This study examined the effect of the pique technique preceded by a disrupting process. Passersby in the street were asked for money, either for a common amount of change (control) or 37 cents (pique technique). In half of the cases, the requester added a disrupting sentence at the beginning of the request. Results showed that the pique technique alone and the disrupting technique alone increased compliance with the request. Adding a first disrupting sentence to the pique also increased compliance compared (...) with the other three conditions. These results support the theoretical explanation that the initial disrupting sentence associated with the pique could reduce the influence of the refusal script activated by the money request. (shrink)

In developmental lexical–gustatory synesthesia, specific words can trigger taste perceptions and these synesthetic associations are generally stable. We describe a case of multilingual lexical–gustatory synesthesia for whom some synesthesias were bidirectional as some tastes also triggered auditory word associations. Evoked concurrents could be gustatory but also tactile sensations. In addition to words and pseudowords, many voices were effective inducers, suggesting increased connections between cortical taste areas and both voice-selective and language-selective areas. Lasting changes in some evoked tastes occurred during childhood (...) suggesting that some plasticity can be present after the initial learning of associations. Inducers were often linked to taste concurrents phonologically or semantically, but also through identifiable childhood episodes . Several inducers were phonologically linked to episodic inducers suggesting a process of secondary acquisition for many inducers. Implications of these observations are discussed. (shrink)

A radical new interpretation of liberalism, viewing it not merely as a political philosophy or set of political precepts, but as a personal orientation and way of living.

A recent proposal to solve the halting problem with the quantum adiabatic algorithm is criticized and found wanting. Contrary to other physical hypercomputers, where one believes that a physical process “computes” a (recursive-theoretic) non-computable function simply because one believes the physical theory that presumably governs or describes such process, believing the theory (i.e., quantum mechanics) in the case of the quantum adiabatic “hypercomputer” is tantamount to acknowledging that the hypercomputer cannot perform its task.

The IKt-algebras that we investigate in this paper were introduced in the paper An algebraic axiomatization of the Ewald’s intuitionistic tense logic by the first and third author. Now we characterize by topological methods the subdirectly irreducible IKt-algebras and particularly the simple IKt-algebras. Finally, we consider the particular cases of finite IKt-algebras and complete IKt-algebras.

During communication, the interpretation of utterances is sensitive to a listener's probabilistic prior beliefs. In this paper, we focus on the influence of prior beliefs on so‐called exhaustivity interpretations, whereby a sentence such as Mary came is understood to mean that only Mary came. Two theoretical origins for exhaustivity effects have been proposed in the previous literature. On the one hand are perspectives that view these inferences as the result of a purely pragmatic process (as in the classical Gricean view, (...) and more recent Bayesian approaches); on the other hand are proposals that treat them as the result of an encapsulated semantic mechanism (Chierchia, Fox & Spector 2012). We gain traction on adjudicating between these two approaches with new theoretical and experimental evidence, focusing on the behavior of different models for exhaustivity effects, all of which fit under the Rational Speech Act modeling framework (RSA, Frank & Goodman, 2012). Some (but not all!) of these models include an encapsulated semantic mechanism. Theoretically, we demonstrate that many RSA models predict not only exhaustivity, but also anti‐exhaustivity, whereby “Mary came” would convey that Mary and someone else came. We evaluate these models against data obtained in a new study which tested the effects of prior beliefs on both production and comprehension, improving on previous empirical work. We find that the models which have the best fit to human behavior include an encapsulated exhaustivity mechanism. We conclude that, on the one hand, in the division of labor between semantics and pragmatics, semantics plays a larger role than is often thought, but, on the other hand, the tradeoff between informativity and cost which characterizes all RSA models does play a central role for genuine pragmatic effects. (shrink)

The aim of this essay is to demonstrate, by means of an analysis of Parmenides’ poem, that one of the great strength’s of Heribert Boeder’s thought is his historical conception of the development of philosophical ideas. In each phase or epoch of this development, three kinds of reason arise (natural, mundane, conceptual), each of which in its own way contributes to the accomplishment of the central tasks of that epoch and thereby to the conclusion of that epoch; furthermore, each kind (...) of reason arises as a figure composed of three rational positions that work together to complete a given task; lastly, each kind of reason has its own tradition within the history of philosophy, a tradition that extends from epoch to epoch and helps to unify that history. To grasp the historical movement of philosophy in this way is, in Boeder’s terms, “to think logotectonically”. The analysis Parmenides’ thought here shows how it inheres in the history of philosophy and what is to be gained by thinking his thought logotectonically. (shrink)

