Rawls e a justificação da punição

Trans/Form/Ação 40 (3):67-92 (2017)
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Abstract

Resumo: O objetivo central deste artigo é procurar compreender a concepção normativa híbrida usada por John Rawls para justificar moralmente a punição legal, fazendo uso de um recurso consequencialista, a fim de justificar a instituição da punição, isto é, a eficácia social e um recurso retributivista para justificar os atos punitivos particulares, ou seja, a culpa do agente. Analisaremos, especialmente, o artigo "Two Concepts of Rules" e o livro A Theory of Justice. Defenderemos que Rawls faz uso de uma visão liberal de punição, bem como utiliza o método de equilíbrio reflexivo, estipulando uma regra para aprovação da punição legal, a partir da coerência com nossos juízos morais ponderados, o que parece reconciliar a justiça retributiva com a justiça distributiva.2: The principal aim of this paper is to understand the hybrid normative concept used by John Rawls to morally justify legal punishment. Rawls uses a consequentialist argument - that is, social efficacy - to justify the institution of punishment, and a retributivist argument - that is, the guilt of the agent - to justify particular acts of punishment. The article "Two Concepts of Rules" and the book A Theory of Justice are analyzed. We argue that Rawls uses a liberal view of punishment, as well as the method of reflective equilibrium, stipulating a rule for approval of legal punishment based on its coherence with our considered moral judgments; this seems to reconcile retributive justice with distributive justice.

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Denis Coitinho
Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos

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Two concepts of rules.John Rawls - 1955 - Philosophical Review 64 (1):3-32.

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