategy in Medical Sciences Dormitory in Camaguey was designed and assessed based on specialists' criteria and it is currently under the implementation phase. Its impact is assessed in the article. It is characterized by being systemic, dynamic, feasible, participative and emotional sphere stimulating. It has been used in the teaching of postgraduate courses and in guiding teachers and educational instructors' training; it has contributed to increasing students, professors and educational instructors' theoretical, methodological, and educational and health knowledge regarding anti-smoking education, therefore favoring healthy lifestyles promotion. (shrink)

ABSTRACT: In the present text, we are going to introduce a series of notes without excessive pretensions. In these pages, we will try to study figures like Cabet, Fourier or Saint - Simon, and we will do so in order to achieve better understanding concerning their own historical and their own intellectual context. Consequently and leaving our papers on Robert Owen behind, we plan to set special emphasis on the European Continent now. In a special way, we raise awareness on (...) the very significant role that these "utopian socialists" played between modernity and industrial modernity, and also between the 18th and 19th Centuries. Key words: Christianity, Modernity, Industrialism, Utopian Socialism, Socialism, Rationality, History. (shrink)

ABSTRACT: In its historical deployment, socialist thought has attracted the attention of numerous experts and thinkers. The results reached from the above mentioned efforts, are quite irregular in fact. These studies are very often linked the marxist tradition, that shifted its identity to label previous social reformers as "utopian socialists". Specifically, our academic Spanish tradition has traditionally been dependant -historically and intellectually- on other Continental currents of thought. We state, that the preeminence and fundamental influence on our Spanish culture in (...) the Iberian Peninsula, has traditionally had its origin here, between modernity and industrialism, in France. Consistently, contributions concerning authors like Saint-Simon, Fourier or Cabet do exist. However, it is necessary to say that there is a bibliographical and very significant emptiness around one of the most relevant figures of European history in the 19th Century. Such emptiness has to do with the absence of publications concerning Robert Owen and his meaning in Spanish. Key words: Christianity, Modernity, Industrialism, Utopian Socialism, Socialism, Rationality, History. (shrink)

Far too often in our society, the input of a potential father is not deemed relevant in a woman’s abortion decision. Men, however, can suffer emotional strains due to the abortion of their potential child, and given this harm it seems that morality must make room for a potential father’s voice in the abortion decision. I will argue that a man cannot have the right to veto a woman’s decision to procure an abortion, yet there may be times where a (...) woman may exercise her right to an abortion in a manner not indicative of a virtuous character. This is especially a danger in the face of a dissenting man who may suffer greatly if his potential child is abortedand thus I will delineate circumstances where a virtuous woman would concede to carrying a fetus to term in order to give a man the child he so desperately desires. In addition to using virtue ethics to make the argument, I will incorporate certain aspects of care ethics in order to further what may seem to some to be a rather contentious claim. (shrink)

El presente estudio busca mostrar que la poesía es otra manera de producción de conocimiento, más allá de la racionalidad instrumental y la mentalidad tecnocientífica. La relación poesía, poeta y poema es el método para buscar la posibilidad de otra manera de conocer al mundo, al hombre y a Dios. Metodológicamente, se pretende realizar un diálogo con aquellos autores que han convertido la poesía en episteme, en otra posibilidad de expresar y habitar el mundo desde una visión antropológica que se (...) abre a nuevos lenguajes y nuevas formas de empalabrar la realidad, tomando distancia de un discurso unívoco que nombra la realidad desde el empirismo científico. (shrink)

Se afirma a menudo que el utilitarismo (al menos su versión estándar) es incapaz de tomar en cuenta las emociones. Siendo esto así, se afirma que es incapaz de responder (correctamente) a nuestros problemas morales más importantes y que, de hecho, se convierte en una doctrina inútil. Sin embargo, debemos matizar esta acusación diciendo, por un lado, que las emociones tienen, de algún modo, un significativo papel en la teoría de Bentham y que, por otro lado, tienen, indudablemente, un papel (...) central en el utilitarismo de Mill. En este artículo tratamos de mostrar cuál es ese papel y si el uso de las emociones en la teoría de Mill puede ser visto como una especie de desviacionismo de la versión estándar. (shrink)

