Abstract

The article examines the peculiarities of the reception of Kant’s philosophical ideas by scientists of Lviv University. It was noted that for the first time the ideas of the German thinker became known in Lviv during the philosopher’s lifetime. At first, they were treated somewhat cautiously. This can be explained by the fact that Kant’s philosophical views were at odds with the leading rationalist system in the academic environment at that time, i. e. call Leibniz-Wolffian philosophy, which shortly before replaced the leading scholastic philosophy for educational centers. As a result, Lviv University professor W. Vrecha, even at the beginning of the 19th century, when the Kantian philosophical system gained popularity in Europe, actually neglected it, and P. Lodii, a professor of theoretical and practical philosophy at the Studium Ruthenum, repeatedly criticized Kant for the logico-metaphysical inaccuracies of his philosophical system. It is noted that under the influence of the growing popularity of the ideas of neo-Kantianism in the second half of the nineteenth century, interest in Kantian philosophy increased, which resulted in the emergence of the conversatory «Kant’s “Critique of Pure Reason”», held at Lviv University by K. Z. Barach-Rappaport in 1870–1871, and later, courses devoted to the analysis of Kant’s philosophy were offered by many other professors at Lviv University, namely A. Skórski, W. Rubczyński, F. Rulf, M. Wartenberg, K. Twardowski, and R. Ingarden. In addition, thanks to the activity of K. Twardowski and members of the philosophical school founded by him in Lviv, Kant’s ideas were devoted to the dissertation of B. Bornstein, K. Ajdukiewicz, J. Spinner, and thanks to the translations of representatives of the university environment P. Chmielowski, F. Kierski, M. Wartenberg and B. Bornstein, translations of Kant into Polish appeared. For their part, such scholars as I. Franko, S. Balei, I. Mirchuk drew the public’s attention to Kant’s philosophical views, which they criticised in their works, and the latter also made the first translation of Kant’s work «Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics That Will Be Able to Present Itself as a Science» into Ukrainian. It is stated that in the context of ideological censorship in the 40s–80s of the twentieth century, Kant’s ideas were studied little at the Lviv University and without access to thorough scientific research, it was impossible. It is argued that today, interest in Kant’s philosophy at Lviv University is most developed in the political and legal sphere, in the comparison of his individual philosophical ideas with the views of contemporary thinkers, and in the issue of its reception by representatives of the contemporary philosophical movements.