Abstract

This paper employs Mikhail Bakhtin’s concept of heteroglossia as a frame­work to interpret internal tensions within contemporary digital games. To that end, I propose to acknowledge the multimodal character of entertain­ment software, with audial, visual, haptic, spatiotemporal and systemic elements of a game in constant interaction. But to properly understand said tensions — frequently dubbed “dissonance” in game criticism — it is im­portant to acknowledge the complex multimodal structure of games that attempt to utilize culturally-rooted ways to describe the world, sometimes trying to combine several such ways at once. As a result, ‚game-languages‘ are born: ways to utilize all game components to cover the specificity of certain narrative genres, to explain the nature of the world in terms con­sistent with its ideological stance. Quite often, one game combines several game-languages, and their mutually exclusive ideologies are a source of tension and dissonance. To illustrate the issue, I describe how three pri­mary game-languages of Uncharted 3 — the language of Adventure, the language of Heroics, and the language of the Traditional Game — compete to describe an armed conflict to the player.