One of the purposes of this paper is to prove a partial Schur-Zassenhaus Theorem for groups of finite Morley rank.Theorem 2.Let G be a solvable group of finite Morley rank. Let π be a set of primes, and let H ⊲ G a normal π-Hall subgroup. Then H has a complement in G.This result has been proved in [1] with the additional assumption thatGis connected, and thought to be generalized in [2] by the authors of the present article. Unfortunately in (...) the last section of the latter paper there is an irrepairable mistake. Here we give a new proof of the Schur-Zassenhaus Theorem using the results of [2] up to the last section and a new result that we are going to state below.The second author has shown in [11] that a nilpotentω-stable group is the central product of a divisible subgroup and a subgroup of bounded exponent, generalizing a well-known result of Angus Macintyre about abelian groups [8]. One could ask a similar question for solvable groups: are they a product of two subgroups, one divisible, one of bounded exponent? One is allowed to be hopeful because of the well-known decomposition of the connected solvable algebraic groups over algebraically closed fields as the product of the unipotent radical and a torus. (shrink)

Emotive-factive predicates, such as surprise or be happy, are a source of empirical and theoretical puzzles in the literature on embedded questions. Although they embed wh-questions, they seem not to embed whether-questions. They have complex interactions with negative polarity items such as any or even, and they have been argued to preferentially give rise to weakly exhaustive readings with embedded questions. We offer an empirical overview of the situation in three experiments collecting acceptability judgments, monotonicity judgments, and truth-value judgments. The (...) results straightforwardly confirm the special selectional properties of emotive-factive predicates. More interestingly, they reveal the existence of strongly exhaustive readings for surprise. The results also suggest that the special properties of emotive-factives cannot be solely explained by their monotonicity profiles, because they were not found to differ from the profiles of other responsive predicates. (shrink)

When Emanuel Ringelblum was born on November 21, 1900, in Buczacz, the small, multilingual and multi-ethnic Galician town was to be found on the far northeastern part of the Austrian Empire. As a mail stamp on a Correspondenz-Karte or Karta korrespondencyja of 1890 shows, the place was officially spelled in accordance with its Polish orthography. However, it was called Butschtasch in German, Bichuch in Yiddish, and still differently in Ukranian. After World War I, it was for a short while part (...) of Ukrania, and subsequently became Polish, then Soviet, and Ukranian again in the aftermath of the end of the Soviet Union. Ringelblum's cousin, Shmuel Josef Agnon, was also born in Buczacz. But their lives were to diverge in most respects. Agnon is remembered as one of the leading authors of modern Hebrew belles-lettres who was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1966. And one remembers Ringelblum as the one who, with utmost and relentless courage, organized the underground archive Oyneg Shabes in the Warsaw ghetto. Samuel D. Kassow, the expert on the history of Oyneg Shabes and the author of a brilliant monograph on this subject, asserts that “more than anyone else it was Emanuel Ringelblum who encouraged individuals to write, who organized and conceptualized the archive, and who transformed it into a powerful center of civil resistance”. (shrink)

In this article, I contest Brian Epstein’s argument (2014) against the applicability of global supervenience to relate micro and macroeconomic properties. Epstein rejects supervenience via a causal-chain relation inside the macroeconomic set in his criticism. Accordingly, the rise of the macro set is fixed by a weather event without any mediation from the realm of microeconomics. As it stands, this idea would demonstrate the autonomy of macroeconomics from microeconomics. However, as I intend to argue, in Epstein’s weather-cases scenarios, the corresponding (...) macroeconomic sets are fixed by their micro bases that codify weather events and thereby fix the macro. This is so because the microeconomic base must include institutional facts; they are as much necessary as the facts about people’s conditions. In so doing, we re-establish bottom–top determination from the micro to the macro, rescuing the applicability of global supervenience. (shrink)

This paper studies the controversy on Fehr and Schmidt's model of inequity aversion. It borrows insights from disciplines such as philosophy and the sociology of science that have specialized in studying scientific controversies. Our goal is to contribute to the historical and methodological literature on behavioral economics, which happens to have neglected behavioral economists' research on social preferences. Our analysis of the controversy reveals some new insights about the relation of behavioral economics with other sub-fields in economics, as well as (...) with other disciplines. (shrink)

