Signo e sentido interno na filosofia da matemática pré-crítica

Dois Pontos 2 (2) (2005)
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Abstract

Este artigo defende que, na Investigação sobre os princípios da teologia natural e da Moral, o conceito de “sentido interno” é central à reflexão kantiana sobre a matemática. Ele não deve ser entendido em sua acepção crítica, mas corresponde antes àquela derivada de Locke, pelo intermédio de Crusius, e se resume a uma reflexão mental sobre figuras e conceitos matemáticos. Ao incluir no sentido interno a dimensão simbólica do conhecimento matemático, Kant podia ainda ignorar um dos problemas centrais de sua reflexão madura sobre a matemática, a saber, como a inspeção de objetos matemáticos particulares permite formular provas e leis de caráter universal. Isto acentua diferenças, muitas vezes ignoradas, entre a filosofia da matemática crítica e pré-crítica. Sign and Internal Sense in the pre-critical philosophy of mathematics Abstract In this article it is argued that, in the Inquiry concerning the Principles of natural theology and of morals, the concept of “inner sense” is central to Kant´s theses about mathematics. It must not, however, be taken in its critical meaning, corresponding rather to a loosely lockean influx, trough Crusius, indicating only that mental reflexion about mathematical objects or concepts is involved in mathematical knowledge. The concept of inner sense incorporates, in particular, the symbolic aspect of mathematical knowledge, and, in so doing, allows Kant to ignore what would become one of the central problems of his mature tought, namely how, in mathematics, the inspection of particulars provides us with proofs and laws which are general in character. This indicates to some relevant differences between the critical and pre-critical theory of mathematics which have been regularly overlooked.

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Kant on the Mathematical Method.Jaakko Hintikka - 1967 - The Monist 51 (3):352-375.

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