Abstract

The purpose of this paper concerns the "risk" concept, such as Marx's class can construct a general concept of social theory. When the "risk" in contemporary society the most basic principles of social composition, we can agree to Baker as "risk allocation" logic instead of "wealth distribution" of the old-fashioned concept of social justice. This structure is divided into four parts: the first part of the so far described Baker's "risk society" theory and one of the social justice issues. Secondly, the use of Jideng Shi , Luhmann point of view to add, and in-depth review of the so-called "risk" concept. . The third part is an introduction on the scholar Richard Münch structure and function of the "risk society" and the "second modern" theory of criticism. The fourth part of the concept from the perspective of a rational theory of Baker. From this perspective, Baker's theory on the one hand can be seen as self-Weber has been the German sociological tradition of "instrumental rationality" is one attempt to solve problems. At the same time, rational problem also makes the "second modern" theory of stance between the "modern" and "post-modern" between. This article concerns about whether the concept of risk can beused to construct a social theory just like the concept of class of the Marxism does. Only when the "risk" has become the most basically principle of the social construction in the modern society, then we can agree with Ulrich Beck to substitute the conventional social justice idea of ​​the wealth distribution for the new logic of "risk distribution". Thestudy contains four parts. Firstly, it describes Beck's discussion about the Risk Society Theory and the social justice problems within it. Secondly, the perspectives of Anthony Giddens and Niklas Luhmann would behelpful to complement the deficiency in Beck's theory. Thirdly, the critique of the Risk Society and the Second Modern Theory from the structural-functionalist sociologist Richard Münch would be introduced. Finally, the Beck's theory would be observed from the aspect of the rationality. From this point of view we can conclude that, on the on eh and, Beck's theory belongs to the tradition of Germen sociology whichtries to solve the problems of the instrumental rationality since Max Weber; on the another hand, the approach the "Second Modern" deals with the reason problems makes it stand between the "Modern" and the "Postmodern" theories