Il s’agit de proposer une confrontation entre deux pensées au premier abord sans grand rapport : les travaux critiques de J. Butler qui mettent au jour le rôle constitutif et assujettissant de normes sociales qui passent pour naturelles d’une part et, d’autre part, la pensée stoïcienne, indéniablement naturaliste et conservatrice. C’est le motif de la performance – exhibition du Cynique ou du drag, incarnation des normes de genre chez Butler ou d’un rôle par l’acteur stoïcien – qui retient notre attention. (...) On cherche à montrer qu’une certaine articulation est possible entre des usages stoïciens et des usages contemporains de la performance et que cette articulation est féconde pour notre manière de comprendre notre actualité. (shrink)

L’auteur relève les différents enjeux de la médecine prédictive pour le secteur de l’assurance.

Il faut attendre la fin du deuxième siècle pour voir Irénée faire le lien entre la fonction de « diacre » et le récit d’Actes 6 rapportant la création du groupe de Sept hellénistes. Pour le comprendre, on étudie la liaison entre le nombre Sept, la notion de diakonia, la fonction de glorification et surtout l’idée d’imitation par l’univers visible de l’univers invisible. Ces questions étaient au centre du débat entre Marc le Mage et Irénée. Elles se retrouvent dans les (...) spéculations de Clément d’Alexandrie autour du chandelier à 7 branches et des 7 « protoctistes » qui assurent la diaconie au ciel. Les structures ecclésiales sont ainsi conçues comme l’image des réalités célestes préexistantes. Le récit du martyre d’Étienne en Ac 6 contenait déjà quelques jalons qui ont permis à Irénée d’établir ce lien : si Étienne peut être dit « premier diacre » par Irénée, c’est parce que sa confession parfaite lui donne de voir s’ouvrir les cieux en contemplant la Gloire de Dieu. (shrink)

TOPOGRAPHICAL MISSIONS ΤΟ LATO I (2005-2007): A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PLAN BY J. DEMARGNE AND V. SEYK (1901) In the years 2005 and 2007 the site of Lato in Crete was the object of three new topographical and geomorphological study campaigns. The works carried out over the entire site permitted in particular the analysis of the only to date available complete plan of the city, that of J. Demargne and the architect V. Seyk undertaken in 1900. The objectif was (...) to establish its documentary interest and limits in use, and thus better prepare new measurements and guide renewed field work. To do this, it was first necessary (I) to retrace the history of previous graphic documentation, (II) to analyse the work of J. Demargne and V. Seyk, so as (III) to gauge its value against the standards of current research, and (IV) to establish its interest in terms of the cultural resource management of the site. A second paper to appear in BCH will develop, on basis of a new documentation, the urban and morphological analysis of the remains of Lato. (shrink)

Au 1er janvier 2014 le personnel scientifique était composé de Alexandre Farnoux, directeur, de Julien Fournier, directeur des études antiques et byzantines et de Maria Couroucli directeur des études modernes et contemporaines. Étaient membres à cette date : 4e année : Guillaume Biard, Cécile Oberweiler, Tchavdar Marinov ;3e année : Sylvain Perrot ;2e année : Antoine Chabrol, Maria Xénaki et Basma Zerouali ;1re année : Anna Cannavò, Yannis Kalliontzis, Ludovic Thély.Étaient membres étrangers...

Cet article a déjà été publié dans le Carnet Zilsel, en date du 16 septembre 2017. L'auteur remercie Catherine Dupuy, Pascal Engel, Éric Guichard, Gaïa Lassaube, Pierre Lévy, Pierre Mœglin, David Monniaux, Mathieu Triclot et Stéphane Vial, ainsi qu'Arnaud Saint-Martin et Jérôme Lamy, éditeurs du Carnet Zilsel, de leur relecture du projet d'article et de leurs remarques. Il va de soi que l'article lui-même n'engage que son auteur. Rhuthmos remercie Alexandre Moatti et les Carnets Zilsel d'avoir permis - Philosophie (...) – Nouvel article. (shrink)

