Abstract

Copulative existence has two applications, one in logic under the discussion of categorical proposition, and the other in relation to independent existence or existence-in-itself, which is called not-in-itself existence in philosophy. Some Muslim philosophers, particularly, the followers of the Transcendent Philosophy, have employed two methods in order to demonstrate the external realization of copulative existence: one is through analyzing categorical propositions, and the other is through analyzing the cause-effect relationship. The first method has been criticized because of its mixing logical principles with philosophical ones. However, the other method which is inspired by gnosis, views the existence of possible things in relation to the essence of the Truth the same as relation and dependence and demonstrates copulative existence based on this idea