Abstract

: Ransomware remains one of the most significant cybersecurity threats, evolving rapidly with new attack vectors, encryption techniques, and extortion models. As we enter 2018, ransomware attacks have become more sophisticated, leveraging artificial intelligence (AI), automation, and emerging technologies to bypass traditional security measures. This paper analyzes the latest ransomware trends, including targeted attacks on critical infrastructure, Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS), and double/triple extortion tactics. Additionally, it explores advanced mitigation techniques such as AI-driven anomaly detection, zero-trust architectures, blockchain-based security solutions, and proactive threat intelligence frameworks. By examining real-world case studies and industry best practices, this study provides insights into effective countermeasures and future directions for securing digital ecosystems against ransomware threats. The findings aim to assist cybersecurity professionals, policymakers, and organizations in strengthening their defense mechanisms against evolving ransomware threats in 2018 and beyond.