Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the “relationships” between philosophy and theology in Dante's works and, on the example of his work, the influence of ancient philosophy on medieval theology. The medieval theocratic tendencies, which were connected with the inheritance of St. Augustine and finally formed in the writings of Thomas Aquinas, can be interpreted in Dante's era as short-lived phenomena and dependent on the personal preferences of the Roman popes. In search of the purpose of earthly existence, Dante immerses himself in the study of human nature. His reflections bear the stamp of long and painful experiences for the fate of his homeland, which was engulfed in civil strife. Dante undertakes to consider the ways that would allow the realization of human unity, that is, he sets out on the path of existential interpretation of man.The relevance of the study is determined by the problematic of the work itself, which examines the question of the individual's search for the path leading to the Truth, moral criteria that define human life and man as a being. In the “Divine Comedy” Dante Alighieri combined medieval scientific knowledge, ancient philosophy, elements of the worldview of Eastern philosophical schools, religious teachings of the Catholic Church, world and national history. Such a multitude of connected faces makes the poem difficult for a modern person to understand. The analysis of philosophical teachings found in Dante's works makes it possible to understand the dynamics of philosophical thought and to propose possible solutions to modern problems.The purpose of the article is to investigate the intellectual biography of an individual person, as well as philosophical-theological-literary thought in its historical development. The methodology of obtaining new knowledge is based on the comparative research method.