Empirical research on Rational Choice Theory has brought up two focus of the economics laws problem. On one hand, we find the authors who state that the neoclassical economics laws are explanatory and predictive on specific cases: in transparent contexts in which the standard rationality operates successfully. On the other hand, we find the authors who state that the descriptive theories of the rational choice opens up a research path in which fundamental principles of the neoclassical building could be questioned. (...) Both view points have generated an important standard Rational Choice Theory revision what has produced the so called descriptive view point . It implies understanding that most of the choices take place under risky or uncertainty conditions and, that, these choices are far more complex than the normative Rational Choice Theory supposes. This article's main goal is to expand the descriptive point of view in rational choice, theorizing how some factors, coming from the social and cultural environment, operate within the rational choice. Into space of this research essay we find the debatable question of whether these sort of proposals expands the explanation of the deviation of the rational choice normative theory, and that, of the disturbing causes of the microeconomics laws, or they call into question fundamental principles of these laws and therefore they are opening the possibility to focus some economics issues in a new different manner. (shrink)

The sexual double standard refers to the acceptance of different criteria to assess the same sexual behavior in men and women. To date, the few studies that have addressed the relationship between SDS and sexual satisfaction have obtained inconclusive results. In addition, no study has analyzed sexual satisfaction in people who maintain different forms of adherence to the SDS. This study establishes three SDS typologies of adherence in two areas of sexual behavior to examine the predictive capacity of personal variables, (...) interpersonal variables and social variables in sexual satisfaction. A sample of 1194 heterosexual adults aged between 18 and 87 years, who had been in a relationship for more than 6 months, was evaluated. In men, the highest sexual satisfaction levels were obtained in the egalitarian typology in the sexual freedom area. In women, no significant differences were found between the typologies of adherence to the SDS. Regression models showed that relationship satisfaction was the main predictor of sexual satisfaction in all the typologies in both men and women. In addition, the predictive relationship of personal variables with sexual satisfaction varied according to gender and the SDS adherence type. The results show the importance of studying sexual satisfaction by taking into account not only the differences between men and women. Furthermore, it is essential to consider other differences between people; for example, the difference that derives from the way of psychologically internalizing attitude toward the SDS. (shrink)

La Masonería es una organización que ha estado presente en España, como en el mundo, en los períodos liberales y que ha sido perseguida y ha desaparecido casi en los totalitarismos, sean comunistas o fascistas. La masonería española, tradicionalmente vinculada el modelo europeo continental, ha concedido gran importancia a la participación activa en los grandes debates sociales. El cometido fundamental de la masonería es la formación de sus miembros como individuos y como ciudadanos. Desde tal perspectiva, los talleres masónicos han (...) sido reconocidos como auténticas escuelas de formación de elites democráticas y constituyen un capítulo tan importante como ignorado de nuestra cultura política. Además, la masonería ha mostrado un sobresaliente interés hacia la enseñanza, llegando con frecuencia a reducir las grandes cuestiones sociales a un problema educacional. Dentro del marco ético-jurídico laicista, la reflexión sobre la acción formativo-democrática de la masonería se centra con intensidad creciente en ¿educar para la paz¿. Un ejemplo relevante del legado cultural pacifista de la masonería histórica lo constituye los siete insignes masones distinguidos con el Premio Nobel de la Paz. La masonería debe considerase pues, por derecho propio, como una escuela de formación laica para la democracia y para la paz. (shrink)

This paper offers an analysis of the primary wrong of epistemic injustice, namely, of the intrinsic harm that constitutes its action itself. Contrary to Miranda Fricker, I shall argue that there is...

