Abstract

Using the examples of physics, mathematics and psychology, traditionally used by philosophers and historians of science to demonstrate different levels of “maturity” and “accuracy” of science, the article shows that at the present stage the differences between “mature” and “immature” sciences fade out. General trends of modern sciences are highlighted: growing disunity and fractionation, a split between different levels of science, as well as the difficulty in defining a criterion for the demarcation of scientific and non-scientific knowledge. Therefore, the stigmatization of the social sciences is inadequate, and the crises of identity of psychologists and sociologists are unfounded. In connection with the fractionation of science, it is possible to predict, along with interdisciplinary research, a greater number of multi-paradigm or multi-approach studies, which, to a certain extent, make it possible to reconcile various scientific worldviews within one science.