A interculturalidade crítica pretende colaborar na construção de uma sociedade mais justa, diversa, plural e democrática, contrapondo a monocultura que se formou no ocidente e que se espalhou por todo o mundo. A Ecologia dos Saberes parte da crítica a supressão dos saberes de povos e nações colonizadas, consideradas subalternas, marginais e subdesenvolvidas. Ambas perspectivas fazem críticas ao colonialismo como forma de dominação nas suas mais diferentes formas (saber, ser e poder), além de posicionar-se contra a ideia de uma cultura (...) hegemônica e universal da humanidade. Partindo do encontro e entrelaçamento desses dois posicionamentos, somos interpelados pela seguinte questão: como a interculturalidade crítica e a Ecologia de Saberes podem contribuir no enfrentamento ao multiculturalismo e ideia de uma epistemologia hegemônica universal? Metodologicamente, é um estudo qualitativo, histórico e documental inspirado em autores como Fornet-Betancourt (2004), Catherine Walsh (2013), Boaventura Santos (2010), Raimon Panikkar (2002) entre outros. O objetivo é analisar os principais pressupostos da interculturalidade crítica e Ecologia de Saberes como forma de enfrentamento ao multiculturalismo e a hegemonia epistemológica. Numa primeira leitura, é possível afirmar que ambas perspectivas são fundamentais para confrontar a tese de cultura e epistemologia hegemônica universal. ABSTRACT Critical interculturality aims to collaborate in the construction of a more just, diverse, plural and democratic society, countering the monoculture that was formed in the West and has spread throughout the world. The Ecology of Knowledge is based on a critique of the suppression of the knowledge of colonized peoples and nations, considered subaltern, marginal and underdeveloped. Both perspectives criticize colonialism as a form of domination in all its different forms (knowledge, being and power), as well as opposing the idea of a hegemonic and universal culture of humanity. Starting from the encounter and intertwining of these two positions, we are challenged by the following question: how can critical interculturality and the Ecology of Knowledge contribute to confronting multiculturalism and the idea of a universal hegemonic epistemology? Methodologically, this is a qualitative, historical and documentary study inspired by authors such as Fornet-Betancourt (2004), Catherine Walsh (2013), Boaventura Santos (2010), Raimon Panikkar (2002) and others. The aim is to analyze the main assumptions of critical interculturality and the Ecology of Knowledge as a way of confronting multiculturalism and epistemological hegemony. On first reading, it is possible to affirm that both perspectives are fundamental to confronting the thesis of universal hegemonic culture and epistemology. (shrink)

The philosopher's paper Alonso, Ángel Castigo y derecho sin libre albedrío ni responsabilidad Punishment and law without free will and no responsibility López Corredoira, Martín De los metarrelatos a la "muerte de los intelectuales". Una mirada al "Humanismo impenitente" desde la reconstrucción neonietzscheana postmoderna From meta - reports to the "demise of intellectuals". A view of "impenitent humanism" from post-modern neo-Nietzschean deconstruction Mora García, José Pascual Kant y el método de trascender en la filosofía de Karl Jaspers Kant and (...) the transcendental method in the Karl Jaspers philosophy Portuondo Pajón, Gladys L. La creatio ex Nihilo y sus implicaciones fenomenológicas en Levitas La creatio ex Nihilo and it's phenomenology implications in Levinas Ramírez, Gustavo ¿Qué significa meditar? What does it mean to meditate? Ramis Muscato, Pompeyo Sobre la violencia: Orígenes y antídoto Regarding violence: Origens and antidotes Vasquez, Eduardo Interdisciplinares Louis Kahn: Filosofía, arte y arquitectura Louis Kahn: Philosophy, arte and architecture Arellano Spinetti, Leonardo La oligarquía venezolana en el siglo XXI: Del estereotipo al anacronismo The Venezuelan oligarchy in the XXI century: From the stereotype to the anachronism Varela Manrique, Luz Coromoto Traducciones El arte de pensar Maurois, André Friedrich Nietzsche. 1844-1900. (shrink)

