Abstract

The root causes of the formation Ukrainian people’s political unity have been discussed at the article. It was been done with the use of historical, cultural, and political results of the research, made by the author. It has been stated that Cyril and Methodius’ scientists were aware of the reasons of political confrontation with the geopolitical pressures of other countries. Such reasons have socio-cultural origins, coming from the past time. It has been proved that members of Cyril and Methodius society were very critical as to the shameful situation of Ukraine and tried to determine the socio-political direction in the development of Ukrainian ethno-cultural unity. Representatives of the Cyril and Methodius society have substantiated the thesis that the fundamental features of the Ukrainian mentality are grounded at the dominant principles, such as the critical attitude to Russian despotism, the claim of social and political democratic development, the formation of a rational world view of the Ukrainians and the respect to individual human’s life. It has been shown that the influence of philosophical and political ideas of Cyril and Methodius can be seen in views of modern Ukrainian and European philosophers, political scientists, and historians. Theoretically-methodological basis of the analysis of this study is the works of modern philosophers, political scientists, culturologists. Also, the fundamental categories of the methodology that were developed by Cyril and Methous’ and modern scientists have been synthesized by the author. Big attention has been given to the fact that Cyril and Methodius’ scientists suggested the idea that Ukrainians are a creative nation, their philosophical ideas were integrated in the artistic-religious and literary synthesis. In their works, people became to be a fundamental philosophical category where man is endowed by the intellectual and emotional potential. The activity of the individual should be in tune with the interests of the majority of people. Cyril and Methodius’ argued that it was necessary to follow the philosophical principles of the unity of the human being as a unique person of the particular nation. Their important religious-rational conclusions about the Universe and society have been derived from the theory, which suggests such philosophical concept as: man is the part of divine and cosmic worlds, and, therefore, an individual’s life is unique.