Mimesis poética y crítica al teatro en la Carta a d’Alembert

Tópicos 19:5-25 (2010)
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Abstract

This work intends to analyze the critique of theatre found in the Carta a D'Alembert, to determine the conception of poetic mimesis that underlies it. We should like to show, that from the critique to the classical conception of catharsis found in the Carta, it does not follow that Rousseau adopted the platonic conception of poetic mimesis. We shall begin by identifying the reference to theatre within the work. In a second moment, we shall situate its critique in the context of the dispute about morality in theatre which took place in France throughout the 17th and 18th centuries. This dispute interests us, because arguments for or against morality in theatre are based on the analysis of the effects of poetic mimesis upon passions. After analysing Rousseau's position about the limits of poetic catharsis, we shall inquire, in a third and last moment, whether his questioning of morality of theatre supposes the platonic conception of poetic mimesis. We shall see that Rousseau, who nears Plato in the analysis of the moral consequences of theatre, moves away from him, inasmuch as he does not conceive mimesis as a copy of nature.Este trabajo se propone analizar la crítica al teatro que encontramos en la Carta a D'Alembert para determinar qué concepción de la mimesis poética la sustenta. Quisiéramos mostrar que la crítica a la concepción clásica de la catarsis que encontramos en la Carta no supone por parte de Rousseau la adopción de la concepción platónica de la mimesis poética. Empezaremos por ubicar la referencia al teatro en la obra. En un segundo momento situaremos su crítica en el contexto de la disputa en torno a la moralidad del teatro que se dio en Francia a lo largo de los siglos XVII y XVIII. Esta disputa nos interesa porque los argumentos a favor o en contra de la moralidad del teatro se basan en el análisis de los efectos de la mimesis poética sobre las pasiones. Luego de analizar la posición de Rousseau sobre los límites de la catarsis poética nos preguntaremos en un tercer y último momento si su cuestionamiento a la moralidad del teatro supone la concepción platónica de la mimesis poética. Veremos que Rousseau, próximo a Platón en el análisis de las consecuencias morales del teatro, se aleja de él en tanto no concibe la mimesis como copia de la naturaleza

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