Il a souvent été remarqué que Pascal produit une pensée inquiétante de la condition humaine, mais plus rarement qu’il est aussi et surtout un penseur fondamental de l’inquiétude en elle-même. À partir d’une étude systématique de cette dernière notion dans les Pensées, nous voulons montrer qu’elle admet plusieurs visages mais aussi plusieurs usages sous la plume de l’apologiste. Si elle manifeste toute la misère de l’homme dans la réflexion anthropologique, l’inquiétude fonctionne également comme un outil apologétique et rhétorique visant à (...) toucher le lecteur. Enfin, Pascal prescrit le modèle d’une saine inquiétude spirituelle, lui conférant un rôle normatif et régulateur dans la conversion. Nous défendons ainsi que l’inquiétude livre le cœur de la vision pascalienne de l’homme, mais qu’elle figure surtout le seul chemin possible pour se tourner vers Dieu. (shrink)

« Sans frontières » ! Le concept est à la mode. Que l'on soit médecin, pharmacien, reporter, voire théologien, il est de bon ton de le mettre en avant. On le projetterait volontiers aux origines de l'Église, tant il paraît approprié à l'idéal universaliste de l'Évangile. Mais le désir de négation des frontières est la preuve même de leur existence et de leur efficience. Les frontières, nous le savons bien, s'établissent, se déplacent, se traversent, se transgressent. Elles sont à la (...) fois lign.. (shrink)

Qu'est-ce que parler du diable ? Psychologues, sociologues, écrivains ou philosophes se sont emparés de la question et y répondent diverse­ment. Mais plus précisément, que peut et doit dire la théologie scientifi­que dont la compétence se rapporte à une interprétation de la tradition biblique en tant que source et fondement d'énoncés dogmatiques, y compris ceux du Magistère ecclésiastique ? Après avoir examiné les écrits bibliques, et plus largement ceux du Nouveau Testament, après avoir interrogé l'enseignement dogmatique de l'Église qui, en (...) comparaison, reste pauvre, A. Ganoczy dégage quelques grandes lignes de la recherche théologique en cours, précisant au passage les conditions pour rendre plausible une métaphore qui n'est pas un moyen de connaissance néces­sairement déficitaire. Car la métaphore « diable » rend compte d'un mystère pour la foi.What does it mean to speak of the devil ? Psychologists, sociologists, writers and philosophers have taken up the question and answered in different ways. But more precisely, what can and should scientific theology say ? Its competence is related to an interpretation of biblical tradition as a source and foundation for dogmatic statements, including those of the Church's Magisterium. After examining biblical writings, and in a larger sense those of the New Testament, and after questioning the dogmatic teaching of the Church, which, in comparison remains scanty, A. Ganoczy sorts out some important areas of present theological research. In passing he specfies the conditions that render plausible a metaphor that is not necessarily deficient as a means of knowledge. For the metaphor « devil » takes into account a mystery for the faith. (shrink)

Le but de la présente étude est d’établir un bilan aussi complet que possible des grandes lignes de la recherche des vingt dernières années en théologie sacramentaire. Pour cela, l’auteur commence par une analyse sélective des communications données au Colloque des RSR qui s’est tenu à Chantilly du 28 au 30 juin 1986 afin de déceler les courants majeurs qui se retrouvent par la suite dans les travaux de recherche théologique postérieurs à cette époque. Dans une deuxième partie, il retrace (...) le fruit des travaux recensés entre 1987 et 2001 dans les bulletins critiques des RSR, ce qui, soit dit en passant, justifie que l’ensemble de ce dossier soit dédié à la mémoire de Henri Bourgeois, décédé prématurément en 2001. Un tel itinéraire permet de se faire une idée de tout ce qui a été élaboré sur le sujet par des auteurs, surtout franco-, anglo-, germano- et italophones. En dernier lieu, sont données quelques propositions du point de vue d’un théologien systématique, dogmaticien, engagé lui-même comme acteur dans cette recherche.The purpose of the present study is to assess as completely as possible the principal areas of research during the past 20 years of sacramental theology. To that end, the author begins with a selective analysis of papers given at the Colloquium of RSR, which was held at Chantilly from the 28th to the 30th of June 1986. His goal was to identify major contributions that influenced theological research during the period that followed. The second part retraces the fruit of the works reviewed between 1987 and 2001 in the critical bulletins of the RSR , which we can say in passing, justified the dedication of the whole dossier to the memory of Henri Bourgeois, who died prematurely in 2001. Such an approach provides a broad perspective of the contributions made on the subject by authors, especially French-, English-, German-, and Italian-speaking. Finally, some proposals represent the view of a systematic, dogmatic theologian who was himself engaged as a participant in this research. (shrink)