Cities as collective beings

World Futures 64 (8):577 – 589 (2008)
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Abstract

This article introduces the concepts of System, Autonomous System, Intelligent System, Multiple System, and Collective Being. It deals with issues related to managing these different levels of systemic aggregation. The author then discusses applications related to Architecture and design with particular reference to cities.

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10.1080/02604020802510945

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