Abstract

We study the components of the stateconcept, as a political institution in political science heritage of Stanislav Dnistryansky, including scientific views on issues of origin, characteristics and functions of the state, forms of government and power division, political regimes and the rights and freedoms of local government. The following research methods: comparative and analytical methods, structural and system analysis. It turns out that S. Dnistryansky considers contractual theory – a doctrine of creation of the modern constitutional state. The optimal form of government scientist proclaims the Republic, the political regime –democracy. Trying to set the contrast significantly expand the powers of the President and the people involved in the exercise of power and implementing its sovereignty, C. Dnistryansky offers, except of Parliament, other forms of constitutional democracy in the country – the General People’s Council, National Assembly and People’s pantry. This system of «checks and balances» between the branches of government scientist says by preserving democracy and guarantee the effective functioning of state machinery. Analyzed thinker looks at understanding of the democratic constitutional state. In particular establishes that human and civil rights on the one hand and on the other rights of the people, according to scientist, are the basis of the legal system of the modern state. The scientist defines personal, political and economic rights and freedoms, while proclaiming undeniable achievement of political and legal thought,right of peoples to self-determination and the protection of minority rights. S. Dnistryansky researched arguments concerning the cooperation of two parallel systems – local government system and local executive authorities. The political system of a unitary state with a harmonious combination of effective functions of the central government and local government broad powers scientist considers exemplary. It is noted that many of the scientist proposals used in the process of constitutional reform in Ukraine nowadays, building systems of government institutions of a democratic state and civil society structures, which makes use of practical results of this study.