Introducción. En la actualidad la relación de los niños con las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones se inicia desde muy temprano, mediado por la figura de sus padres y contrario a los criterios de gran parte de la comunidad científica por sus potenciales efectos adversos. Objetivo. El estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los criterios de los padres de la ciudad de Santa Clara sobre la utilidad y el riesgo del consumo de las tecnologías de la información y las (...) comunicaciones en niños menores de 3 años. Métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo y transversal durante el período de junio de 2013 a julio de 2014. En el mismo fueron encuestados y entrevistados 167 padres de niños menores de 3 años de la ciudad de Santa Clara. La selección de la muestra se efectuó por el muestreo estratificado por racimos. El procesamiento de los datos se realizó mediante el SPSS versión 18.0. Resultados. Los principales resultados demostraron que los padres de niños menores de 3 años tienen una baja percepción de riesgo sobre las afectaciones que el consumo de estas tecnologías puede producir. Consideran, además, que dicho consumo facilita el cuidado del menor; en tanto permite atender otras labores domésticas, ofrece un tiempo libre y constituye una actividad segura. Conclusiones. Estos criterios de los padres favorecen el consumo excesivo de estas tecnologías y son el resultado de la escasa información recibida al respecto. Introduction. Currently, the relation of children with information and communication technologies starts at an early age, mediated by their parents and contrary to the criteria of great part of the scientific community, by its potential adverse effects. Objetive. The objective of this study was to identify the criteria of parents on the usefulness and risk of consumption of information and communication technologies in children under 3 years in the city of Santa Clara. Methods. A descriptive and transversal study was carried out from June 2013 to July 2014. A total of 167 parents of children under 3 years were surveyed and interviewed in Santa Clara city. A stratified cluster sampling was performed. Results. It was demonstrated that parents of children under 3 years had a low risk perception on the harm that can be produced by consuming these technologies. Also, they considered that this consumption facilitates the caring of the child, since it permits to fulfill other domestic duties, provides a free time and it is a safe activity. Conclusions. The criteria of parents favor the excessive consumption of these technologies and they are consequence of the scarce information received on this subject respecto. (shrink)

When considering the role of prayer in the lives of believers, most theists agree that one important effect is the psychological impact on the person who is praying. Nevertheless, the way many of us pray, by primarily or solely focusing on our welfare and the welfare of our loved ones, agitates the human tendency towards exclusion. If we take seriously God’s commandment to love the neighbor as the self, we should use prayer, instead, as a prime opportunity to help cultivate (...) a moral character that embraces more inclusion. In this paper, I use Søren Kierkegaard’s Works of Love as a framework for working towards this more inclusive view of prayer—one that widens our moral circle and awareness to include all human beings, and not just the select ones we have chosen to prefer above all others. It does not follow that we are prohibited from praying for our own welfare or the welfare of our loved ones, but it does mean that using prayer in a way that only (or primarily) shows concern for those whom we prefer is morally problematic. (shrink)

RESUMENEn este artículo trata de dos explicaciones de la asimetría del tiempo. En primer lugar, resumo el problema de explicar tal asimetría en términos de procesos termodinámicos, discuto dos intentos de solucionar este problema, y defiendo que, no obstante, no todos los procesos irreversibles han de ser considerados termodinámicos. En segundo lugar, rechazo que la asimetría del tiempo sea simple producto de nuestra condición de agentes intencionales. Finalmente concluyo que la explicación de la asimetría del tiempo que se basa en (...) la multitud y diversidad de los procesos naturales irreversibles sigue siendo una buena explicación.PALABRAS CLAVEPROCESOS IRREVERSIBLES, ENTROPÍA, FLECHAS DEL TIEMPO, CAUSALIDADABSTRACTIn the present work I deal with two accounts of the asymmetry of time. Firstly, I summarize the problem of explaining this asymmetry in terms of thermodynamic processes, discuss two approaches proposed to solve this problem, and defend that, nevertheless, not all irreversible processes have to be conceived as thermodynamic ones. Secondly, I reject the notion that the asymmetry of time is a mere product of our condition as intentional agents in the world. Finally, I conclude that the explanation for the asymmetry of time based on the existence of many and diverse irreversible natural processes is still a good explanation.KEY WORDSIRREVERSIBLE PROCESSES, ENTROPY, TIME ARROWS, CAUSALITY. (shrink)

The paper intends to show how the Aristotelian categories of non-representative action, mimesis, fate, show, and non-historic action, presented in the Poetics, provide a rich analysis of the nature and limits of the alternative art of performance, pointing out the similarities and differences w..

La propia responsabilidad puede entenderse como un valor que los individuos tratan de satisfacer en lugar de pretender optimizar. Ciertos dilemas habituales entre procesos de elección racional y componentes emocionales o expresivos, no resultan ser auténticos dilemas. Analizamos la responsabilidad y la confianza como dos procedimientos que contribuyen a construir una perspectiva complementarista de la racionalidad. Se encuentran apoyos para esta posición en Aristóteles, Adam Smith o Stuart Mill. Nuestra racionalidad acotada se presenta como un proceso entretejido que nos ayuda (...) a criticar tres aparentes dicotomías en los estudios morales que han sido muy bien expuestas por Amartya Sen. (shrink)